Gastro Flashcards
Most common site of gastric cancer is
Pyloric area (50%)
2- lesser curvature (25%)
3- Cardia and body
4- LEAST Greater curvature (3-5%)
Incidence of gastric cancer has diclined in which type ?
Distal stomach and intestinal type
Proximal cancers in stomach have :
Declined or arised ?
Arised (related to barrett esophagus and GERD?)
Complication of GERD
Barrets esophagus
Squamous cell epithelium -> gastric type glandular epi with intestinal metaplasia
Ulceratiin with stricture formation
Glandular dysplasia with risk for adenomacarcinoma
The most common malignancy of the stomach
Gastric adenocarcinoma 90%
Symptoms : dyspepsia
Dysphagia
Nausea
EBV-positive gastric tumors occurs in
Proximal stomach and most commonly have a diffuse morphology with a marked lymphocytic infiltrate
Prognostic indicators for gastric cancer
Depth of invasion and extent of nodal and distant metastasis at time of diagnostic
5-year survival rate for advanced gastric cancer
Below 20%
5% of all gastric malignancies are
Primary lymphomas ->1- most common is indolent extranodal marginal zone B cell lymphomas = lymphomas = MALTomas
2nd most common : diffuse large B cell lymphoma
Gastric Carcinoid may be associated with
Endocrine cell hyperplasia
Chronic atrophic gastritis
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
(They grow slower than carcinoma)
Low or intermediate grade neuroendocrine tumors
High grade neuroendocrine tumors = neuroendocrine carcinoma
Display necrosis and are found in Jejunum
Hirschsprung disease
1/5000
Congenital defect in innervation of colon (defective neural crest cell migration from cecum to rectum-> functional obstruction)
Heterozygous loss of function mutations in the receptor tyrosine kinase RET account for majority of familial cases and 15% of sporadic cases
More common in male
But more severe in female
Abetalipoproteinemia
Mutation in microsomal triglyceride transfer proteins and free fatty acids
Dermatitis Herpetiformis
10% on children suffering from Celiac disease
Kayser-Fleischer rings
Sign of Wilson disease
Dark ring that encircle iris
Due to copper depo in part of the cornea
Wilson disease
Low blood ceruloplasmin level
Neurological symptoms
And KF rings
Mittelschmerz
Pain associated with ovulation
Most common tumor of the appendix is
Carcinoid
Pseudomyxoma peritonei
Fatal
Semisolid mucin
Cushing ulcer
Gastric ulcer associated with intracranial pressure
Also called Rokitansky-Cushing syndrome
