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Britain 1865-1915 > Gladstone 1868-74 > Flashcards

Gladstone 1868-74 Flashcards

1
Q

When was the Irish Church Act passed?

A

1869

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2
Q

What did the Disestablishment of the Church Act mean?

A

Anglican Church would no longer be state church, commencing 1st Jan 1871

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3
Q

£16 million of Irish Church property was compensated with what?

A

£5 million plus £9 Poor Law Board (as relief)

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4
Q

When was the Land Act passed?

A

1870

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5
Q

What did the Land act do?

A

Aimed to give compensation for evicted tennants

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6
Q

What did the Irish University Bill of 1873 propose?

A

Separation University of Dublin from Trinity

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7
Q

Who opposed the Irish Church Act?

A

Irish Anglicans and Conservatives

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8
Q

Why did Gladstone’s Acts anger Irish landowners?

A

Challenged their property rights

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9
Q

What happened with regard to the Irish Universities Bill?

A

Gladstone defeated by 3 votes and offered to resign but Disraeli refused to form a ministry

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10
Q

When was the National Education League formed?

A

1869, set up by Joseph Chamberlain

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11
Q

When was the University Tests Act?

A

1871

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12
Q

What did the University Tests Act mean?

A

Restrictions on non-Anglicans removed: they could now get scholarships and fellowships, could also become teachers

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13
Q

What did the 1868 Public Schools Act do?

A

Revised governing bodies of Clarendon Schools

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14
Q

When was the Elementary Education Act?

A

1870

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15
Q

What did the Elementary Education Act do?

A

Created dual system, caught Britain up with Prussia and USA

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16
Q

What did the NEL do in response to the 1870 Education Act not meeting their demands?

A

Ran candidates against the Liberals in the 1874 election

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17
Q

When was the Crimean War?

A

1854-56

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18
Q

What did the 1870 War Office Act do?

A

Split the war office into: commander in chief, general secretary and financial secretary

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19
Q

When was the Army Regulation Act?

A

1871

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20
Q

What did the Army Regulation act do?

A

Increased army from 200k to 487k as well as dividing the country into military regions

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21
Q

How was the abolition of purchase of commission introduced in 1871?

A

By Royal Warrant

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22
Q

When were Home Office positions to be open to competition?

A

June 1870 (examinations)

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23
Q

Who pressured for licensing reform?

A

UK Alliance and the Band of Hope Union

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24
Q

What did the 1872 Licensing Act do?

A

Fixed opening hours of institutions and checked for adulteration of beer

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25
Who did the 1872 Licensing Act upset?
Liberals said it was too lenient | Angered brewing interest and 'drinking masses'
26
What did the 1872 Ballot Act do?
Allowed secret vote
27
What did the 1871 Trade Union Act do?
Gave TUs legal protection
28
What did the 1871 Criminal Law Amendment Act do?
Aimed to prevent strikes, made intimidation illegal
29
What was the Gas Strokers' Case?
December 1872 - declared that unionists could be charged with intimidation
30
What did the 1873 Supreme Court of Judicature Act do?
Established Supreme Court, split into High Court and Court of Appeal
31
What did the Local Government Act 1871 do?
Set up Local Government Board under local minister, responsible for health and PLAA
32
When was the Public Health Act?
1872
33
What did the Public Health Act do?
Established Urban and Rural Sanitary Unions, responsible for local level public health
34
What were the aims of the Irish Land Act?
'Pacify' Ireland through meeting Tenure League demands, tenants to benefit from 3Fs
35
What was the Ulster Custom?
Meant that tenants would receive compensation for being evicted - for any reason other than failure to pay
36
What was the 'John Bright' clause?
Allowed tenants to purchase land for 2/3 of the price, through government grants
37
What were the aims of the 1873 University Bill?
Address issue of religion in education and to support Catholics in education
38
What did the University Bill propose?
Split Dublin from Trinity, Dublin wouldn't have to teach philosophy to avoid controversy, professors wouldn't have to be Anglican
39
What did the Irish Church Act aim to do?
Settle Irish grievances: 80% were Catholic, 10% nonconformist and just 690k of 5.7mil were Anglican
40
What did the Disestablishment of the Church Act mean?
Church of Ireland no longer state church post 1871, Anglican bishops to be elected by diocesan synods, £16mil of property compensated with £5mil plus £9mil to Poor Law Board as relief, Maynooth Grant abolished
41
Who supported the Liberals?
Liberation Society (led by Mill), New Model Unions, Provincial Newspapers (eg Manchester Guardian, Leeds Mercury, Newcastle Chronicle)
42
When was the Franco-Prussian War?
1870-71
43
When did Gladstone get involved in the Franco-Prussian War?
When it was over - helped negotiate reparations down to 5billion francs
44
Why did Gladstone not want to get involved in the Franco-Prussian War?
Policy of retrenchment - war was very expesive
45
When did Russia want to revoke the Black Sea Clauses?
At the height of the Franco-Prussian war
46
Why was Britain concerned about Russia?
Thought they were gaining too much influence in the Mediterranean and Black Sea area
47
When did Gladstone invite Russian representatives to London?
March 1871
48
Why did Gladstone settle on revoking the Black Sea Clauses?
Non-interventionism, pressure from Russia
49
When was the Alabama Award?
1872
50
What did USA claim Britain had done?
Breached neutrality - Confederate raiders (built in Cheshire) damaged a merchant fleet during the American Civil War
51
What happened at the Treaty of Washington in 1871?
Arbitration. Gladstone agreed to pay £3.25million by September 1872, rather than the £9mil originally demanded
52
What did Disraeli say Gladstone will do to the Empire?
'Dismantle the Empire'
53
Which 'white dominions' did Gladstone withdraw from?
eg Canada and New Zealand
54
What was given to the Canadian PM?
A knighthood
55
When did Britain withdraw from Gambia?
June 1870
56
When was the Cape Colony given independence?
1872
57
What did Gladstone say about imperial defence?
Self-governing colonies should handle internal defence
58
Who threatened the Gold Coast Colony in 1873?
King Coffee Calcalli of Ashanti
59
When was the Ashanti War?
1873-74
60
When did the Conservatives undergo revival?
From 1867
61
What happened at the Free Trade Hall in Manchester?
National Union ofConservative Associations addressed 6k+ people for three hours
62
Who was appointed Principle Party Agent for the Conservatives in 1867?
John Gorst
63
When was a new Conservative HQ established?
1871
64
What did the National Union do?
Coordinated work of constituency associations
65
When did Disraeli refuse to take office and why?
Feb 1874 - allowed the Liberals to disintergrate
66
Where did Disraeli outline his 1874 election policy plan?
Manchester and Crystal Palace
67
How many Liberals pledged to remove the disapointing Education Act?
200 of 425
68
Who introduced led the introduction of army and civil service reform?
Cardwell
69
When did Gladstone agree to the principle of female emancipation?
1869
70
When was the Married Women Property Act?
1870
71
What did the Married Women's Property Act do?
Gave married women legal status and allowed women to keep £200 of her own earnings

Britain 1865-1915 (11 decks)

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