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Finals round 2 lol > Gastro > Flashcards

Gastro Flashcards

1
Q

fSBP prophylaxis

A

Ciprofloxacin

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2
Q

Hepatic encephalopathy medical treatment

A

Lactulose + rifaximin

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3
Q

Medical treatment of hypercalciuria/renal stones

A

Thiazide diuretics

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4
Q

dietary changes with ascites

A

low sodium diet

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5
Q

Liver failure following cardiac arrest

A

ischaemic hepatitis

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6
Q

What cancer can develop with PSC

A

Cholangicarcinoma

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7
Q

antibiotic most liekly to cause pseudomembranous colitis

A

aka c.diff
cefrtriaxone

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8
Q

GORD complications

A
  • oesophageal carcinoma
  • Barretts oesophagus
  • Anaemia
  • Benign strictures
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9
Q

infectious colitis: stools that float + history of swimming pools

A

giardia

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10
Q

acute pancreatitis complications

A
  • peripancreatic fluid collections
  • pseudocysts
  • pancreatic nercrosis
  • pancreatic abscess
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11
Q

gold standard pancreatic cancer test

A

HRCT: double duct sign

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12
Q

What may you seen on FBC with alcoholic liver disease

A

macrocytic anaemia

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13
Q

How is NAFLD monitored

A

ELF to look for advanced fibrosis

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14
Q

Complications of cirrhosis

A
  • ascites
  • varices
  • hepatic encephalopath
  • hepatocellular carcinoma
  • hepatopulmonary syndrome
  • coagulation disorders.
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15
Q

screening for liver cancer

A

anyone with cirrhosis (US and AFP) every 6 months to look for HCC

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16
Q

tumour marker for pancreatic and cholangiocarcinoma

A

raised ca 19-9

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17
Q

treatment of pyoderma gangronosum

A

oral pred

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18
Q

most common antibiotic regimen

A

IV metronidazole and IV cefuroxime (cholangitis + appendicitis)

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19
Q

skin change with coeliacs

A
  • angular stomatitis
  • dermatitis herpetiformis
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20
Q

x-ray finding in bowel obstruction

A

dilated bowel loops

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21
Q

pernicious anaemia predisposes you to what cancer

A

gastric

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22
Q

What antibodies are associated with hepatitis

A

anti-smooth muscle or anti liver/kidney microsomal antibodies.

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23
Q

most likely area to be affected by ischaemic colitis

A

splenic flexure

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24
Q

vomiting, subcutaneous emphysema, severe retrosternal chest pain

A

oesophageal rupture

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25
Q

What cancer with coeliac

A

enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma

26
Q

SE of omeprazole

A

MNOP = Hypomagnesemia, Hyponatraemia, Osteoporosis, Poo (C diff)

27
Q

what vessels involved in gastric and duodenal ulcer perforations

A

Gastric ulcer = LGA and splenic artery
*LGA supply lesser curvature which is common location for G astric ulcer

Duodenal ulcer = Gastroduodenal

28
Q

Liver failure triad

A

encephalopathy, jaundice and coagulopathy

29
Q

double duct sign

A

pancreatic cancer

30
Q

treatment of achalasia

A

Heller cardiomyotomy

31
Q

score for liver cirrhosis

A

Child-Pugh Score measures cirrhosis severity. ‘Pour Another Beer At Eleven’ - PT, Albumin, Bilirubin, Ascites, Encephalopathy

32
Q

sites of vitamin absorption

A

Dude I Just Feel Ill Bro
Sites of Absorption: Duodenum (Iron), Jejunum (Folate), Ileum (B12)

33
Q

acute mesenteric ischaemia treatment

A

urgent laparotomy

34
Q

most common cause of diarrhoea in HIV

A

Cryptosporidium

35
Q

CT scan diverticulitis

A

mural thickening of the colon and the presence of pericolic fat stranding in the sigmoid colon

36
Q

barretts oesophagus treatment

A
  • high-dose proton pump inhibitor
  • endoscopic surveillance with biopsies for patients with metaplasia (but not dysplasia) endoscopy is recommended every 3-5 years
  • if dysplasia of any grade is identified endoscopic intervention
37
Q

Which hepatitis is transferred through undercooked pork

A

hep e

38
Q

RF for high risk of hepatotoxicity following paracetamol overdose

A

chronic alcohol, HIV, anorexia or P450 inducers

39
Q

treatment of giardiasis

A

metronidazole

40
Q

blood film with hyposplenism

A

howell-jolly bodies and siderocytes

41
Q

bile acid malabsorption treatment

A

cholestyramine

42
Q

liver disease signs

A

jaundice, gynaecomastia, spider naevia, caput medusae and ascites.

43
Q

yellow fever symptoms

A

flu like illness → brief remission→ followed by jaundice and haematemesis

44
Q

most sensitive and specific lab finding for diagnosis of liver cirrhosis in those with chronic liver disease

A

platelets

45
Q

autoimmune heptatitis antibodies

A

anti-nuclear and/or anti-smooth muscle antibodies.

46
Q

Fetor hepaticus, sweet and fecal breath

A

acute liver failure

47
Q

what can sulphasalazine used in UC cause

A

haemolytic anamiea: heinz bodies

48
Q

absence of anti-HBcAg IgM

A

chronic infection

49
Q

what condition predisposes you to gallstones

A

crohns (cobbleSTONE)

50
Q

vitamin b12 deficiency treatment

A

Vitamin B12 1mg IM three times/week then 1mg IM every 3 months

51
Q

what happens to potassium in diarrhoea

A

hypo

52
Q

loss of haustra on barium enema

A

lead pipe: UC

53
Q

most common cause of oeseophageal cancer with gord/barrets vs achalasia/smoking

A

adeno: gord/barretts
SCC: achalasia

54
Q

investigation for budd chiari

A

doppler us

55
Q

SIBO treatment

A

rifaximin

56
Q

HNPCC

A
  1. Colorectal
  2. Endometrial/pancreatic
57
Q

causes of LBO

A
  1. cancer
  2. volvulus (sigmoid)
  3. diverticula (sigmoid colon)
58
Q

what laxative to avoid in iBS

A

lactulose : makes gas worse

59
Q

treatment of campylobacter jejuni

A

clarithromycin

60
Q

what antibiotic is used before endoscopy with upper GI bleeds

A

quinolones + terlipressin

61
Q

is constipation or diarrhoea more common in salmonella typhi

A

constipation

62
Q

diverticulitis flare

A

Patients with diverticulitis flares can be managed with oral antibiotics at home. If they do not improve within 72 hours, admission to hospital for IV ceftriaxone + metronidazole is indicated

Finals round 2 lol (24 decks)

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