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Medical Microbiology II - 4336 > General Mycology Review > Flashcards

General Mycology Review Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Dimorphic examples?

A

Blastomyces dermatitidis.
Histoplasma capsulatum.
Coccidioides immitis.
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis.
Sporothrix schenckii

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2
Q

sexual form
-ascospores

A

Teleomorph

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3
Q

asexual
-Conidia-asexual spores

A

Anamorph

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4
Q

more than one asexual form of a fungus

A

Synapomorphs

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5
Q

Budding of yeasts occurs by a process called “_____________”

A

outpouching

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6
Q

What is it called when there is Incomplete cell division (initial stage of true hyphae formation) - outpouching of the cell wall that becomes tubular, but does not have a constriction?

A

Germ tubes

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7
Q

Molds:

long filamentous structure (tube, frequently branching)

A

Hyphae

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8
Q

Molds:

mass of network of hyphae

A

Mycelium

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9
Q

Molds:

Anchors the mold and absorbs nutrients

A

Vegetative hyphae

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10
Q

Molds:

Hyphae with reproductive structures

A

Reproductive hyphae

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11
Q

Molds:

Network or mass of vegetative hyphae

A

Vegetative mycelium

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12
Q

Molds:

Mycelium that grows upward or outward from the substrate

A

Aerial mycelium

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13
Q

What is an example of septate fungi?

A

Aspergillus

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14
Q

What are examples of Sparsely septate (non-septate) fungi?

A

Zygomycetes and Mucor

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15
Q

Non pigmented hyphae

A

Hyaline

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16
Q

Dark pigment or melanized

A

Dematiaceous

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17
Q

Hyphae cells do not have septa to divide them or septa are rarely observed

A

Sparsely septate (non-septate)

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18
Q

Have dividers between the cells – have pores that allow cytoplasm and nutrients to low through

A

Septate

19
Q

Four categories of Mycoses (fungal infections) ?

A

-Superficial cutaneous mycoses
-Subcutaneous mycoses
-Systemic mycoses
-Opportunistic mycoses

20
Q

Examples of Superficial cutaneous mycoses

A

-Piedra (Piedraia hortae and
Trichosporon beigelii)
-Candidosis
-Dermatophytes ***
-Pityriasis versicolor

21
Q

What are the dermatophytes?

A

-Trichophyton
-Microsporum
-Epidermophyton
-Cause Tinea (ringworm)

22
Q

Examples of Subcutaneous mycoses

A

-Chromoblastomycosis
-Sporotrichosis
-Mycetoma
-Phaeohyphomycosis

23
Q

Examples of systemic mycoses

A

-Aspergillosis
-Blastomycosis
-Candidosis
-Coccidioidomycosis
-Histoplasmosis
-Cryptococcus
-Trichosporonosis

24
Q

Examples of Opportunistic mycoses

A

-Aspergillosis
-Candidosis
-Cryptococcosis
-Mucormycosis
-Geotrichosis
-Trichosporonosis

25
Q

Tinea (ringworm) caused by dermatophytes:

Tinea barbae

A

beard infection

26
Q

Tinea (ringworm) caused by dermatophytes:

Tinea manuum

A

hand infection

27
Q

Tinea (ringworm) caused by dermatophytes:

Tinea Capitis

A

scalp or head infection

28
Q

Tinea (ringworm) caused by dermatophytes:

Tinea pedis

A

Feet (Athletes foot)

29
Q

Tinea (ringworm) caused by dermatophytes:

Tinea corporis

A

body infection

30
Q

Tinea (ringworm) caused by dermatophytes:

Tinea unguium

A

Fingernails and Toenails infection

31
Q

Tinea (ringworm) caused by dermatophytes:

Tinea cruris

A

Jock itch, groin area

32
Q

What causes

tinea corporis
Tinea capitis
Tinea unguium
Tinea barbae?

A

Trichophyton rubrum

33
Q

What causes

Tinea capitis
Tinea corporis?

A

Microsporym gypseum

34
Q

What causes

Tinea corporis
Tinea capitis
Tinea barbae
Tinea manuum?

A

Microsporum canis

35
Q

What causes

Tinea cruris
Tinea pedis
Tinea corporis
Onychomycosis?

A

Epidermophyton floccosum

36
Q

-Chronic fungal infection of the skin and the subcutaneous tissue
-Traumatic inoculation of a specific group of dematiaceous fungi

A

Chromoblastomycosis (subcutaneous)

37
Q

-Non-healing ulcers***
-Brown pigmented, wart like lesions

A

Chromoblastomycosis (subcutaneous)

38
Q

-Verrucous, cauliflower-like dermatitis***
-Common in tropical and subtropical countries
-Usually as a result of trauma
-Secondary bacterial infection is common

A

Chromoblastomycosis (subcutaneous)

39
Q

Causative agents of Chromoblastomycosis?

A

-Fonsecaea pedrosoi
-Phialophora verrucosa
-Cladophialophora carrionii
-Rhinocladiella aquaspersa

40
Q

What is known as Rose gardener’s disease?

A

Sporotrichosis

41
Q

Sporotrichosis - Rose gardener’s disease is caused by a chronic infection from saprophytic dimorphic fungus ________________.

A

Sporothrix schenckii

42
Q

Sporotrichosis is usually _______________ , but in rare cases, can disseminate to visceral organs.

A

subcutaneous

43
Q

Sporothrix schenckii moves along ____________ channels

A

LYMPHATIC

44
Q

Pseudallescheria boydii - Cleistothecium release __________ (looks like pacman)

A

ascospores

Medical Microbiology II - 4336 (20 decks)

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