Genomes, DNA, Genes and Alleles Flashcards
What is DNA?
The information that encodes how cells, tissues, and whole organisms how to be built and how they function
Which base pair has a double bond?
Adenine and Thymine
Which base pair has a triple bond?
Guanine and Cytosine
Which nitrogenous bases are purine (larger)?
Adenine and Guanine
Which nitrogenous bases are pyrimidines (smaller)
Thymine and Cytosine
What is the complementary strand to: TTACCTG
AATCCTG
What is a genome?
The sum of an organisms DNA
What are genes?
Sections of coding DNA that code for a specific protein in the body
What is an allele?
Different versions of some genes
What is Chargaff’s rule?
The amount of adenine is equal to thymine, the amount of cytosine is equal to guanine
What are the benefits of the HGP? (Human Genome Project)
Learning the human genome allows us to understand and identify where mutations are on the sequence
What is the function of genes?
To code for a protein
Where are genes located?
Locus/loci of a chromosome
How do genes differ?
They have different proteins they produce and control different phenotypes
How is a genome measured?
By the number of base pairs contained in a sex cell
