Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MolCell Unit 2 > Gebelein 2 > Flashcards

Gebelein 2 Flashcards

Flashcards for Gebelein Lecture 2

1
Q

Phosphorylation of ________ of the CTD of RNAPolII is a key step in transcription initiation.

A

Ser-5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The complex that is recruited to promoter sequences to initiate transcription is called the ____________________.

A

Pre-initiation complex (PIC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The enzyme responsible for phosphorylating the CTD of RNAPolII during transcription initiation is __________.

A

TFIIH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The super elongation complex (SEC) is recruited to the gene after _______________ clearance from the PIC.

A

RNA PolII

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The CTD of RNAPolII interacts with the __________, a complex that bridges the enhancer to the promoter.

A

Mediator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Disease-associated SNPs are often located in _________ DNA.

A

non-coding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Enhancers regulate the __________, __________, __________, and __________ of transcription.

A

rate, quantity, time, place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

TFs often have multiple regulatory domains that can participate in __________, __________, or both.

A

activation, repression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The DNA binding domain of a TF binds DNA in a ________________ manner.

A

sequence-specific

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Two examples of regulatory domains in TFs are ______________________ and ______________________.

A

Histone acetyltransferases (HATs), Histone deacetylases (HDACs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

HATs are histone ______________________ that promote chromatin __________.

A

Acetyltransferases, opening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

HDACs are histone ______________________ that promote chromatin __________.

A

Deacetylases, closing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The ATPase that can move nucleosomes to expose additional TF binding sites is called __________.

A

SWI/SNF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

______________________ is the mediator that bridges the distant enhancer to the promoter and RNAPolII.

A

ARC/DRIP/TRAP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The Mediator interacts with ______________________ complexes to promote looping.

A

Cohesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The Mediator is part of the __________ that promotes RNA polymerase initiation via TFIIH.

A

PIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The Mediator promotes RNA polII __________ by activating the SEC/cdk9/P-TEFb kinase.

A

elongation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

______________________ is a transcriptional repressor that recruits an HDAC complex.

A

Hairy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Core promoters contain information necessary to __________ transcription at the proper base-pair.7

A

initiate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

______________________ elements and ______________________ contain the information to control the time, place, and amount of transcription.

A

Promoter-proximal, enhancers

21
Q

Regulatory sequences (CRMs) account for __________ times more of the human genome than exons.

A

10

22
Q

A typical CRM is __________ bps long and contains binding sites for __________ individual transcription factors.

A

200, 3-10

23
Q

______________________ footprinting is a useful technique to identify key binding sites in enhancers.

A

Phylogenetic

24
Q

Different enhancers for different tissues contribute to the __________ of enhancers.

A

modularity

25
Q

The even-skipped (eve) gene is an example of a gene that uses ______________________ control to achieve specific expression patterns.8

A

combinatorial

26
Q

The homeodomain is an example of a ______________________.

A

DNA-binding domain

27
Q

TFs have ______________________ site preferences and can tolerate some non-optimal nucleotides.

A

binding

28
Q

Critical binding sequences are more likely to be ______________________ than non-critical sites.

A

conserved

29
Q

GR interacts with co-regulatory proteins like __________, __________, and __________.

A

SWI/SNF, p300/CBP, ARC/DRIP/TRAP

30
Q

______________________ promoters tend to be accessible, while ______________________ promoters tend to be bound by nucleosomes.

A

TATA box, TATA minus

31
Q

Paused polymerase is a common phenomenon in ______________________, affecting ~70% of genes.1

A

Metazoans

32
Q

__________ is a negative elongation factor involved in promoter pausing.

A

NELF

33
Q

Pause release is mediated by __________, which phosphorylates Ser2 of RNAPolII CTD.

A

P-TEFb

34
Q

__________ is converted into a positive elongation factor via phosphorylation by P-TEFb.

A

DSIF

35
Q

Having a gene that is paused allows ______________________ to modulate transcription.1

A

sequence-specific TFs

36
Q

______________________ assays are used to assess promoter activity in cells.

A

Reporter

37
Q

Mutations in potential promoter sequences can be analyzed using ______________________ assays to determine their role in promoter activity.

A

reporter

38
Q

The carboxyl terminal domain (CTD) is part of the __________ subunit.

A

Rbp1

39
Q

The consensus repeat in the CTD is __________, which contains 5 potential sites of __________.

A

YSPTSPS, phosphorylation

40
Q

Deletion of more than half of the __________ repeats in the CTD results in lethality in yeast.1

A

CTD

41
Q

TFIIH subunit (cdk7) phosphorylates __________ in position 5 of the CTD.1

A

serine

42
Q

Phosphorylation of CTD at Ser5 is essential for __________ and recruitment of factors like the ______________________.

A

Initiation, mRNA capping machinery

43
Q

The non-phosphorylated form of Pol II is called __________, and it assembles in the __________.

A

IIA, PIC

44
Q

Phosphorylation of the CTD switches to __________ for Pol II elongation competence.

A

Ser2

45
Q

P-TEFb stands for ______________________________________________.1

A

Positive transcription elongation factor

46
Q

CDK9 and P-TEFb are the same and are part of the __________.

A

SEC

47
Q

TFIIH is involved in RNA polII __________, while SEC/Cdk9/P-TEFb is involved in RNA polII __________.

A

initiation, elongation

48
Q

Much of the __________ can remain associated with the core promoter after PolII release, potentially contributing to transcriptional bursting.

A

PIC

MolCell Unit 2 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions