GI25 Flashcards
Acute pancreatitis:
- Causes
Autodigestion of pancreas by pancreatic enzymes
- Idiopathic
- Gallstones
- Ethanol
- Trauma
- Steroids
- Mumps
- Autoimmune
- Scorpion
- Hypercalcemia
- Hypertriglyceridemia (>1000)
- ERCP
- Drugs
“GET SMASHED”
Acute pancreatitis:
- Clinical presentation
- Epigastric abdominal pain (RADIATES to back)
- Anorexia
- Nausea
Acute pancreatitis:
- Labs
- Elevated amylase
- Lipase (higher specificity)
Acute pancreatitis:
- Main complication
Pancreatic pseudocyst
What is a pancreatic pseudocyst?
- Line by granulation tissue
- Not epithelium
- Can rupture and hemorrhage
Chronic pancreatitis:
- Findings
- Chronic inflammation
- Atrophy
- Calcification of the pancreas
- Can lead to pancreatic insufficiency
Chronic pancreatitis
- Causes
- Alcohol abuse
- Idiopathic
S/S of pancreatic insufficiency.
- Steatorrhea
- Fat-soluble vitamin deficiency
- Diabetes mellitus
- INcreased risk of pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Chronic pancreatitis:
- Labs
- Elevated amylase
- Lipase
*LESS Elevated compared to Acute pancreatitis
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma:
- General characteristics
- Prognosis 6 months or less
- Tumor arising from Pancreatic Ducts
- Usually already mets at presentation
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma:
- Common tumor site
Head of pancreas (obstructive jaundice)
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma:
- Tumor markers
- CA-19-9 tumor marker
- CEA (CarcinoEmbryonic Ag)
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma:
- Risk Factors
- Tobacco use (NOT EtOH)
- Chronic pancreatitis (especially > 20 years)
- Age > 50 years
- Jewish and African-American MALES
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma:
- Often presents with
- Abdominal pain radiating to back
- Weight loss
- Migratory thrombophlebitis
- Obstructive jaundice with palpable, nontender gallbladder
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma:
- Treatment
- Whipple procedure
- Chemotherapy
- Radiation therapy
