Genes, Environment, and Development (2) Flashcards
Species Heredity?
The genetic endowment that members of a species have in common, including genes that influence developmental processes
Ethology?
Seeks to understand the evolved behaviour of various species in their natural environment.
Genotype?
The genetic makeup a person inherits
Gene Expression?
The activation of particular genes in particular cells of the body at particular times, only if a gene is “turned on” is influential.
Polygenic Inheritance?
Multiple pairs of genes interacting with multiple environmental factors.
Heritability?
Heritability is a statistical measure that indicates the proportion of the variation in a trait within a population that is due to genetic differences among individuals. It is expressed as a percentage or a value between 0 and 1. A heritability value of 0 means that genetic differences do not contribute to the variation in the trait, while a value of 1 indicates that all variation in the trait is due to genetic differences.
Concordance Rates in Twin, Adoption or Family studies?
The % of people studied in which if one member of a pair displays the trait, the other does too.
What is more heritable? Temperament and Personality OR Intellectual Abilities?
Intellectual Abilities
What is the diathesis-stress susceptibility model?
When a combination of high-risk genes and a high-risk environment or stressful experiences triggers a psychological disorder.
Differential susceptibility hypothesis?
Some people’s genes make them more reactive than other people to environmental influences, whether good or bad ones
Three ways in which people’s genes and their environment or experiences are interrelated?
Passive, Evocative and Active.
Epigenetic Effects?
Ways in which environmental factors influence the expression of particular genes in particular cells of the body.
Developmental plasticity?
The idea that you can have some experiences early in your life that can shape you later in life.
