GI Meds and Treatments

Question 1

Antacids - drugs, mechanism, s/e

Answer 1

calcium carbonate
aluminum hydroxide
milk of magnesia

neutralize gastric acid

S/E:
constipation and N with calcium and aluminum
Diarrhea with magnesium
milk alkali syndrome

Question 2

H2 blockers drugs, mechanism, s/e

Answer 2

famotidine
ranitidine
cimetidine

Reversibly block H2 histamine receptors -> inhibit gastric acid secretion
-delayed onset, but longer duration

S/E:
HA
Diarrhea
thrombocytopenia
Cimetidine - gynecomastia and impotence

Question 3

Proton pump inhibitors drugs, mechanism, s/e

Answer 3

omeprazole
lansoprazole

Irreversibly inhibit H/K ATPase pump in parietal cells to block gastric acid secretion

S/E
Increase effects of medications: warfarin, benzodiazepines, phenytoin, digoxin, carbamazepine

Question 4

Medications protect GI mucosa

Answer 4

Sucralfate
bismuth subsalicylate
misoprostol - prostaglandin - use in prolonged NSAID use

Question 5

Treatment of H. pylori

Answer 5

PPI
Amoxicillin (metronidazole for pcn allergy)
clarithromycin

Question 6

Constipation meds

Answer 6

psyllium
polyethylene glycol
lubiprostone
linaclotide

Question 7

Diarrhea meds

Answer 7

loperamide - imodium

eluxadoline

Question 8

Antispasmodics

Answer 8

Abdominal pain/bloating

dicyclomine
hyoscyamine

Question 9

Treatment for Hepatitis B

Answer 9

Tenofovir
entecavir
telbivudine
lamivudine
adefovir

Pregnant with elevated HBV DNA - lamivudine

Baby - Hep B vaccine and Hep B IG within 12 hours of birth