GI - 7 Vitamin Deficiencies Flashcards
___ controls the formation of coagulation factors
Vitamin K
What does Vitamin K do?
Controls coagulation factors
___ shows how damaged/diseased the liver is
Prothrombin time
Main source of Vit K
Leafy vegetables
Most __ deficiency in US is due to alcoholism
thiamine
Thiamine deficiency is due to __
alcoholism
Thiamine is also known as
Vitamin B1
Vitamin B1 is also known as
Thiamine
Anorexia, muscle cramps, paresthesias, and irritability are early signs of what deficiency?
Thiamine aka B1
What is wet beriberi?
Thiamine advanced deficiency affecting CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
Thiamine advanced deficiency affecting CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
wet beriberi
What is dry beriberi?
Thiamine advanced deficiency affecting NERVOUS SYSTEM
What 2 systems are most sensitive to thiamine deficiency?
Cardiovascular system & nervous system
Marked peripheral vasodilation and increase in blood volume resulting in high-output heart failure
Wet beriberi
Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome causes what?
Thiamine deficiency - Dry beriberi
___ is an acute syndrome
Encephalopathy, oculomotor dysfunction, gait ataxia
Requires emergent treatment to prevent death and neurologic morbidity
If untreated it causes ___
Wernicke’s encephalopathy
If untreated causes Korsakoff’s syndrome
___ refers to a chronic neurologic condition that usually occurs as a consequence of WE
Amnesia, confabulation, and impaired learning
Korsakoff’s syndrome
If an alcoholic or homeless patient comes in, they just add ___ to their IV bag, assuming they are deficient.
Thiamine (b1)
Niacin is a term for:
nicotinic acid
Unlike most other vitamins __ can be synthesized from the amino acid ___
Niacine can be synth’d from tryptophan
Found in any type of meat, helps make ATP
Niacin
___ is used therapeutically for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia
Niacin
Niacin is also known as
Vitamin B3
dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia is caused by ___ deficiency. What is this called?
**Pellagra – caused by Niacin deficiency
Niacin deficiency can be effectively treated with
Nicotinamide
Poor, the elderly, and chronic alcoholics
Dietary inadequacy
Chronic illnesses (ie. Ca, chronic renal failure)
Smokers are all at risk for
Vit C deficiency
Splinter hemorrhages, bleeding gums
Poor wound healing are details of __ caused by __
Scurvy. Vit C deficiency
Which deficiency would cause any bleeding at all?
Vitamin C deficiency
___ deficiency common particularly in developing countries.
Vitamin A deficiency
Most common cause of night blindness
Vitamin A deficiency
Vitamin A causes what?
Night blindness. A! Who turned out the lights! >:Ü
In the US vitamin A deficiency is usually due to (2)
fat malabsorption syndromes or mineral oil laxative abuse
What is usually caused by fat malabsorption syndromes or mineral oil laxative abuse?
Vitamin A deficiency
Night blindness is the earliest symptom.
Dryness of the conjunctiva (xerosis)
Development of small white patches on the conjunctiva (Bitot’s spots) are early manifestations of
Vitamin A deficiency
___ deficiency decreases the intestinal absorption of calcium and is the most common cause of osteomalacia.
Vitamin D
____ – dependent ___ is caused by a rare autosomal recessive defect in renal synthesis of 1,25(OH)2D
Vitamin D–dependent rickets type I
Tx for both types of Vitamin D–dependent rickets is
Oral calcitriol
It seems like the treatment for any vitamin deficiency is:
Give them some of that vitamin.
Oral calcium comes in what forms? (2)
calcium citrate or calcium carbonate
