Gastro Flashcards
1
Q
Villous atrophy, crypt hyperplasia and lymphocyte infiltration
A
Coeliac disease
2
Q
Bile stained vomitus
A
Small bowel obstruction
3
Q
Pointing sign
A
PUD
4
Q
Vomit 10 times then last one had blood
A
Mallory-Weiss tear
5
Q
Projectile vomiting in kid
A
Pyloric stenosis
6
Q
RUQ pain, fever, jaundice
A
Charcot’s triad of ascending cholangitis
7
Q
Cullen’s sign
A
Necrotising pancreatitis
8
Q
Anti-SMA
A
Autoimmune hepatitis
9
Q
AMA (anti-mitochondrial antibodies)
A
Primary biliary cirrhosis
10
Q
IgA deficiency
A
Coeliac disease
11
Q
Beading on ERCP
A
Primary sclerosing cholangitis
12
Q
Grey-Turner’s sign
A
Necrotising pancreatitis, retroperitoneal bleeding
13
Q
Anti-endomysial antibodies
A
Coeliac disease
14
Q
Serum ceruloplasmin
A
Wilson’s disease
15
Q
Perls/Prussian blue stain
A
Haemochromatosis (staining for iron)
16
Q
Skip lesions, cobblestoning
A
Crohn’s disease
17
Q
Murphy’s sign positive
A
Cholecystitis
18
Q
Elevated lipase/amylase
A
Pancreatitis
19
Q
AST:ALT >2:1
A
Alcoholic liver disease
20
Q
Painless jaundice
A
Head of pancreas carcinoma (Courvoisier’s sign)
21
Q
Liver cirrhosis with lung disease
A
Alpha 1 anti-trypsin deficiency
22
Q
Positive slipping sign
A
Lipoma
23
Q
Kayser-Fleischer rings
A
Wilson’s disease
24
Q
Apple-core sign
A
Colorectal cancer
25
Diarrhoea and PR bleeding following usual constipation
Diverticulitis
26
Early satiety and constitutional symptoms
Gastric cancer
27
Transmural inflammation
Crohn's disease
28
Anti-transglutaminase or anti-gliadin
Coeliac disease
29
String sign on barium enema
Crohn's disease
30
Pseudopolyps
Ulcerative colitis
31
Lump below inguinal ligament which disappears upon lying down with distended veins
Saphena varix
32
Coffee bean appearance on X-ray
Sigmoid volvulus
33
Corkscrew oesophagus
Diffuse oseophageal spasm OR presbyoesophagus
34
Rokitansky-Aschoff sinus
Chronic cholecystitis
35
Prophylactic drug against SBP
Bactrim 2nd line - norfloxacin
36
Leather bottle stomach
Diffuse stomach cancer
37
Blood in the stool with changing bowel habit
Colorectal cancer
38
Pneumonuria
Fistula formation (Crohn's disease)
39
Ringed oesophagus
Eosinophilic oesophagitis
40
Toxic megacolon as a complication
Ulcerative colitis
41
Signet ring cells
Gastric cancer
42
Thumb printing
Ulcerative colitis On AXR, due to oedema
43
CEA
Colorectal cancer Monitoring
44
CA 19-9
Pancreatic cancer
45
Macronodular cirrhosis
Typically hepatitis
46
Micronodular cirrhosis
Typically alcoholic liver disease
47
Alternating between constipation and diarrhoea
IBS
48
Lead pipe sign
Ulcerative colitis
49
Dysphagia post antibiotic use
Oesophagitis caused by doxycycline
50
Fried rice
Bacillus cereus
51
Diarrhoea and vomiting 1-6 hours after ingestion of food that has been 'left around'
Staph. aureus
52
Chronic, offensive, watery diarrhoea
Giardia lamblia
53
Diarrhoea post abx use
C. difficile Pseudomembranous colitis
54
Subacute, worsening diarrhoea with jaundice
Entamoeba histolytica
55
Rice-water stools
Vibrio cholerae
56
Diarrhoea with neurological motor symptoms
Campylobacter jejuni
57
Diarrhoea in an HIV positive patient
Shigella OR cryptosporidium
58
Bloody diarrhoea after eating chicken
Salmonella typhi
59
Bloody diarrhoea in nursing home
E. coli
60
Pain on defecation and skin tag
Anal fissure
61
Micronodular cirrhotic liver node
Hepatocellular carinoma
62
Malabsorption and painful blisters on the skin
Coeliac disease (Dermatitis herpeteformis)
63
Track marks
IVDU
64
Nutmeg liver
RHF/paracetamol overdose
65
a-fetoprotein
Hepatocellular carcinoma
66
Mallory hyalin
Alcoholic liver disease, NASH
67
Jaundice, xanthelasma and pruritis
Primary biliary cirrhosis
68
Epigastric pain relieved by eating
Duodenal ulcer
69
Epigastric pain aggravated by eating
Peptic ulcer
70
Multiple duodenal ulcers unresponsive to antacids
Gastrinoma (Zollinger-Ellison syndrome)
71
Obese man with dry cough after URTI, worse with eating
GORD
72
Liver mass and lethargy after working on a farm
Hydatid cyst
73
Ascites and lower thigh paraesthesia
Meralgia paraesthetica
74
Associated with PSC
UC
75
Hepatomegaly + abdominal pain + ascites + hypercoagulable state
Budd-Chiari syndrome
76
Sentinel loop + absent psoas shadow on AXR
Acute pancreatitis
77
Constipation + PR bleeding + dark freckles on skin and mucosa
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
78
Scrotal swelling with impalpable testis
Hydrocoele
79
Rx rectal carcinoma with anal inolvement
Abdominoperineal resection
80
Rx perforated sigmoid
Hartmann's
81
Rx toxic megacolon
Subtotal colectomy with ileostomy
82
Porcelain gallbladder
Gallbladder carcinoma (calcification)
83
Haematemesis in burns patient
Gastric erosions (Cushings stress ulcer)
84
Superficial ulceration with chronic inflammatory infiltrate, goblet cell depletion and crypt abscesses
Crohn's disease
85
Chronic pancreatitis + epigastric mass + epigastric pain + vomiting
Pancreatic pseudocyst
86
Dark gastric lesion in HIV patient
Kaposi's sarcoma
87
Punched out ulcer
Chronic peptic ulcer
88
Positive CLO
H. pylori
89
Succession splash
Pyloric stenosis
90
Hernia through the semilunar line
Spigelian hernia
91
Renal colic in patient with resection of terminal ileum
Oxalate stones
92
Eye involvement in IBD
Iritis/anterior uveitis
93
Hernia lateral to inferior epigastric vessels
Indirect hernia
94
Diarrhoea mimicking appendicitis
Yersinia enterolytica
95
Diarrhoea causing HUS in a child after eating raw beef
EHEC
96
Abdominal pain with meals in a known arteriopath
Ischaemia
97
Lesion 60cm from ileocaecal valve (Gamma camera)
Meckel's diverticulum
98
Jaundice + dementia
Wilson's disease
99
Jaundice with positive p-ANCA
PSC
100
Elderly with chronic constipation, pain on defecation and tenesmus
Rectal prolapse
101
Small painless lump under healing sutures
Resolving haematoma
102
PAS showing cytoplasmic granules in hepatocytes
Alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency
103
Car salesman
Alcoholism
104
DRUG SE: antacid causing constipation
Aluminium salt
105
DRUG: acute UC
IV hydrocortisone
106
DRUG: IBS
Hyoscine OR mebeverine
107
DRUG SE: antacid causing diarrhoea
Magnesium salt
108
DRUG SE: vaginal bleeding, diarrhoea
Misoprostol
109
DRUG SE: gynaecomastia (7)
Cimetidine, cannabis, digoxin, spironolactone, cyproterone, oestrogen "Beware the dyspeptic hippie with atrial fibrillation, heart failure and carcinoma of the prostate"
110
DRUG: induction drugs for UC
* Mesalazine +5-aminosalicylate
* Hydrocortisone (severe)
