Gender Development

Question 0

What is androgyny?

Answer 0

Term that describes people whose characteristics are a balanced mixture of both masculine and feminine

Question 1

Androgyny- Sandra Bem (1974) researched what?

Answer 1

Masculinity and femininity are independent traits.

Question 2

What is Bem’s sex role inventory? (BSRI)

Answer 2

where people rate themselves between 1&7 from different words that describe them, when they are added up it gives them a feminine or masculine score.

Question 3

Bem(1975) found that highly androgyny people were psychologically healthier than those who were strongly male or female, what’s a reason for this?

Answer 3

Adaptability

Question 4

One strength of the BSRI study?

Answer 4

If it gets retested it produces a similar result if used more than one time, meaning is reliable

Question 5

List 5 problems why The BSRI study is weak?

Answer 5

• sample size is an issue.
• Americans are different
• things have changed since the 70’s
• culture differences
• lacks of objectivity

Question 6

What are the 3 main cultural variations in gender-related behaviour called? From Papua New Guinea.

Answer 6

• the Arapesh
• the mundugumor
• the tchambuli

Question 7

What is the Arapesh?

Answer 7

Both boys & girls were brought by being gentle and loved, child bearing was highly valued.

Question 8

What is the mundugumor?

Answer 8

Quarrelsome, fierce, arrogant, men and women hated idea of pregnancy, children treated in harsh manner.

Question 9

What is the tchambuli?

Answer 9

Men were regarded as emotional and unfit, men took far too much time on their appearance whilst women took care of food/trade.

Question 10

What is buss et al (1990) study about?

Answer 10

Men need someone to reproduce with, women need someone to protect them.

Question 11

What are the 3 main problems faced by researchers doing cross-cultural research?

Answer 11

• reactivity
• communication
• bias

Question 12

What is wrong with the reactivity of cross cultural research?

Answer 12

Prescience of researcher may affect the behaviour observed

Question 13

What is wrong with the communication of the research of cross cultural ?

Answer 13

The researcher may be misunderstood by the participants

Question 14

How is the cross cultural research bias?

Answer 14

The researcher may impose on the data

Question 15

What is the case of the batistas?

Answer 15

Where there is an overnight sex change due to the chromosomes inside them.

Question 16

What is the biological view of the batistas case?

Answer 16

They have all taken on male roles and do men’s jobs even though they have married women despite being raised as girls for the first ten years or so of their lives.

Question 17

From kohlbergs study what is meant by gender identity?

Answer 17

The child gradually understands which gender they are. 2-3 and a half years old.

Question 18

From kohlbergs study what is meant by gender stability?

Answer 18

The child understands you stay a certain gender but it is limited to external social definitions.3 and a half to 4 and a half years old.

Question 19

From kohlbergs study was is meant by gender constancy?

Answer 19

The child now understands that their gender is stable and across situations. 4 and a half to 7 years old.

Question 20

An example question of gender identity for a child?

Answer 20

Are you a boy or a girl?

Question 21

An example question for gender stability for a child?

Answer 21

When you grow up will you be a mummy or a daddy?

Question 22

An example question of gender constancy for a child?

Answer 22

If a boy grew his hair would he become a girl?

Question 23

What is chodrow study? (PSYCHODYNAMIC) 1978

Answer 23

Believes that it is early mother-child relationship which forms the basis of gender identity

Question 24

(PSYCHODYNAMIC) Goldberg and Lewis support which study and why?

Answer 24

Chodrow as the sex of the child depends on the behaviour of the mother.

Question 25

(PSYCHODYNAMIC) what is Goldberg and Lewis’ study about?

Answer 25

They observed mothers in a room to see if they treated children differently according to the sex of the child.

Question 26

A strength for the psychodynamic theory of gender?

Answer 26

Biological explanations would support it as the idea of gender development is driven by nature

Question 27

What is a weakness of psychodynamic theory of gender?

Answer 27

It suffers from being unscientific and lacking objectivity and reliable data