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Britain 1865-1915 > 1865-67 > Flashcards

1865-67 Flashcards

1
Q

When was tax on newspapers removed?

A

1861

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2
Q

Who made up the Liberal Party?

A

Whigs, Peelites, Liberals, Radicals

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3
Q

When did Gladstone and Russell draw up their Reform Bill?

A

March 1866

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4
Q

What did the Reform Bill propose?

A

£7 qualification in towns/boroughs (present £10) and £14 qualification in counties

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5
Q

Who opposed the Bill, saying it went too far?

A

Conservatives, as well as around 40 right wing liberals, led by Lowe

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6
Q

What did Lowe say the Bill would do?

A

Give political power to the ‘ignorant’

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7
Q

Why did Lowe reject lowering the franchise qualification?

A

Didn’t want those who ‘have no decency or morality’ to be enfranchised

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8
Q

What did Lowe call the vote?

A

A ‘privilege of citizenship’

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9
Q

When was the amended version of the Bill passed?

A

June 1866

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10
Q

When did Russell resign?

A

June 1866

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11
Q

Why did Russell resign?

A

Due to lack of support for his new Bill

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12
Q

What did Forster say in Bradford on 22 November 1866?

A

Reform was not only necessary, but expected

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13
Q

Who were the Adullamites?

A

Led by Elcho, group of Liberals

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14
Q

What happened when Liberals proposed prevention of corruption?

A

Liberals put in minority by Adullamites (238 to 248) - 26 Liberals joined the opposition

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15
Q

Who put forward the amended Bill?

A

Dunkellion

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16
Q

What happened when the amended Bill was put forward?

A

Defeated by 11 votes

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17
Q

When did the Queen ask Derby to form government?

A

26th June 1866

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18
Q

What position did Disraeli hold in Derby’s new ministry?

A

Chancellor

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19
Q

When did Disraeli note the need for ‘dramatic’ reform to keep Conservative control of Commons?

A

11 February 1867

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20
Q

When did Disraeli commit to a new bill?

A

14 Feb 1867

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21
Q

When did Disraeli introduce his Reform Bill?

A

25th Feb 1867

22
Q

Who’s radical proposals did Disraeli accept?

A

Hodgkinson’s

23
Q

Who helped the transition of the bill through Lords, and how?

A

Derby - he convinced them it would result in convervative victory at the next election

24
Q

To whom did the 1867 Reform Act extend the franchise in boroughs?

A

All male householders over 21 and to lodgers who paid £10 a year on rent (had to live at same address for 12 months)

25
Q

To whom did the 1867 Reform Act extend the franchise to in the counties?

A

40 shilling freeholders (as of 1832 Act), £5 copyholders and £12 tennants

26
Q

How many seats were taken from boroughs smaller than 10k population?

A

53

27
Q

How many seats were given to English counties?

A

25

28
Q

How many seats were given to English boroughs and towns?

A

20

29
Q

How many seats were given to Scottish burghs and counties?

A

8

30
Q

Why did the newly enfranchised support the Liberals?

A

Due to their consistent support of the Reform Act

31
Q

How did the 1867 Reform Act change the number of voters?

A

Increased from 1.2mil to 2.5mil, roughly 1/3 of men could vote

32
Q

Why was victory for artisans limited?

A

Due to redistribution of seats (eg Manchester, Liverpool, Birmingham only gained one extra seat in addition to the two they already had - distribution of seats didn’t reflect population)

33
Q

Which areas were over/under represented?

A

Over - rural areas

Under - midlands, north and Scotland

34
Q

What population did boroughs that had 2MPs have?

A

10k-400k

35
Q

Why did an increased electorate lead to the 1870 Education Act?

A

Politicians saw it necessary to educate new voters

36
Q

When was the Ballot Act passed?

A

1872

37
Q

Why was the Ballot Act introduced?

A

Public votes, losing jobs for non vote, free money or beer during elections

38
Q

What did the 1867 parliamentary enquiry reveal?

A

Extent of corrupt practices - eg Lancaster bribed 1,400 voters with £14k in 1865 election

39
Q

What happened to Lancaster after the 1867 enquiry?

A

Disenfranchised

40
Q

What did Gladstone say in about artisans voting?

A

They should have the vote as they possessed ‘self control, respect, patience and confidence in law’

41
Q

What did Gladstone say in 1864 about the vote?

A

‘Every man is morally entitled’ to vote

42
Q

Why were people more interested in reform?

A

Events such as American Civil War and Italian unification movement

43
Q

When was the American Civil War?

A

1861-65

44
Q

How does Gladstone’s conversion link to USA Civil War?

A

Cotton supplies to Lancaster cut off due to Northern states blockade - cotton workers experienced hardship during ‘cotton famine’ with no complaint. Gladstone impressed at their restraint.

45
Q

What did Gladstone say during the cotton famine about artisans being excluded from the franchise?

A

It was ‘a scandal that such men should be excluded from the franchise’

46
Q

When was the Reform League set up?

A

1865

47
Q

When was the London Trades Council set up?

A

1866

48
Q

When was the Reform Union set up?

A

1864

49
Q

Why was Bright frustrated at the franchise?

A

His followers were his ‘countrymen, who have no political power, who are at work from the dawn of the day until evening, and who have therefore limited means of informing themselves on the great questions’

50
Q

When was the Tea Room Revolt?

A

April 1867

51
Q

What happened at the Tea Room Revolt?

A

Gladstone embarrassed by Disraeli - divided Liberals

Britain 1865-1915 (11 decks)

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