Genetic Code

Question 1

Start codons

Answer 1

AUG or ATG

Question 2

Only amino acid with a single codon

Answer 2

Methionine. Start codon

Question 3

Stop codons

Answer 3

UAA, UGA, UAG

Question 4

How many possible transitions at 3rd spit result in amino acid change?

Answer 4

2. MET to Ile

Trp to stop

Question 5

3 six codon amino acids

Answer 5

Arg, Leu, Ser

Question 6

Transitions at positions 1 and two don’t affect what amino acid.

Answer 6

Leucine

Question 7

Transversion at position three is silent in how many cases?

Answer 7

8

Question 8

Frameshift mutation

Answer 8

Alter sequence length by any number that isn’t s multiple of three

Question 9

Structure of tRNA

Answer 9

Cloverleaf. One end with anticodon, one with attached amino acid(3’)

Question 10

Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase function

Answer 10

Recognizes anticodon and uses atP to attach proper amino acid to tRNA

Question 11

Base 1 wobble possibilities

Answer 11

U, G, I

Question 12

Where are ribosomes made?

Answer 12

Nucleolus

Question 13

Ribosomes made of?

Answer 13

Rna’s with two subunits, large and small. They are ribozymes, RNA enzymes

Question 14

Small subunit

Answer 14

Binding site for mRNA

Question 15

Large subunit

Answer 15

Docking sites for tRNA

Question 16

A docking site

Answer 16

tRNA docks here, passing amino acids to P site

Question 17

P site

Answer 17

Location of elongating protein, methionine binds here initiating

Question 18

E site

Answer 18

Exit site

Question 19

IF-2

Answer 19

Initiation factor, promotes beginning of translation

Question 20

EF-Tu

Answer 20

Allows binding of new tRNA in ribosome

Question 21

Initiation recognition in prokaryotes

Answer 21

Shine dalgarno, AGGAGG. Recognized by small ribosome unit

Question 22

Initiation in eukaryotes

Answer 22

Recognize 5’ 7methyl guanosine cap. Scans for start codon in GC heavy region

Question 23

Stop codons recognizes by what?

Answer 23

Release factors. Hydrolyzes ester bond and releases protein