Genital System II Flashcards
What is the key female gene?
Dax-1, suppresses formation of testes
What must be present for formation of gonads in females?
PGC
- If PGC doesnt make it to the genital ridge, you get streak gonads
What are oogonia?
Primitive germ cells in developing ovary
What is a result of rete tubule degeneration in development of ovary?
There is no direct duct outlet for the gametes, like in the male
What happens to the sex cords in ovary development?
Disappear completely and a defined cortical and non-germinal medually region form
What is the future infundibulum?
The paramesonephric duct enlarges and has an opening that will be the future infundibulum
Where are follicles in almost all domestic animals and primates confined to?
Cortex of the ovary
What is the equine exception in follicle development?
Development of follicles is confined to a more central region while non-follicular region is in the periphery of the ovary
How is the shape of the equine ovary different?
Portion of ovary becomes concave, is known as the OVULATION FOSSA.
What occurs at the ovulation fossa of horses?
Oocytes are released
Final Position of ovaries in the following species?
Dogs and Cats
Ovaries move only slightly
occupy area in the sub-lumbar region caudal to the kidneys
Final Position of ovaries in the following species?
Mare
Region between kidney and pelvic inlet
Final Position of ovaries in the following species?
Pigs and Cattle
Descent is pronounced
Position much closer to the pelvic inlet
What is the final position of the ovaries maintained by?
Ligaments
- Suspensory ligament of ovary
- Proper ligament of ovary
What does the cranial and caudal end of the paramesonephric duct become>
Cranial - Remains open (infundibulum) to the abdominal cavity
Caudal - Will begin to interact with urogenital sinus
Where do the paramesonephric ducts fuse together?
Fuse together near their attachment with the urogenital sinus
What are the different uterine types?
Duplex - 2 cervices
Bicornuate - Poorly to moderately developed uterine horn
Bicornuate - Highly developed uterine horns
Simplex - no uterine horns
Which species have Duplex uterine?
Marsupials
Rabbit
Which species have bicornuate with poorly to moderately developed uterine horns?
Mare
Cow
Which species have Bicornuate - highly developed uterine horns?
Bitch
Queen
Sow
Which species have simplex uterine types
Primate
As development proceeds what occurs at the caudal part of the urogenital sinus?
Small bud evaginates and fuses with the paramesonephric ducts
What is the future cranial vagina?
When paramesonephric fusion occurs, a more define cervix forms which is the future cranial vagina
What establishes a continuous duct system from exterior to interior?
Fusion of urogenital sinus with paramesonephric ducts
What does the vestibule originate from?
Urogenital sinus by invagination from the exterior skin
What tissue does the cranial vagina, cervix and uterus originate from?
Paramesonephric ducts that are from mesoderm
What does the caudal vagina and vestibule originate from?
Ectoderm that is part of urogenital sinus
What are the accessory glands of the female?
Urethral and Vestibular glands
What are the female homologues of male prostate and bulbourethral glands?
Urethral and vestibular glands respectively
What gives rise to the urethral and vestibular glands?
Epithelial buds from primitive urethra and urogenital sinus
Is the female and male gonad part of peritoneal or retroperitoneal
Male and Femal gonad and duct systems orginate from behind the peritoneum (retroperitoneal)
What becomes the future broad ligament?
Genital fold
What is the genital fold?
In the fusion process of the paramesonephric ducts, the reproductive tract is sandwiched between two layers of peritoneum called the genital fold
What is formed by the fusion of the cloacal folds?
Genital tubercle
What is the primary inducer of the development of female external genitalia?
Estrogen
What drives development of male external genitalia?
Androgens, particularly dihydrostestosterone
What occurs to the genital tubercle under dihydrotestosterone?
It elongates into the phallus
Formation of penile urethra?
Urogenital folds fuse enclosing the urethral groove
What occurs at tip of penis?
An ectodermal portion of tissue invaginates into the tip of the penis and will fuse with the endodermal cells lining the penile urethra
What is the derivative in the male and female reproductive system of the following embryonic structure?
Primordial Germ Cells
Male - Spermatozoa
Female - Ova
What is the derivative in the male and female reproductive system of the following embryonic structure?
Gonad
Male - Testis
Female - Ovary
What is the derivative in the male and female reproductive system of the following embryonic structure?
Sex Cords
Male - Seminferous tubules, Sertoli cells
Female - Follicular Cells
What is the derivative in the male and female reproductive system of the following embryonic structure?
Mesonephric Tubules
Male - Efferent Ductules
Female - N/A
What is the derivative in the male and female reproductive system of the following embryonic structure?
Mesonephric Duct
Male - Epididymis, Ductus Deferens, Seminal Vesicles
Female - N/A
What is the derivative in the male and female reproductive system of the following embryonic structure?
Paramesonephric Duct
Male - N/A
Female - Uterine Tube, Uterus, Cranial part of vagina
What is the derivative in the male and female reproductive system of the following embryonic structure?
Definitive Urogenital Sinus
Male- Pelvic Urethra, Prostate Gland, Bulbourethral Gland, Penile Urethra
Female - Vestibule , Associated Glands
What is the derivative in the male and female reproductive system of the following embryonic structure?
Genital Tubercle
Shaft of Penis
Clitoris
What is the derivative in the male and female reproductive system of the following embryonic structure?
Urogenital Folds
Male - Tissue around penile urethra
Female - Labia of vulva
What is the derivative in the male and female reproductive system of the following embryonic structure?
Genital Swellings
Male - Scrotum
Female - N/A
