GI 2 Flashcards
UC, jaundice, abdominal pain, raised ALP, AMA negative
Primary sclerosing cholangitis
80yo, thirst, pain tiredness, depression, bone pain and constipation
Hypercalcaemia
Give some examples of symptoms of hypothyroidism
cold intolerance, weight gain, hoarse voice, menorrhagia, constipation and depression
cold intolerance, weight gain,hoarse voice, menorrhagia, constipation and depression
Hypothyroidism
When is barium emena contraindication and why?
In suspected diverticular disease, because of risk of perforation
Name a side effect of Ferrous sulphate tablets which are used to treat anaemia
Constipation and black stools
Air under diaphragm
Perforated viscus- eg colon
Constipated patient with an “inverted U loop” of bowel
Sigmoid volvolus
Haustral pattern and colonic dilatation of 8cm
toxic megacolon
Severe epigastric pain and vomiting, abdominal film shows absent psoas shadow and “sentinel loop” of proximal jejunum
Acute pancreatitis
Treatment for perforated gastric ulcer
Surgical emergency, requires laparotomy
Treatment for severe oesphagitis confirmed on endoscopy
High dose proton pump inhibitor initially then low dose therapy continued when healed
Treatment for Cirrhosis bleeding with haematemesis
Upper Gi endoscopy
Upper GI bleeding in patient with known cirrhosis
Variceal bleeding
Acute upper GI bleeding in patient in non cirrhotic patient
Peptic ulcer disease
Treatment in severe UC with fever, tachycardia and abdominal distension
IV Hydrocortisone
Treatment for suspected IBS with colicky abdominal pain and bloating
Mebeverine
Sympathetic nervous system hyperactivity- sweating, tachycardia, hypertension, high glucocorticoid secretion
Features of alcohol withdrawal
ALT>1000
Viral, drug reaction or ischaemic hepatitis
Name some recognised causes of diarrhoea
Chronic pancreatitis, Thyroxicosis, Carcinoid syndrome, Diabetes mellitus
How does aspirin damage the gastric mucosa?
Through reduced surface mucus secretion
Distension of small and large bowel on AXR
Small bowel dilated >3cm
Large bowel dilated >5.5cm
Patient with high risk GI bleed
Hypotensive, haemetemesis or malaena, postural hypotension and co-morbidity…urgent endoscopy
Patient with low risk GI bleeding
coffee ground vomitus and CV parameters are normal
Only condition with more dysphagia for liquids than solids as a result of uncoordinated peristalsis
Oesophageal dysmotility- likely to dismotility
Child aged 2months-2 years, Sausage shaped abdominal mass, inconsolable crying and colicky pain, red current like jelly bleeding
Intussusception
Drug treatment for Pseudomembranous Colitis
Metronidazole
Non Caseating Granuloma- UC, Crohn’s or both?
Crohns
Dermatitis Herpetiformis
Rash found in coeliac disease
What should be done promptly in the acute management for a patient presenting with ascites with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis?
Diagnostic Paracentesis Tap
Most common peptic ulcer?
Duodenal
What is the use of the PABA test?
Pancreatic Insufficiency
