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TOP 300 > Genitourinary > Flashcards

Genitourinary Flashcards

1
Q

generic name and class

ditropan, gelnique top gel, oxytrol TD patch

A

generic: oxybutynin
class: antimuscarinics

drugs to stop peeing

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2
Q

indication

oxybutynin

A

overactive bladder and neurogenic bladder

primary hyperhidrosis – off label

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3
Q

MOA

oxybutynin

A

competitive muscarinic receptor antagonist; antispasmodic

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4
Q

major contraindication

oxybutynin

A

hypersensitivity, gastric retention, glaucoma, urinary retention

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5
Q

common ADRs

oxybutynin

A

constipation, xerostomia, blurred vision

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6
Q

rare but serious ADRs

oxybutynin

A

prolonged QTc interval, seizures, tachycardia

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7
Q

key counseling points

oxybutynin

A
  • anticholinergic
  • impaired cognitive function in elderly
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8
Q

other antimuscarinics in top 300

generic - brand

A
  • tolterodine - detrol
  • darifenacin - enablex
  • solifenacin - vesicare
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9
Q

indication

mirabegron

A

overactive bladder and neurogenic detrusor overactivity (adolescents)

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9
Q

generic name and class

myrbetriq

A

generic: mirabegron
class: beta 3 adrenergic receptor agonists

drugs to stop peeing

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10
Q

MOA

mirabegron

A

Activates β3-adrenergic receptors resulting in relaxation of the detrusor smooth muscle and increasing bladder capacity.

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11
Q

major contraindications

mirabegron

A

hypersensitivity

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12
Q

common ADRs

mirabegron

A

hypertension

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13
Q

rare but serious ADRs

mirabegron

A
  • atrial fibrillation
  • angioedema
  • hallucinations
  • increased liver function enzymes
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14
Q

key counseling points

mirabegron

A

monitor BP and HR and contact HCP for fast heartbeat or elevations in BP, bladder irritation or difficulty with urination

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15
Q

other beta 3 AR agonist in top 300

generic - brand

A

vibegron - gemtesa

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16
Q

generic name and class

proscar, propecia

A

generic: finasteride
class: 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors

drugs to help you pee

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17
Q

indication

finasteride

A

benign prostatic hyperplasia, male pattern alopecia

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18
Q

MOA

finasteride

A

inhibits the conversion of testosterone to 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by 5α-reductase, isoform 2. Results in decreases in static component of BPH (hyperplasia)

19
Q

major contraindication

finasteride

A
  • hypersensitivity
  • pregnancy
  • use in children
20
Q

common ADRs

finasteride

A
  • impotence
  • reduced libido
  • gynecomastia
  • dizziness
21
Q

rare but serious ADRs

finasteride

A
  • heart failure
  • angioedema
  • allergic skin rxns
  • male breast cancer
  • prostate cancer (high grade)
22
Q

key counseling points

finasteride

A
  • delayed effects (3 months alopecia, 3-6 month BPH)
  • absorption through skin or from semen can prevent development of genitalia in an unborn male.
  • Avoid blood donation as recipient may be pregnant.
23
Q

other 5-ARI in top 300

generic - brand

A

dutasteride - avodart

24
Q

generic name and class

flomax

A

generic: tamsulosin
class: alpha blockers

drugs to help you pee

25
Q

indication

tamsulosin

A

BPH

26
Q

MOA

tamsulosin

A

selectively block postsynaptic α1-adrenergic receptors, specifically alpha-1A (prostate) and alpha-1D (bladder neck) reducing dynamic muscle tone.

27
Q

major contraindications

tamsulosin

A

hypersensitivity

28
Q

common ADRs

tamsulosin

A
  • dizziness
  • headache
  • abnormal ejaculation
  • rhinitis
29
Q

rare but serious ADRs

tamsulosin

A

retinal detachment and priapism

30
Q

key counseling points

tamsulosin

A

orthostatic hypotension with 1st generation drugs. 2nd generation less likely to cause hypotension due to specificity to prostate receptors

31
Q

generic name and class

cialis and adcirca

A

generic: tadalafil
class: phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors

drug to help you pee and with sex

32
Q

indication

tadalafil

A

erectile dysfunction, BPH and pulmonary hypertension

33
Q

MOA

tadalafil

A

Inhibition of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) increases cyclic guanosine monophosphate (c-GMP); results in vascular smooth muscle relaxation resulting in increased blood flow into the corpus cavernosum (ED) and vasodilation in the pulmonary bed (Pulm HTN)

34
Q

major contraindication

tadalafil

A
  • hypersensitivity
  • concurrent nitrates
  • concurrent HIV protease inhibitors when used for treating pulm HTN
  • concurrent guanylate cyclase stimulators
35
Q

common ADRs

tadalafil

A
  • flushing
  • nausea
  • headache
  • visual disturbances
  • lack of blue/green color discrimination
36
Q

rare but serious ADRs

tadalafil

A

AMI, seizures, strokes, sudden hearing loss, priapism

37
Q

key counseling points

tadalafil

A

Take 30 min-4 h prior to anticipated sexual activity, but not more
frequently q24h. Sexual stimulation is required to initiate response; the
inhibition of PDE5 has no effect in the absence of sexual stimulation.

38
Q

other PDE5 inhibitors in top 300

generic - brand

A
  • sildenafil - viagra, revatio
  • vardenafil - levitra, staxyn
39
Q

generic name and class

pyridium, azo, uristat

A

generic: phenazopyridine
class: urinary tract analgesics

drugs to sstop it from hurting when you pee

40
Q

indication

phenazopyridine

A

dysuria

41
Q

MOA

phenazopyridine

A

topical analgesic effect on the mucosa of the urinary tract; relieves pain, burning, urgency, and frequency. The precise mechanism of action is not known

42
Q

major contraindications

phenazopyridine

A

hypersensitivity and renal failure

43
Q

common ADRs

phenazopyridine

A

GI upset

44
Q

rare but serious ADRs

phenazopyridine

A
  • anaphylaxis
  • methemoglobinemia
  • hemolytic anemia
  • hepatotoxicity
  • nephrotoxicity
45
Q

key counseling points

A

Drug may discolor urine and sclera to red or orange, causing staining
of undergarments and contact lenses. Take drug with food to minimize
gastric irritation. Limit to 2 days of therapy. (Young women misuse)

TOP 300 (19 decks)

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