Body, Brain and Health (4)

Question 1

Pituitary gland?

Answer 1

Master gland + production of growth hormone.

Question 2

Completion of myelination?

Answer 2

Largely by age one.

Question 3

Cephalocaudal principle?

Answer 3

Growth in a head to tail direction.

Question 4

Proximodistal principle?

Answer 4

Growth from the center outwards.

Question 5

Orthogenic principle?

Answer 5

Growth from general and undifferentiated towards more complex differentiation of hierarchical integration.

Question 6

Biopsychosociocultural model of health?

Answer 6

The truly multifaceted nature of health and the importance of considering the broader context of an individual’s condition.

Question 7

Behavioral states in an infant?

Answer 7

• Deep sleep
• Active sleep
• Quiet alert
• Active alert
• Drowsy
• Crying.
  Sleep patterns in infancy are associated with brain maturation and plasticity.

Question 8

Brain lateralisation?

Answer 8

Left: seat of language, word content, grammar and syntax.
Right: melody, pitch, sound intensity and content of language.

Question 9

What happens in the adolescent brain?

Answer 9

• Volume of grey matter increases, peaks and decreases
• Increase of synaptogenesis
• White matter increases in linear fashion
• Limbic reward system matures earlier than the prefrontal control areas of the brain, this leads adolescents to be drawn to risky and rewarding actions

Question 10

Compensation?

Answer 10

Ability to quickly enlist other neural resources that we save up over our lifetime, we draw upon these to offset the decline with age.

Question 11

Evoked potential?

Answer 11

Method of studying infant perception in which brain waves are measured in response to stimuli.

Question 12

Motor specificity?

Answer 12

Refers to the idea that certain motor skills are specific to particular tasks and that the learning and execution of these skills are specialised rather than generalised across different activities.