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NS374—Pathophysiology > General Patho > Flashcards

General Patho Flashcards

1
Q

pathophysiology

A

study and diagnosis of disease through examination of organs, tissues, cells, bodily fluids

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2
Q

homeostasis

A

maintenance of relatively stable internal environment, regardless of external changes

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3
Q

disease

A

deviation from normal, healthy state of homeostasis

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4
Q

health indicators

A

“normal” values that occur within a range of values

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5
Q

7 steps to health

A
  • Don’t smoke & avoid secondhand smoke
  • 5-10 servings of vegetables & fruit per day
  • Regular physical activity
  • Sun protection
  • Cancer screenings
  • Doctor/dentist visit if any change in health
  • Follow health & safety guidelines
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6
Q

3 types of disease prevention

A

primary
secondary
tertiary

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7
Q

primary prevention

A

before evidence of disease/injury - intended to reduce/eliminate risk factors

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8
Q

immunizations, condoms, social campaigns, clean water are _______ prevention

A

primary

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9
Q

secondary prevention

A

after disease has begun, but before symptoms - intended to diagnose early through screening

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10
Q

pap test, colonoscopy are _______ prevention

A

secondary

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11
Q

tertiary prevention

A

after disease/injury is established - intended to prevent sequelae of disease - all care given after diagnosis

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12
Q

gross level

A

organ/organ system

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13
Q

microscopic level

A

cells

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14
Q

biopsy

A

excision of small amounts of living tissue

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15
Q

diagnosis

A

ID of a basic disease by a provider

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16
Q

difference between s/s

A

signs: objective, observed
symptoms: subjective, described by pt

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17
Q

idiopathic

A

cause of disease is unknown

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18
Q

iatrogenic

A

medical error/treatment/procedure causes disease

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19
Q

predisposing factors

A

increase risk - age, sex, genetics, environment

20
Q

prophylaxis

A

preserve health; prevent disease spread

21
Q

pathogenesis

A

development of disease

22
Q

sudden onset vs insidious

A

sudden: acute
insidious: vague, gradual, mild

23
Q

acute

A

short term, quick development - high fever, severe symptoms

24
Q

chronic

A

insidious, gradual development - milder symptoms, intermittent acute severe symptoms

25
Q

subclinical state

A

patient has disease with no obvious clinical manifestations

26
Q

latent state

A

no s/s

27
Q

latent called ________ in infectious disease

A

incubation

28
Q

prodromal period

A

early development - signs nonspecific or absent

29
Q

ex. prodromal period

A

Herpes pts

30
Q

lesions

A

specific local change in tissue

31
Q

syndrome

A

collection of s/s - No single test says you definitely have a disease - Diagnosed based on clinical manifestation

32
Q

diagnostic tests

A

used to diagnose a disease - screening tools, lab tests, radiological tests

33
Q

remissions vs exacerbations

A

manifestations subside

severity worsens

34
Q

precipitating factor

A

condition that triggers acute episode

35
Q

complications

A

new, secondary or additional problems

36
Q

therapy

A

measures to promote recovery

37
Q

sequelae

A

potential unwanted outcomes

38
Q

Convalescence & rehabilitation

A

period of recovery

39
Q

morbidity

A

disease rates within a group

40
Q

mortality

A

relative number of deaths resulting from disease

41
Q

epidemiology

A

tracking of pattern/occurence of disease - WHO and CDC

42
Q

incidence

A

number of new cases within a population within a given time

43
Q

prevalence

A

number of new, old, or current cases within a population and within a given time

44
Q

epidemic

A

high number of cases of an infectious disease in a population

45
Q

pandemic

A

high number of cases in various areas across globe

46
Q

reportable/notifiable diseases

A

must be reported by provider to authorities - intended to prevent further spread

NS374—Pathophysiology (18 decks)

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