Glossary M Flashcards
type of friction hitch used in climbing and rigging
Machard tresse (Mt)
cable anchor or bracing rod with a fine-thread pattern that is used with a nut and washer and installed through a pre-drilled hole that is larger in diameter than the rod. Contrast with lag-threaded
machine-threaded
technique to introduce substances directly into the xylem of a tree to treat or prevent diseases, disorders, or pest problems through a relatively large-diameter hole in the trunk or a cut root. Contrast with implant, macroinjection, and microinjection
macroinfusion
trunk injection technique that requires a relatively large-diameter hole in the trunk. Contrast with implant, macroinfusion, and microinjection
macroinjection
essential element that is required by plants in relatively large quantities. Contrast with micronutrient
macronutrient
relatively large space between soil particles that is usually air filled and allows for water movement and root penetration. Contrast with micropore
macropore
primary conductor cable of a tree lightning protection system. Standard down conductor
main conductor
a broad-headed hammer made of wood, plastic, or resin used to sound a tree
mallet
rope made of natural fibers
manila rope
(1) simple hitch used in lashing. (2) in rigging, a secondary knot used in combination with a primary attachment knot to tie off sections for lowering
marline hitch
tool that tapers to a point. Used for separating the strands of a rope in splicing and in marling
marline spike
act of forming marline hitches in series along an object
marling
process of reshaping the landscape to specified elevations for the construction of buildings and/or to provide drainage. See grading
mass grading
maximum height that a plant is likely to reach if the conditions of the planting site are favorable
mature height
small, sap-sucking, scale-like insect coated with a white powdery wax
mealybug
system by which effort or force can be multiplied
mechanical advantage
study of forces and their effects on bodies at rest or in motion
mechanics
undifferentiated tissue in which active cell division takes place. Found in the root tips, buds, cambium, cork cambium, and latent buds
meristem
middle layers of a leaf where most photosynthesis takes place. Composed primarily of palisade and spongy parenchyma cells
mesophyll
biological transformation in the lifecycle of an organism, going from an immature to an adult stage
metamorphosis
substances derived from microorganisms. May be used to control certain pests
microbial extracts
use of a small-diameter drill bit on an electric drill, measuring the change of torque resistance and indicating wood density as the drill bit passes through a trunk or limb. In tree risk assessment, used to measure the extent of decay
microdrill resistance testing
a small area with physical and ecological characteristics that distinguish it from its immediate surrounding area
microenvironment
trunk injection technique using a small-diameter trunk penetration to introduce chemicals directly into the xylem. Contrast with implant, macroinfusion, and macroinjection
microinjection
essential element that is required by plants in relatively small quantities. Contrast with macronutrient
micronutrient
space between soil particles that is relatively small and likely to be water filled. Contrast with macropore
micropore
small, light-duty pulley used in climbing operations. Often used as a knot tender….
micropulley
looped knot formed or tied in the standing part of a line….
midline loop
naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a definite chemical composition and possesses characteristic physical properties. Certain minerals are considered essential elements for tree growth and development.
mineral
process in which an organic substance is converted to or trapped in inorganic substance….
mineralization
closest distance that a tree worker, tool, equipment, or tree part is permitted near overhead electrical conductors and equipment. Distance increases with increasing voltage and varies with training of personnel.
minimum distance approach
minimum load under which a new, unused rope or other piece of equipment will fail. Based on multiple trials and, for ropes, calculated as three standard deviations below the mean.
minimum breaking strength
practice of minimizing irrigation needs through the use of drought-tolerant plants and watering only when necessary. See Xeriscape….
minimum irrigation
a calculated minimum distance stated in feet (or meters) to prevent spark-over, for various altitudes and operating voltages, that is used in the design of transmission facilities….
minimum vegetation clearance distance (MVCD)
cut type used in branch removal in which offset, overlapping cuts enable the section to be easily broken off. Snap cut. Bypass cut
mismatch cut
small, often minute, arthropods in the order Acarina of the class Arachnida that may feed on plants, other mites, or small insects….
mites
chemical compounds that are toxic to mites….
miticides
in tree risk management, reducing, alleviating, or minimizing risk of harm (damage or injury)….
mitigation
general term used primarily in the United Kingdom for mobile aerial platforms that are widely used on work sites in place of ladders and tower scaffolds….
mobile elevating work platform (MEWP)
One or more atoms. The smallest amound of a substance that keeps its chemical properties….
molecule
in insects and other arthropods, part o the matamorphosis process in which old skin is shed after a new skin (or cuticle) is formed….
molt
rotational force that is created by any line force on a body. The magnitude of a moment is defined as the product of the force magnitude and the perpendicular distance from the line of action of the force to the axis that the moment is being calculated about.
moment
keeping a close watch. Performing regular checks or inspections….
monitoring
plant with an embryo that has one seed leaf (cotyledon). Examples are grasses and palms.
monocotyledon
Contrast with dicotyledon
the cultivation or planting of a single species on agricultural land, in a forest setting, or within an urban landscape….
monoculture
species with male and female flowers borne on the same plant. Contrast with dioecious….
monecious
study of the form and structure of plants and other living organisms. Contrast with anatomy, physiology, and taxonomy….
morphology
sequence of stressful events or conditions causing the decline and eventual death of a tree….
mortality spiral
in a mechanical advantage pulley system, the pulley that moves
moving block
a fall protection system in which the rope adjustment device advances along a moving line. Doubled rope technique (DdRT) or running rope systems are examples of moving rope systems (contrast with stationary rope system).
moving rope system
