Gene Baics

Question 1

Where is the gene located

Answer 1

Fixed position on a chromosome

Question 2

What is an allele

Answer 2

1 of a pair of alternative forms of a gene that occur at a given locus on a chromosome

Question 3

Genotype

Answer 3

Genetic constitution of an organism. aA

Question 4

Phenotype

Answer 4

Observable characters of an organism, physical makeup

Question 5

What is the law of segregation

Answer 5

Segregation of different alleles into diff gametes. One factor from each parent

Question 6

Genome

Answer 6

Complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism

Question 7

Transcriptome

Answer 7

Complete set of RNA transcripts produced by the genome

Question 8

Genomics

Answer 8

Study of genes, their expression and function

Question 9

Human genome project

Answer 9

Determines the sequences of nucleotides in the DNA of human genomes

Question 10

What is law of independent assortment

Answer 10

Is what it is, mainly dihybrid cross

Question 11

One chromosome has 2 what

Answer 11

Identical chromatids

Question 12

Each chromatid contains what

Answer 12

One DNA molecule

Question 13

The p and q arm are which

Answer 13

P is the shorter one

Question 14

What is the centromere

Answer 14

Constricted part of the chromosome

Question 15

The DNA in each chromatid is formed into a compact structure by

Answer 15

Proteins called histones

Question 16

Mono hybrid cross

Answer 16

Crossing of 2 different alleles for one specific genetic locus of interest, flower colour

Question 17

Dihybrid cross is what

Answer 17

Crossing of different alleles for more than one genetic locus of interest, seed colour and texture

Question 18

What is responsible for segregation and independent assortment of genes and in what phase

Answer 18

Disjunction and in prophase I

Question 19

Examples of co dominance and incomplete dominance

Answer 19

Co - blood type

Incomp - skin colour

Question 20

Pleiotrophy

Answer 20

One gene can influence multiple phenotypic characters

Question 21

What is epistasis

Answer 21

One gene being dependent on the expression of another gene

Question 22

Polygenic inheritance

Answer 22

Polygenic inheritance occurs when one characteristic is controlled by two or more genes.

Question 23

Karyotype

Answer 23

An organized profile of a person’s chromosomes

Question 24

Human karyotype has how many groups

Answer 24

7 + sex chromosomes

Question 25

Genes located on the same do not do what

Answer 25

Independently assort due to their physical linkage

Question 26

What is the pseudo-autosomal region

Answer 26

Regions at the end of sex chromosomes. Inherited similarly to autosomal alleles

Question 27

Genetic disorders are caused by what 2 factors

Answer 27

Abnormal chromosomal numbers and structures (mutations)

Question 28

What is a gene

Answer 28

Unit of function that controls the synthesis of at least one polypeptide chain/RNA molecule

Question 29

Fathers pass X linked alleles to who

Answer 29

Daughters

Question 30

Mothers pass X linked alleles to who

Answer 30

Daughters and sons

Question 31

Y chromosome produces what

Answer 31

Testis determining factor TDF which is on the SRY sex determining region protein

Question 32

Are there any Y Linked diseases

Answer 32

No besides male sterility