Cardiology

Question 1

Patient has fever and pleuritic chest pain that is relieved by sitting up and leaning forward

Answer 1

Pericarditis

Question 2

Irregularly irregular pulse

Answer 2

Atrial Fibrillation

Question 3

ECG + saw tooth baseline and 150 bpm

Answer 3

Atrial Flutter

Question 4

Alveolar Bat’s wings

Kerley B lines

Cardiomegaly

Dilated prominent upper lobe vessels

Pleural Effusion

Answer 4

Pulmonary Oedema

Question 5

Raised JVP/hepatojugular

Answer 5

Right Sided Heart Failure

Question 6

Sense of impending doom

Answer 6

MI

Question 7

Saddle shaped ST elevation

Answer 7

Pericarditis

Question 8

Broad Complex tachycardia

Answer 8

Ventricular problem

Question 9

Mid-diastolic mumur with a tapping, undisplaced apex

Answer 9

Mitral Stenosis

Question 10

Broad QRS with slurred upstroke on R wave (delta wave)

Answer 10

WPW (Wolff-Parkinson-White) syndrome

Question 11

Tall, tented T waves

Answer 11

Hyperkalaemia (and wide QRS complexes)

Question 12

Patient gets pericarditis 4-6 weeks post MI

Answer 12

Dressler’s syndrome

Question 13

‘Blurred yellowing vision’ headache

Answer 13

Digoxin toxicity

Question 14

Janeway Lesions/Osler’s Nodes

Answer 14

Subacute bacterial endocarditis

Question 15

Continuous Machine like Heart Murmur

Answer 15

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Question 16

Rib notching on CXR

Answer 16

Coarctation of the aorta

Question 17

Crescendo Decrescendo murmur

Answer 17

Aortic Stenosis

Question 18

Diminished absent lower limb pulses

Answer 18

Coarctation of the aorta

Question 19

Radio-femoral delay

Answer 19

Coarctation of the aorta

Question 20

Radio-radial delay

Answer 20

Coarctation or aortic dissection

Question 21

MRS ASS

Answer 21

Mitral Regurgitation Systolic

Aortic Stenosis Systolic

Question 22

Systolic murmur, radiates to the neck

Answer 22

Aortic Stenosis

Question 23

Sudden tearing/ripping chest pain, radiates to the back

Answer 23

Aortic Dissection

Question 24

Clubbing

Answer 24

Cardiac

Chest

Colonic

Cirrhosis

Carcinoma

Compression

Congenital

Circulation

Question 25

4 H’s for reversible causes of cardiac arrest

Answer 25

Hypovolaemia

Hypothermia

Hyper/Hypokalaemia

Hypoxia

Question 26

4 T’s for reversible causes of cardiac arrest

Answer 26

Tamponade

Tension Pneumothorax

Thromboembolism

Toxin

Question 27

Moon Face

Purple Striae

Weight Gain

Hypertension

Answer 27

Cushing’s Syndrome

= high levels of cortisol

Question 28

Hypertension

Big feet and hands, prominent jaw

Answer 28

Acromegaly

Excess of growth hormone

Question 29

Treatment for Malignant Hypertension

Answer 29

Sodium Nitroprusside

= vasodilator given by infusion

Question 30

The pulse is regular and jerky in character: the cardiac impulse is hyperdynamic and not displaced.

There is a mid-systolic murmur with no ejection click, loudest at the left sternal edge

Answer 30

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Question 31

There is a soft late systolic murmur radiating to the axilla

Answer 31

Mitral Valve Prolapse (resembles mitral regurgitation)

Question 32

There is a harsh pan-systolic murmur, loudest at the lower left sternal edge and inaudible at the apex. The apex is not displaces and it doesn’t intensify on inspiration

Answer 32

Ventricular Septal Defect

Question 33

Osler Nodes

Answer 33

= endocarditis

• Painful and seen on the tips of the fingers and toes

Question 34

Petechiae

Answer 34

= endocarditis

Pale blanching of the skin/nails

Question 35

Janeway Lesion’s

Answer 35

= endocarditis

• Blanching macules which are usually non-tender

Question 36

Investigation of paroxysmal SVT

Answer 36

Holter monitoring

Question 37

Investigation of neurogenic/vasovagal syncope

Answer 37

Tilt Table Testing

Question 38

Investigation if CANNOT do exercise ECG (but suspect angina)

Answer 38

Thallium scanning

Stress Echo

Question 39

Hyperthyroidism

Answer 39

Weight loss

Intolerance to heat

Tremor

Weakness

Palpitations

Question 40

S/E of Amiodarone

Answer 40

Hyperthyroidism

Question 41

B Blockers

Verapamil

Answer 41

SHOULDN’ T BE USED TOGETHER