Gastrointestinal Flashcards
Bird beak appearance (and distended oesophagus)
Achalasia: if in lower GI imaging is a sign of bowel obstruction
Grey Turner’s (lumbar redness) and Cullen’s sign (umbilical redness) POSITIVE
Acute Pancreatitis
Causes of Acute Pancreatitis
I GET SMASHED Idiopathic Gallstones Ethanol Trauma Steroids Mumps Autoimmune Scorpion bites/stings Hyperlipidaemia/hypothermia/hypercalcaemia ERCP Drugs
Murphy’s sign POSITIVE
Cholecystitis
Pale stools, jaundice and abdominal pain
Biliary Obstruction
Abdominal distension, caput medusae, shifting dullness
Portal Hypertension, Ascites
Pyoderma gangrenosu, erythema nodosum
Chrohn’s Disease/UC
Tinkling bowel sounds
Bowel Obstruction
Vesicular rash and weight loss
Coeliac Disease
Virchow’s node (left supraclavicular)
Gastric Cancer
Urea breath test
H pylori
C breath test
Bacterial overgrowth
‘Rice water’ like stools
Vibrio cholerae
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
Presence of AMA (anti mitochondrial)
Autoimmune hepatitis
Presence of ASMA (anti smooth muscle)
Alpha feto protein assay
heptatocellular carcinoma (or teratoma)
Cobblestone mucosa
Indicating deep fissuring ulceration of mucosa = Crohn’s Disease
Diuretic for ascites
Spironolactone
Corkscrew oesophagus on barium study
Diffuse oesophageal spasm
Severe abdominal pain and diarrhoea after raw milk
Campylobacter
Russel’s sign
Self induced vomiting
Mallory’s hyaline bodies
Alcoholic liver disease (acute hepatitis)
Chronic active hepatitis
Crypt abscess/cryptitis
Inflammatory bowel ulcerative colitisac
Onion skinning fibrosis, beading of bile ducts
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Signet Ring cells seen on biopsy
Linitis plastica - diffuse stomach cancer
Thumb printing on X ray commonly at splenic fixture
Ischaemic colitis
Charcot’s Triad
fever, jaundice and abdominal pain secondary to acute cholangitis
Causes for abdominal mass
A CHEMICAL
AAA Crohn's Hernia Enlarged organ Malignancy Intussusception Cyst or abcess Appendicitis Lymphadenopathy
Causes for bowel obstruction
BATH VIPS
Bolus Adhesions Tumour Hernia Volvulus Intussusception Pseudo-obstruction Stricture
Virchow’s node
Lymph node in left supra-clavicular fossa suggestive of gastric malignancy
Triple therapy for H. pylori infection
Omeprazole
Clarithromycin
Amoxicillin/Metronidazole
High stool weight
Secretory diarrhoea
Paralysis after eating fish
Clostridium botulinum
Anchovy sauce aspirate from a liver abscess
Amoebic abcess
Risk factors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Hepatitis B and C
Haemochromatosis
