GI - 11 Colon disorders pt 2 Flashcards
___ is believed to be caused by being deficient in fiber
Colonic diverticulOSIS
__ – a marker for colon cancer. If they have colon cancer, follow the level through their treatment.
Remove cancer and this level normalizes.
CEA level
What is CEA level?
– a marker for colon cancer. If they have colon cancer, follow the level through their treatment.
Remove cancer and CEA level normalizes.
__ is the diagnostic procedure of choice to inspect the colon
Colonoscopy
What imaging test identifies Recttal cancer?
endorectal ultrasonography (Depth of penetration of cancer through rectal wall and pararectal lymph nodes)
treatment of choice of the primary colonic or rectal cancer is
Resection
As of Stage _of rectal cancer: Give chemotherapy
Stage 3
What’s the significance of Stage 3 of rectal cancer?
Giving chemotherapy significantly helps chances
Compared with __ cancer, __ cancer has lower longterm survival rates and higher recurrence rate
Compared with colon cancer, rectal cancer has lower longterm survival rates and higher recurrence rate
Increased among people practicing receptive anal intercourse
Anal Cancer
What group has a higher chance of anal cancer?
Anal intercourse folk.
In over 80% of cases of anal cancer __ is detected
HPV
In which colon cancer is HPV often detected?
Anal Cancer
Bleeding, pain with defecation are most common symptoms
Anal Cancer
Acute Lower GI Bleeding happens below what landmark?
Below the ligament of Treitz
**Presents as acute, painless, large-volume maroon or bright red hematochezia in patients over age 50
Diverticulosis’ bleeding
Bleeding Diverticulum is seen with __
colonoscopy
__ is Most common in patients >70 years and in those with chronic renal failure
Occur throughout the upper and lower intestinal tracts
Vascular Ectasias
Brown stools mixed with blood predict the problem is in the __ or __ (where in the body?)
Sigmoid colon or anus
Bright red blood in stool suggests the problem is where?
Colon
Maroon stools suggest the problem is where? (2)
Small intestine or Right colon
Black stools suggest the problem is where?
Proximal to the ligament of Treitz
Where is the ligament of Treitz?
connects the duodenum of the small intestine to the diaphragm.
Painless large-volume bleeding usually suggests (2)
diverticular bleeding or vascular ectasias
Bloody diarrhea associated with cramping abdominal pain, urgency, or tenesmus suggests (3)
inflammatory bowel disease, infectious colitis, or ischemic colitis
What do you do if a patient has lower GI bleeding?
First check if lower GI bleeding starts in Upper GI or not with NG tube aspiration.
If not: Do colonoscopy
Bleeding that is not apparent (not at all) to the patient is called:
Occult Lower GI Bleeding
What identifies Occult Lower GI Bleeding?
FOBT (fecal occult blood test)
