General Principals Of Pathophtsiology

Question 1

Active transport

Answer 1

A carrier mediated process that can move substances against a concentration gradient

Question 2

Afterload

Answer 2

Tech total resistance against which the blood must be pumped also know me as peripheral vascular resistance

Question 3

Allergens

Answer 3

Substances that can produce hypersensitivity reactions in the body

Question 4

Aerobic

Answer 4

Of or pertaining to the presence of air or oxygen

Question 5

Anaerobic

Answer 5

Of or pertaining to the absence of oxygen

Question 6

Anion

Answer 6

An ion with a negative charge

Question 7

Antigens

Answer 7

Substances that cause the formation of an antibody a d that react specifically with that antibody

Question 8

Atrophy

Answer 8

Decrease in the size of a cell which adversely affects the cell function

Question 9

Cardiac output

Answer 9

The volume of the blood pumped each minute

Question 10

Cation

Answer 10

An ion with a positive charge

Question 11

Complement system

Answer 11

A group of proteins that coat bacteria

Question 12

Diffusion

Answer 12

The process by which solid , particulate matter in a fluid moves from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 13

Dysplasia

Answer 13

Abnormal cellular growth

Question 14

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 14

A carrier mediated process that moves substances into or out of cells from a high to a low concentration

Question 15

Hypercalcemia

Answer 15

A higher than normal concentration of calcium in he blood

Question 16

Hyperkalemia

Answer 16

A higher than normal concentration of potassium in the blood

Question 17

Hyoermagnesemia

Answer 17

A higher than normal concentration of magnesium in the blood

Question 18

Hypernatremic

Answer 18

Higher than normal sodium concentration in the blood

Question 19

Hyperplasia

Answer 19

Excessive increase in the number of cells

Question 20

Hypertonic

Answer 20

A solution that causes cells to shrink

Question 21

Hypertrophy

Answer 21

An increase in the size of a cell

Question 22

Hypokalemia

Answer 22

Low potassium

Question 23

Hypomagnesemia

Answer 23

Low magnesium

Question 24

Hyponatremic

Answer 24

Low sodium

Question 25

Hypoperfusion

Answer 25

Insufficient delivery of oxygen and nutrients necessary for normal tissue and cellular function also known as shock

Question 26

Hypotonic

Answer 26

A solution that causes cells to swell

Question 27

Hypoxemia

Answer 27

A lower than normal oxygen content of the blood as measured in an arterial blood sample

Question 28

Immune response

Answer 28

A defense function of the body that produces antibodies to destroy invading antigens and malignancies

Question 29

Inflammatory response

Answer 29

A tissue reaction to injury or to an antigen it may also include pain , swelling , itching , redness , heat , and loss of function

Question 30

Isotonic

Answer 30

A term used to describe a solution that causes cells to neither shrink or swell

Question 31

Lactic acidosis

Answer 31

A disorder characterized by an accumulation of lactic acid in the blood , resulting in a lowered ph in muscle and serum

Question 32

Negative feedback mechanism

Answer 32

Mechanism that tend to produce a response that balances a change in a system

Question 33

Osmolality

Answer 33

The osmotic pressure in a solution

Question 34

Osmosis

Answer 34

The diffusion of solvent (water) through a membrane from a less concentrated solution to a more concentrated solution

Question 35

Peripheral vascular resistance (afterload)

Answer 35

The total resistance which blood must be pumped

Question 36

Ph

Answer 36

Hydrogen ion concentration

Question 37

Preload

Answer 37

The amount of blood returning to the ventricle

Question 38

Solutes

Answer 38

Substances dissolved in a solution

Question 39

Stroke volume

Answer 39

The volume of blood ejected from one ventricle in a single heart beat

Question 40

Total body water

Answer 40

60-70 in males | 50-60 in females

Question 41

Carbonic acid - bicarbonate buffering

Answer 41

Bicarbonate , carbon dioxide , and carbonic acid are always present in a dynamic balance in the blood

Question 42

Baroreceptors

Answer 42

Help maintain blood pressure and cardiac output

Question 43

Catecholamines

Answer 43

Act by stimulating two major classes of receptors. Alpha adrenergic receptors and beta adrenergic receptors

Question 44

Cortisol

Answer 44

Main purpose to stimulate gluconeogenesis