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Buzzword city > Gastro > Flashcards

Gastro Flashcards

1
Q

Villous atrophy, crypt hyperplasia and lymphocyte infiltration

A

Coeliac disease

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2
Q

Bile stained vomitus

A

Small bowel obstruction

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3
Q

Pointing sign

A

PUD

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4
Q

Vomit 10 times then last one had blood

A

Mallory-Weiss tear

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5
Q

Projectile vomiting in kid

A

Pyloric stenosis

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6
Q

RUQ pain, fever, jaundice

A

Charcot’s triad of ascending cholangitis

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7
Q

Cullen’s sign

A

Necrotising pancreatitis

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8
Q

Anti-SMA

A

Autoimmune hepatitis

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9
Q

AMA (anti-mitochondrial antibodies)

A

Primary biliary cirrhosis

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10
Q

IgA deficiency

A

Coeliac disease

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11
Q

Beading on ERCP

A

Primary sclerosing cholangitis

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12
Q

Grey-Turner’s sign

A

Necrotising pancreatitis, retroperitoneal bleeding

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13
Q

Anti-endomysial antibodies

A

Coeliac disease

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14
Q

Serum ceruloplasmin

A

Wilson’s disease

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15
Q

Perls/Prussian blue stain

A

Haemochromatosis (staining for iron)

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16
Q

Skip lesions, cobblestoning

A

Crohn’s disease

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17
Q

Murphy’s sign positive

A

Cholecystitis

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18
Q

Elevated lipase/amylase

A

Pancreatitis

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19
Q

AST:ALT >2:1

A

Alcoholic liver disease

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20
Q

Painless jaundice

A

Head of pancreas carcinoma (Courvoisier’s sign)

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21
Q

Liver cirrhosis with lung disease

A

Alpha 1 anti-trypsin deficiency

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22
Q

Positive slipping sign

A

Lipoma

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23
Q

Kayser-Fleischer rings

A

Wilson’s disease

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24
Q

Apple-core sign

A

Colorectal cancer

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25
Q

Diarrhoea and PR bleeding following usual constipation

A

Diverticulitis

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26
Q

Early satiety and constitutional symptoms

A

Gastric cancer

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27
Q

Transmural inflammation

A

Crohn’s disease

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28
Q

Anti-transglutaminase or anti-gliadin

A

Coeliac disease

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29
Q

String sign on barium enema

A

Crohn’s disease

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30
Q

Pseudopolyps

A

Ulcerative colitis

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31
Q

Lump below inguinal ligament which disappears upon lying down with distended veins

A

Saphena varix

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32
Q

Coffee bean appearance on X-ray

A

Sigmoid volvulus

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33
Q

Corkscrew oesophagus

A

Diffuse oseophageal spasm OR presbyoesophagus

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34
Q

Rokitansky-Aschoff sinus

A

Chronic cholecystitis

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35
Q

Prophylactic drug against SBP

A

Bactrim 2nd line - norfloxacin

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36
Q

Leather bottle stomach

A

Diffuse stomach cancer

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37
Q

Blood in the stool with changing bowel habit

A

Colorectal cancer

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38
Q

Pneumonuria

A

Fistula formation (Crohn’s disease)

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39
Q

Ringed oesophagus

A

Eosinophilic oesophagitis

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40
Q

Toxic megacolon as a complication

A

Ulcerative colitis

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41
Q

Signet ring cells

A

Gastric cancer

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42
Q

Thumb printing

A

Ulcerative colitis On AXR, due to oedema

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43
Q

CEA

A

Colorectal cancer Monitoring

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44
Q

CA 19-9

A

Pancreatic cancer

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45
Q

Macronodular cirrhosis

A

Typically hepatitis

46
Q

Micronodular cirrhosis

A

Typically alcoholic liver disease

47
Q

Alternating between constipation and diarrhoea

A

IBS

48
Q

Lead pipe sign

A

Ulcerative colitis

49
Q

Dysphagia post antibiotic use

A

Oesophagitis caused by doxycycline

50
Q

Fried rice

A

Bacillus cereus

51
Q

Diarrhoea and vomiting 1-6 hours after ingestion of food that has been ‘left around’

A

Staph. aureus

52
Q

Chronic, offensive, watery diarrhoea

A

Giardia lamblia

53
Q

Diarrhoea post abx use

A

C. difficile Pseudomembranous colitis

54
Q

Subacute, worsening diarrhoea with jaundice

A

Entamoeba histolytica

55
Q

Rice-water stools

A

Vibrio cholerae

56
Q

Diarrhoea with neurological motor symptoms

A

Campylobacter jejuni

57
Q

Diarrhoea in an HIV positive patient

A

Shigella OR cryptosporidium

58
Q

Bloody diarrhoea after eating chicken

A

Salmonella typhi

59
Q

Bloody diarrhoea in nursing home

A

E. coli

60
Q

Pain on defecation and skin tag

A

Anal fissure

61
Q

Micronodular cirrhotic liver node

A

Hepatocellular carinoma

62
Q

Malabsorption and painful blisters on the skin

A

Coeliac disease (Dermatitis herpeteformis)

63
Q

Track marks

A

IVDU

64
Q

Nutmeg liver

A

RHF/paracetamol overdose

65
Q

a-fetoprotein

A

Hepatocellular carcinoma

66
Q

Mallory hyalin

A

Alcoholic liver disease, NASH

67
Q

Jaundice, xanthelasma and pruritis

A

Primary biliary cirrhosis

68
Q

Epigastric pain relieved by eating

A

Duodenal ulcer

69
Q

Epigastric pain aggravated by eating

A

Peptic ulcer

70
Q

Multiple duodenal ulcers unresponsive to antacids

A

Gastrinoma (Zollinger-Ellison syndrome)

71
Q

Obese man with dry cough after URTI, worse with eating

A

GORD

72
Q

Liver mass and lethargy after working on a farm

A

Hydatid cyst

73
Q

Ascites and lower thigh paraesthesia

A

Meralgia paraesthetica

74
Q

Associated with PSC

A

UC

75
Q

Hepatomegaly + abdominal pain + ascites + hypercoagulable state

A

Budd-Chiari syndrome

76
Q

Sentinel loop + absent psoas shadow on AXR

A

Acute pancreatitis

77
Q

Constipation + PR bleeding + dark freckles on skin and mucosa

A

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

78
Q

Scrotal swelling with impalpable testis

A

Hydrocoele

79
Q

Rx rectal carcinoma with anal inolvement

A

Abdominoperineal resection

80
Q

Rx perforated sigmoid

A

Hartmann’s

81
Q

Rx toxic megacolon

A

Subtotal colectomy with ileostomy

82
Q

Porcelain gallbladder

A

Gallbladder carcinoma (calcification)

83
Q

Haematemesis in burns patient

A

Gastric erosions (Cushings stress ulcer)

84
Q

Superficial ulceration with chronic inflammatory infiltrate, goblet cell depletion and crypt abscesses

A

Crohn’s disease

85
Q

Chronic pancreatitis + epigastric mass + epigastric pain + vomiting

A

Pancreatic pseudocyst

86
Q

Dark gastric lesion in HIV patient

A

Kaposi’s sarcoma

87
Q

Punched out ulcer

A

Chronic peptic ulcer

88
Q

Positive CLO

A

H. pylori

89
Q

Succession splash

A

Pyloric stenosis

90
Q

Hernia through the semilunar line

A

Spigelian hernia

91
Q

Renal colic in patient with resection of terminal ileum

A

Oxalate stones

92
Q

Eye involvement in IBD

A

Iritis/anterior uveitis

93
Q

Hernia lateral to inferior epigastric vessels

A

Indirect hernia

94
Q

Diarrhoea mimicking appendicitis

A

Yersinia enterolytica

95
Q

Diarrhoea causing HUS in a child after eating raw beef

A

EHEC

96
Q

Abdominal pain with meals in a known arteriopath

A

Ischaemia

97
Q

Lesion 60cm from ileocaecal valve (Gamma camera)

A

Meckel’s diverticulum

98
Q

Jaundice + dementia

A

Wilson’s disease

99
Q

Jaundice with positive p-ANCA

A

PSC

100
Q

Elderly with chronic constipation, pain on defecation and tenesmus

A

Rectal prolapse

101
Q

Small painless lump under healing sutures

A

Resolving haematoma

102
Q

PAS showing cytoplasmic granules in hepatocytes

A

Alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency

103
Q

Car salesman

A

Alcoholism

104
Q

DRUG SE: antacid causing constipation

A

Aluminium salt

105
Q

DRUG: acute UC

A

IV hydrocortisone

106
Q

DRUG: IBS

A

Hyoscine OR mebeverine

107
Q

DRUG SE: antacid causing diarrhoea

A

Magnesium salt

108
Q

DRUG SE: vaginal bleeding, diarrhoea

A

Misoprostol

109
Q

DRUG SE: gynaecomastia (7)

A

Cimetidine, cannabis, digoxin, spironolactone, cyproterone, oestrogen “Beware the dyspeptic hippie with atrial fibrillation, heart failure and carcinoma of the prostate”

110
Q

DRUG: induction drugs for UC

A
  • Mesalazine +5-aminosalicylate
  • Hydrocortisone (severe)

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