Anatomy-Back of the thigh and popliteal fossa-->Week 8 Flashcards
Dermatomes of the back of the thigh
S2
Dermatomes at the upper part of the back of the leg
S2
The lower part of the back of the leg and heel
S1
What consists of the hamstring muscles?
- Semitendinosus: Medial
- Semimembranosus muscles: Medial
- Biceps femoris muscle: Lateral
What are the actions of hamstring muscles?
- Flexion of the knee
- Extension of the hip joint
What is the function of the biceps femoris?
Laterally rotate the knee joint, flexion of the knee extension of the hip
Which muscle has two head?
Biceps femoris
What is the origin of the long head of the biceps femoris?
-Lower medial part of the upper area of the ischial tuberosity.
What is the origin of the short head of the biceps femoris?
-Lateral lip of linea aspera and upper part of the lateral supracondylar line.
What is the origin of semitendinosus?
With the long head of biceps from the lower medial part of the upper area of the ischial tuberosity.
What is the origin of semimembranosus?
The upper lateral part of the upper area of the ischial tuberosity.
What is the insertion of the biceps femoris?
Styloid process of the fibula.
What is the insertion of semitendinosus?
The upper part of the medial surface of the tibia behind the sartorius and gracilis.
What is the insertion of semimembranosus?
Back of the medial condyle of the tibia
What is the nerve supply of the hamstring muscles?
Sciatic nerves are supplied all by the tibial part except the short head of biceps by the common peroneal part.
What is the position of popliteal fossa?
-Fascial space behind the knee joint
What is the shape of the popliteal fossa?
Diamond-shaped space
What are the boundaries of popliteal fossa?
- Upper lateral boundary: Biceps femoris muscle.
- Upper medial boundary: semitendinosus and semimembranosus muscles
- Lower medial boundary: medial head of the gastrocnemius.
- Lower lateral boundary: Lateral head of gastrocnemius muscle and plantaris muscle.
What is the roof of popliteal fossa?
- Skin
- Superficial fascia containing small saphenous vein and the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh.
- Deep fascia
What is the floor of the popliteal fossa?
- Upper part: the popliteal surface of the femur
- Middle part: capsule of the knee joint.
- Lower part: Fascia covering popliteus
What is the lower limit of the popliteal fossa?
Distal border of the popliteus muscle.
What are the contents of the vessels in popliteal fossa?
- Popliteal artery
- Popliteal vein
- Terminal part of the small saphenous vein
What are the contents of nerves in the popliteal fossa?
- Tibial nerve
- Common peroneal(fibular) nerve
- Sympathetic plexus around the popliteal artery.
What does the popliteal fossa contain?
- Vessels
- Nerves
- Popliteal lymph nodes
- Fat
