Geology Quiz 1: Chapters 1-3 Flashcards
Define Principle of uniformity
the scientific thought that past processes are no different than the processes today, meaning everything happens by gradual process over very long periods of time
Define sediment
natural materials broken down by processes of erosion and weathering can be transported or deposited by water or wind
Define metamorphosis
a process of heat and pressure that causes one rock to alter into another
There are two ways of thinking about the unobserved past. What are they?
uniformity (the present is the key to the past); catastrophe (highly energetic events operated over short periods of time and did much geologic work rapidly)
In what order did God create the heavens and the earth?
Day 1: earth, space, time, light; Day 2: Atmosphere; Day 3; dry land, plants; Day 4: sun , moon, stars, planets; Day 5: sea and flying creatures; Day 6: land animals, people
What are the main “zones” into which the earth is divided?
crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
List the three types of mountains and give an example of each.
Folded - Alps, HImilayas, Appalachians, Rocky Mountains; domed: Black Hills of South Dakota; fault block: Grand Teron Mountains; volcanic: Hawaii’s volcanic islands, Mount Rainier, Mount St. Helens, Mt. Ararat
What category of rock does Granite belong to?
Igneous
What category of rock does Marble belong to?
Metamorphic
What category of rock does Shale belong to?
Classic Sedimentary
What category of rock does Limestone belong to?
Organic Chemical Sedentary
What category of rock does Coal belong to?
Organic Chemical Sedentary
What category of rock does Rhyolite belong to?
Igneous
What category of rock does Slate belong to?
Metamorphic
Define catastrope
The scientific thought that sees evidence of rapid, highly energetic events over short periods of time, doing a lot of geologic work
