Enzymes 1

Question 1

Enzymes

Answer 1

Bio catalysts. Do not change after reaction. Increase rate of reaction

Question 2

Types of enzymes

Answer 2

Oxido-reductase
Transferase
Hydrolase 
Lyase 
Isomerase 
Ligases

Question 3

Transferase

Answer 3

Functional groups from one molecule to another

Question 4

Hydrolase

Answer 4

Break C-N, C-O, and C-C bonds with water

Question 5

Lyase

Answer 5

Same as hydrolase without water

Question 6

Isomerase

Answer 6

Rearrange molecule with no change in formula

Question 7

Ligase

Answer 7

Make C-N, C-O, and C-C

Question 8

Cofactor

Answer 8

Inorganic ions unattached to enzyme, but needed for max activity

Question 9

Coenzymes

Answer 9

Organic molecules that help in transfer of functional groups

Question 10

Apoenzyme

Answer 10

Enzyme without cofactor

Question 11

Holoenzyme

Answer 11

Enzyme with cofactor

Question 12

Active site

Answer 12

Small part, contains specific amino acids.

Question 13

Keq

Answer 13

K1/K2

Or P/S

Question 14

Standard free energy change

Answer 14

Free energy when products and reactants at 1 mol.

Question 15

Free energy of activation

Answer 15

Always positive, reduced by enzymes

Question 16

Factors affecting enzyme activity

Answer 16

pH, temp, enzyme and substrate concentration

Question 17

Michaelis Menton equation

Answer 17

V= Vmax(S)/(Km+S)

Question 18

Km

Answer 18

Vmax/2

Question 19

Line weaver-burk

Answer 19

X intercept- -1/Km

Y intercept- 1/Vmax

Question 20

Effect of E in reaction rate

Answer 20

Velocity proportional to E. Does not affect Km

Question 21

Irreversible inhibition

Answer 21

Covalently bonds and denatures enzyme

Question 22

Competitive inhibition

Answer 22

Increases Km, binds at active site, and can be overcome by more substrate.

Question 23

Non competitive inhibition

Answer 23

Does not bind active site and changes confirmation. lowers Vmax, Km unchanged.

Question 24

Allosteric regulation

Answer 24

Binds to non active site. Enzymes need quaternary structure. Have sigmoidal plot. Often feedback inhibition

Question 25

Mechanisms of catalysis

Answer 25

Proximity, strain, covalently, acid base

Question 26

Isoenzymes

Answer 26

Catalyze same reaction, with different Km and Vmax. Diff activation energy.