General Mycology Review Flashcards
Dimorphic examples?
Blastomyces dermatitidis.
Histoplasma capsulatum.
Coccidioides immitis.
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis.
Sporothrix schenckii
sexual form
-ascospores
Teleomorph
asexual
-Conidia-asexual spores
Anamorph
more than one asexual form of a fungus
Synapomorphs
Budding of yeasts occurs by a process called “_____________”
outpouching
What is it called when there is Incomplete cell division (initial stage of true hyphae formation) - outpouching of the cell wall that becomes tubular, but does not have a constriction?
Germ tubes
Molds:
long filamentous structure (tube, frequently branching)
Hyphae
Molds:
mass of network of hyphae
Mycelium
Molds:
Anchors the mold and absorbs nutrients
Vegetative hyphae
Molds:
Hyphae with reproductive structures
Reproductive hyphae
Molds:
Network or mass of vegetative hyphae
Vegetative mycelium
Molds:
Mycelium that grows upward or outward from the substrate
Aerial mycelium
What is an example of septate fungi?
Aspergillus
What are examples of Sparsely septate (non-septate) fungi?
Zygomycetes and Mucor
Non pigmented hyphae
Hyaline
Dark pigment or melanized
Dematiaceous
Hyphae cells do not have septa to divide them or septa are rarely observed
Sparsely septate (non-septate)
Have dividers between the cells – have pores that allow cytoplasm and nutrients to low through
Septate
Four categories of Mycoses (fungal infections) ?
-Superficial cutaneous mycoses
-Subcutaneous mycoses
-Systemic mycoses
-Opportunistic mycoses
Examples of Superficial cutaneous mycoses
-Piedra (Piedraia hortae and
Trichosporon beigelii)
-Candidosis
-Dermatophytes ***
-Pityriasis versicolor
What are the dermatophytes?
-Trichophyton
-Microsporum
-Epidermophyton
-Cause Tinea (ringworm)
Examples of Subcutaneous mycoses
-Chromoblastomycosis
-Sporotrichosis
-Mycetoma
-Phaeohyphomycosis
Examples of systemic mycoses
-Aspergillosis
-Blastomycosis
-Candidosis
-Coccidioidomycosis
-Histoplasmosis
-Cryptococcus
-Trichosporonosis
Examples of Opportunistic mycoses
-Aspergillosis
-Candidosis
-Cryptococcosis
-Mucormycosis
-Geotrichosis
-Trichosporonosis
Tinea (ringworm) caused by dermatophytes:
Tinea barbae
beard infection
Tinea (ringworm) caused by dermatophytes:
Tinea manuum
hand infection
Tinea (ringworm) caused by dermatophytes:
Tinea Capitis
scalp or head infection
Tinea (ringworm) caused by dermatophytes:
Tinea pedis
Feet (Athletes foot)
Tinea (ringworm) caused by dermatophytes:
Tinea corporis
body infection
Tinea (ringworm) caused by dermatophytes:
Tinea unguium
Fingernails and Toenails infection
Tinea (ringworm) caused by dermatophytes:
Tinea cruris
Jock itch, groin area
What causes
tinea corporis
Tinea capitis
Tinea unguium
Tinea barbae?
Trichophyton rubrum
What causes
Tinea capitis
Tinea corporis?
Microsporym gypseum
What causes
Tinea corporis
Tinea capitis
Tinea barbae
Tinea manuum?
Microsporum canis
What causes
Tinea cruris
Tinea pedis
Tinea corporis
Onychomycosis?
Epidermophyton floccosum
-Chronic fungal infection of the skin and the subcutaneous tissue
-Traumatic inoculation of a specific group of dematiaceous fungi
Chromoblastomycosis (subcutaneous)
-Non-healing ulcers***
-Brown pigmented, wart like lesions
Chromoblastomycosis (subcutaneous)
-Verrucous, cauliflower-like dermatitis***
-Common in tropical and subtropical countries
-Usually as a result of trauma
-Secondary bacterial infection is common
Chromoblastomycosis (subcutaneous)
Causative agents of Chromoblastomycosis?
-Fonsecaea pedrosoi
-Phialophora verrucosa
-Cladophialophora carrionii
-Rhinocladiella aquaspersa
What is known as Rose gardener’s disease?
Sporotrichosis
Sporotrichosis - Rose gardener’s disease is caused by a chronic infection from saprophytic dimorphic fungus ________________.
Sporothrix schenckii
Sporotrichosis is usually _______________ , but in rare cases, can disseminate to visceral organs.
subcutaneous
Sporothrix schenckii moves along ____________ channels
LYMPHATIC
Pseudallescheria boydii - Cleistothecium release __________ (looks like pacman)
ascospores
