Glossary I

Question 1

diagnostic aid to help identify plants and other organisms….

Answer 1

identification key

Question 2

in Integrated Vegetation Management (IVM), a vegetation condition that could cause damage or interruption of service to overhead energized facilities or pipelines at any moment.

Answer 2

imminent threat

Question 3

surface that does not allow for infiltration and/or penetration of liquids….

Answer 3

impervious

Question 4

device, capsule, or pellet inserted into the tree’s xylem system to treat or prevent diseases, disorders, or pest problems. Requires a relatively large diameter and deep hole in the trunk. Contrast with macroinfusion, macroinjection, and microinjection.

Answer 4

implant

Question 5

bark that becomes embedded in a crotch (union) between branch and trunk or between codominant stems. Causes a weak structure….

Answer 5

included bark

Question 6

vegetation that is undesirable, unsafe, or interferes with the intended use of the site….

Answer 6

incompatible vegetation

Question 7

device used to take core samples from trees to determine age or detect problems, such as decay….

Answer 7

increment borer

Question 8

continued growth due to continuing activity of the apical and lateral meristems. Contrast with determinate growth….

Answer 8

indeterminate growth

Question 9

plant species that exhibit early, reversible symptoms of drought stress and are specifically used in hydrozones to signal a need for watering….

Answer 9

indicator plant

Question 10

exposure to electrical current by touching any electrical conductor that is in contact with an energized conductor….

Answer 10

indirect contact

Question 11

capable of being spread to plants from other plants or organisms….

Answer 11

infectious

Question 12

the presence of a pest population on a host plant or group of plants….

Answer 12

infestation

Question 13

(1) downward entry of water into the soil. Contrast with percolation. (2) entry of fine particles into drainage or aeration systems; can lead to system clogging and failure. (3) downward entry of materials from one soil or fill layer to another, as when a gravel road surface mixes with underlying soil.

Answer 13

infiltration

Question 14

speed at which water penetrates the soil….

Answer 14

infiltration rate

Question 15

cluster of flowers

Answer 15

infloresence

Question 16

trees and shrubs field grown in fabric bags, commonly called grow bags. Contrast with balled and burlapped, bare root, container grown, and containerized….

Answer 16

in-ground fabric-bag grown

Question 17

injection of a liquid substance into a plant or soil….

Answer 17

injection

Question 18

in soil science, microorganisms (e.g., mycorrhizae fungi) that are introduced into the soil in order to improve growth or plant health….

Answer 18

inoculants

Question 19

part of a pathogen that enters the host and can cause disease….

Answer 19

inoculum

Question 20

compound or substance not containing carbon. Not containing organic material. Contrast with organic. …

Answer 20

inorganic

Question 21

mineral fertilizer, not coming from plant or animal sources. Contrast with organic fertilizer….

Answer 21

inorganic fertilizer

Question 22

substances, man-made or naturally occurring in insects, that affect growth and development of insects….

Answer 22

insect growth regulators

Question 23

soap-based pesticides approved for application to plants to kill insects and certain mites by disrupting the cell membranes

Answer 23

insecticidal soaps

Question 24

substances toxic to insects….

Answer 24

insecticides

Question 25

stage of growth between molts in the development of insect larvae….

Answer 25

instar

Question 26

method of controlling plant pests by combining biological, cultural, mechanical, physical, and/or chemical management strategies….

Answer 26

Integrated Pest Management (IPM)

Question 27

system of managing plant communities in which compatible and incompatible vegetation are identified, action thresholds are considered, control methods are evaluated, and selected control(s) are implemented to achieve a specific objective. Choice of control methods is based on effectiveness, environmental impact, site characteristics, safety, security, and economics.

Answer 27

Integrated Vegetation Management (IVM)

Question 28

between the nodes on a stem….

Answer 28

internodal

Question 29

region of the stem between two successive nodes. Contrast with node….

Answer 29

internode

Question 30

yellowing of interveinal tissue

Answer 30

interveinal chlorosis

Question 31

leaf tissue between the veins or vascular bundles….

Answer 31

interveinal tissue

Question 32

organisms not native to a region. Contrast with exotic species, native species, and naturalized species….

Answer 32

introduced species

Question 33

in Plant Health Care, the intentional release or planting of a non-native species within a landscape….

Answer 33

introduction

Question 34

non-native organisms likely to spread, disrupting the natural balance of an ecosystem….

Answer 34

invasive species

Question 35

atom or a group of atoms with a positive or negative charge….

Answer 35

ion

Question 36

an arborist who has passed an independent exam administered by the International Society of Arboriculture, and maintains the credential through continuing education. …

Answer 36

ISA Certified Arborist®

Question 37

suite of software products and management tools that allows the user to inventory the urban forest and analyze its costs, benefits, and management needs….

Answer 37

i-Tree