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Wine Connoisseur > Germany > Flashcards

Germany Flashcards

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0
Q

Pinot Noir in Germany is…

A

Spatburgunder

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1
Q

Germany highlights…

A

Today the German industry is highlighted by small estates known for world class Riesling made in a range of fruity and dry styles. Pinot noir, known as Spatburgunder, has also recently made great strides in quality in Avery short period of time.

60% white wines
252,000 acres under vine
1.3% of the world's vineyards
Making wine since 300's AD
German wine law of 1971
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2
Q

Primary white grape varieties are:

A 
Riesling
Muller-Thurgau
Sylvaner 
Scheurebe
Weissburgunder (Pinot Blanc)
Grauburgunder (Pinot Gris)
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3
Q

Primary red grape varieties:

A

Spatburgunder (Pinot Noir)
Dornfelder
Portugieser

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4
Q

Wine classifications…

A

Deutscher Wein: German table wine

Landwein: Regional wine

Qualitatswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete (QbA): quality wine from one of the 13 major regions

Qualitatswein mit Pradikat (QmP): quality wine determined by the degrees of ripeness at harvest. Only classification that cannot be chaptalized; six pradikate or levels of quality ranging from driest to sweetest

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5
Q

What Deutscher Wein means?

A

German table wine

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6
Q

What Landwein means?

A

Regional wine

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7
Q

What Qualitatswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete or QbA means?

A

Quality wine from one of the 13 major regions

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8
Q

What Qualitatswein mit Predikat or QmP means?

A

Quality determined by the degree of ripeness at harvest.

Only classification that cannot be Chaptalized

Six pradikate or levels of quality ranging from driest to sweetest

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9
Q

What is the only classification that cannot be Chaptalized?

A

QmP or Qualitatswein mit Pradikat

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10
Q

How many pradikate or levels of quality are?

A

Six, ranging from driest to sweetest

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11
Q

What are the six QmP’s pradikate?

A 
Kabinett
Spatlese
Auslese
Beerenauslese (BA)
Eiswein
Trockenbeerenauslese (TBA)
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12
Q

Please define Kabinett…

A

Kabinett - literally “cabinet”, meaning wine of reserve quality to be kept in the vintner’s cabinet
fully ripened light wines from the main harvest, typically semi-sweet with crisp acidity, but can be dry if designated so.

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13
Q

Please define Spatlese…

A

Spätlese - meaning “late harvest”
typically semi-sweet, often (but not always) sweeter and fruitier than Kabinett. The grapes are picked at least 7 days after normal harvest, so they are riper. While waiting to pick the grapes carries a risk of the crop being ruined by rain, in warm years and from good sites much of the harvest can reach Spätlese level. Spätlese can be a relatively full-bodied dry wine if designated so. While Spätlese means late harvest the wine is not as sweet as a dessert wine, as the “late harvest” term is often used in US wines.

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14
Q

Please define Auslese…

A

Auslese - meaning “select harvest”
made from very ripe, hand selected bunches, typically semi-sweet or sweet, sometimes with some noble rot character. Sometimes Auslese is also made into a powerful dry wine, but the designation Auslese trocken has been discouraged after the introduction of Grosses Gewächs. Auslese is the Prädikat which covers the widest range of wine styles, and can be a dessert wine.

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15
Q

Please define Beerenauslese…

A

Beerenauslese - meaning “select berry harvest”
made from overripe grapes individually selected from bunches and often affected by noble rot, making rich sweet dessert wine.

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16
Q

Please define Eiswein (ice wine)…

A

Eiswein (ice wine)
made from grapes that have been naturally frozen on the vine, making a very concentrated wine. Must reach at least the same level of sugar content in the must as a Beerenauslese. The most classic Eiswein style is to use only grapes that are not affected by noble rot. Until the 1980s, the Eiswein designation was used in conjunction with another Prädikat (which indicated the ripeness level of the grapes before they had frozen), but is now considered a Prädikat of its own

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17
Q

Please define Trockenbeerenauslese…

A

Trockenbeerenauslese - meaning “select dry berry harvest” or “dry berry selection”
made from selected overripe shrivelled grapes often affected by noble rot making extremely rich sweet wines. “Trocken” in this phrase refers to the grapes being dried on the vine rather than the resulting wine being a dry style.

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18
Q

Please define Weißwein - white wine

A

Weißwein - white wine

May be produced only from white varieties. This designation is seldom used.

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19
Q

Please define Rotwein - red wine

A

Rotwein - red wine
May be produced only from red varieties with sufficient maceration to make the wine red. Sometimes used for clarification if the producer also makes rosés from the same grape variety.

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20
Q

Please define Roséwein - rosé wine

A

Roséwein - rosé wine

Produced from red varieties with a shorter maceration, the wine must have pale red or clear red color.

21
Q

Please define Weißherbst - rosé wine or blanc de noirs

A

Weißherbst - rosé wine or blanc de noirs
A rosé wine which must conform to special rules: must be QbA or Prädikatswein, single variety and be labelled with the varietal name. There are no restrictions as to the color of the wine, so they range from pale gold to deep pink. Weißherbst wines also range from dry to sweet, such as rosé Eiswein from Spätburgunder.

22
Q

Extra ripeness or higher quality…

A

Extra ripeness or higher quality:
Some producers also use additional propriate designations to denote quality or ripeness level within a Prädikat. These are out of the scope of the German wine law. Especially for Auslese, which can cover a wide range of sweetness levels, the presence of any of these designations tends to indicate a sweet dessert wine rather than a semi-sweet wine. These designations are all unregulated.

23
Q

Please define Goldkapsel - gold capsule…

A

Goldkapsel - gold capsule:
A golden capsule or foil on the bottle. Denotes a wine considered better by the producer. Usually means a Prädikatswein that is sweeter or more intense, or indicates an auction wine made in a very small lot.
Stars , ** or **
Usually means that a Prädikatswein has been harvested at a higher level of ripeness than the minimum required, and can mean that the wine is sweeter or more intense.

24
Q

Please define Fuder (vat) numbers…

A

Fuder (vat) numbers:
Usually indicated for better wines and often the numbers are arranged in some logical order, although the same numbers need not return in each vintage. This practice seems to be most common for semi-sweet and sweet wines in the Mosel region.

25
Q

Please define Liebfraumilch or Liebfrauenmilch:

A

Liebfraumilch or Liebfrauenmilch:
A semi-sweet QbA from the Rheingau, Nahe, Rheinhessen or Pfalz, consisting at least 70% of the varieties Riesling, Müller-Thurgau, Silvaner or Kerner. In practice there is very little Riesling in Liebfraumilch since varietally labelled Riesling wines tend to fetch a higher price. Liebfraumilch may not carry a varietal designation on the label. Liebfraumilch is probably Germany’s most notorious wine type, and is in principle a medium-quality wine designation although more commonly perceived to be a low-quality wine both at home and on the export market.

26
Q

What is Moseltaler?

A

Moseltaler:
An off-dry/semi-sweet QbA cuvée from Mosel made from the following white grape varieties: Riesling, Müller-Thurgau, Elbling and Kerner. May not carry a varietal designation on the label, and sold under a uniform logotype. Must have a residual sugar of 15-30 grams per liter and a minimum acidity of 7 grams per liter. Basically a Liebfraumilch-lookalike from Mosel.

27
Q

Please define Riesling Hochgewächs - Riesling high growth…

A

Riesling Hochgewächs - Riesling high growth:
A varietally pure Riesling QbA with at least 1.5% (approx 10°Oe) higher potential alcohol than the minimum requirements for QbA in the region. Must also receive a higher grade (3 out of 5 rather than 1.5 out of 5) in the mandatory quality testing.

28
Q

What is Rotling?

A

Rotling:

A wine produced from a mixture of red and white varieties. A Rotling must have pale red or clear red color

29
Q

What is Schillerwein?

A

Schillerwein:

A Rotling from the Württemberg wine-growing region, which must be QbA or Prädikatswein.

30
Q

What is Badisch Rotgold?

A

Badisch Rotgold:
A Rotling from the Baden wine-growing region, which must be QbA or Prädikatswein. It must be made from Grauburgunder and Spätburgunder and the varieties must be specified on the label.

31
Q

What Einzellage means?

A

Single vineyard (2,715)

32
Q

What Grosslage means?

A

Collection of vineyards (163)

33
Q

What Bereich means?

A

District of villages & vineyards (34)

34
Q

What Anbaugebiete means?

A

A major growing region (13)

35
Q

Mosel Valley climate:

A

Continental. South or SW aspect On Steep vineyards close to rivers for sun exposure/climate moderation

36
Q

What grape is the king in Mosel Valley?

A

Riesling

37
Q

What kind of soil is in Mosel Valley?

A

Slate

38
Q

Wine styles in Mosel Valley…

A 
Delicacy 
Purity of fruit 
Racy acidity
Terroir
Low alcohol
Age-worthy
39
Q

Rheingau primary grape varieties (white and red)…

A

Riesling

Spatburgunder (Pinot Noir)

40
Q

Rheingau wine styles:

A

Richer wines than Mosel
Great aging potential
Trocken wines important
Erstes Gewachs

41
Q

Define Erstes Gewachs…

A 
Erstes Gewächs:
(first class growth), a designation used only in Rheingau for top-level dry wines from selected sites.
42
Q

Rheinhessen primary grape varieties (white):

A

Muller-Thurgau
Silvaner
Riesling
Scheurebe

43
Q

Define Grosses Gewächs…

A

Grosses Gewächs:
(great growth), a designation used by VDP members in all regions except Mosel and Rheingau to designate top-level dry wines from selected sites. Used by the organisation Bernkasteler Ring for the same purpose in Mosel.

44
Q

Define Erste Lage:

A 
Erste Lage:
(first class site), a designation used by VDP to denote selected sites suitable for Erstes Gewächs and Grosses Gewächs wines. Also used by VDP in Mosel in conjunction with a Prädikat to design top-level wines from these selected sites. Erste Lage QbA is used for the dry wines.
45
Q

Define Charta Riesling…

A

Charta Riesling:
a 100% Rheingau Riesling of QbA or Prädikat quality with a residual sugar ranging from 9-18 grams/liter (off-dry) and a minimum acidity of 7.5 grams/liter. The wines must achieve higher starting must weights than required by law and undergo sensory testing by a special panel (in addition to the A.P.Nr. procedure). Uniform packaging.

46
Q

What is Reinhessen?

A

is the largest of 13 German wine regions

47
Q

Pfalz specifics…

A

Warmer climate
Great diversity of soil types
Trocken wines important
Grosses Gewachs

48
Q

Pfalz primary grape varieties…

A 
Riesling
Scheurebe
Grauburgunder
Muller-Thurgau
Spatburgunder (Pinot Noir)
49
Q

Define Anbaugebiete…

A

Anbaugebiet, wine growing regions, of which there are 13. Anbaugebiet is always indicated on the label of QbA and Prädikatswein.

50
Q

Other notable Anbaugebieten…

A

Ahr Valley (400 ha): mostly red wines from Spatburgunder and Portugieser; volcanic slate soils

Nahe: area around Schlossbockelheim and Bad Kreuznach; best wines from Riesling

Franken (Franconia): wines from Silvaner, Riesling and Muller-Thurgau; wines traditionally bottled in Bocksbeutel

Wine Connoisseur (37 decks)

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