Gastrointestinal

Question 1

Bird beak appearance (and distended oesophagus)

Answer 1

Achalasia: if in lower GI imaging is a sign of bowel obstruction

Question 2

Grey Turner’s (lumbar redness) and Cullen’s sign (umbilical redness) POSITIVE

Answer 2

Acute Pancreatitis

Question 3

Causes of Acute Pancreatitis

Answer 3

I GET SMASHED 
Idiopathic 
Gallstones 
Ethanol 
Trauma
Steroids
Mumps 
Autoimmune 
Scorpion bites/stings 
Hyperlipidaemia/hypothermia/hypercalcaemia
ERCP 
Drugs

Question 4

Murphy’s sign POSITIVE

Answer 4

Cholecystitis

Question 5

Pale stools, jaundice and abdominal pain

Answer 5

Biliary Obstruction

Question 6

Abdominal distension, caput medusae, shifting dullness

Answer 6

Portal Hypertension, Ascites

Question 7

Pyoderma gangrenosu, erythema nodosum

Answer 7

Chrohn’s Disease/UC

Question 8

Tinkling bowel sounds

Answer 8

Bowel Obstruction

Question 9

Vesicular rash and weight loss

Answer 9

Coeliac Disease

Question 10

Virchow’s node (left supraclavicular)

Answer 10

Gastric Cancer

Question 11

Urea breath test

Answer 11

H pylori

Question 12

C breath test

Answer 12

Bacterial overgrowth

Question 13

‘Rice water’ like stools

Answer 13

Vibrio cholerae

Question 14

Primary Biliary Cirrhosis

Answer 14

Presence of AMA (anti mitochondrial)

Question 15

Autoimmune hepatitis

Answer 15

Presence of ASMA (anti smooth muscle)

Question 16

Alpha feto protein assay

Answer 16

heptatocellular carcinoma (or teratoma)

Question 17

Cobblestone mucosa

Answer 17

Indicating deep fissuring ulceration of mucosa = Crohn’s Disease

Question 18

Diuretic for ascites

Answer 18

Spironolactone

Question 19

Corkscrew oesophagus on barium study

Answer 19

Diffuse oesophageal spasm

Question 20

Severe abdominal pain and diarrhoea after raw milk

Answer 20

Campylobacter

Question 21

Russel’s sign

Answer 21

Self induced vomiting

Question 22

Mallory’s hyaline bodies

Answer 22

Alcoholic liver disease (acute hepatitis)

Chronic active hepatitis

Question 23

Crypt abscess/cryptitis

Answer 23

Inflammatory bowel ulcerative colitisac

Question 24

Onion skinning fibrosis, beading of bile ducts

Answer 24

Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

Question 25

Signet Ring cells seen on biopsy

Answer 25

Linitis plastica - diffuse stomach cancer

Question 26

Thumb printing on X ray commonly at splenic fixture

Answer 26

Ischaemic colitis

Question 27

Charcot’s Triad

Answer 27

fever, jaundice and abdominal pain secondary to acute cholangitis

Question 28

Causes for abdominal mass

A CHEMICAL

Answer 28

AAA
Crohn's
Hernia
Enlarged organ
Malignancy 
Intussusception
Cyst or abcess 
Appendicitis 
Lymphadenopathy

Question 29

Causes for bowel obstruction

BATH VIPS

Answer 29

Bolus
Adhesions
Tumour
Hernia
Volvulus
Intussusception
Pseudo-obstruction
Stricture

Question 30

Virchow’s node

Answer 30

Lymph node in left supra-clavicular fossa suggestive of gastric malignancy

Question 31

Triple therapy for H. pylori infection

Answer 31

Omeprazole
Clarithromycin
Amoxicillin/Metronidazole

Question 32

High stool weight

Answer 32

Secretory diarrhoea

Question 33

Paralysis after eating fish

Answer 33

Clostridium botulinum

Question 34

Anchovy sauce aspirate from a liver abscess

Answer 34

Amoebic abcess

Question 35

Risk factors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Answer 35

Hepatitis B and C

Haemochromatosis