Gas exchange occurs across specialized respiritory surfaces

Question 1

Gas exchange function

Answer 1

Supplies O2 for cellular respiration and disposes of CO2

Question 2

Partial pressure

Answer 2

the pressure exerted by a particular gas in the mixture of gases

Question 3

Diffusion of gases

Answer 3

Region of high partial pressure to low partial pressure

Question 4

Mediums animals can use of O2

Answer 4

Air and water

Question 5

Why does getting O2 from water require greater efficiency than air breathing

Answer 5

Less O2 available in water than air

Question 6

Respiratory surfaces

Answer 6

Large, moist for exchange of gases between their cells and the respiratory medium (air or water)

Question 7

Types of respiritory surfaces

Answer 7

Skin, gills, trachea, lungs

Question 8

Gills

Answer 8

Outfoldings of the body that create large surface area for gas exhange

Question 9

Ventilation

Answer 9

Moves respiritory medium over the respiratory surface

Question 10

Ventilation in aquatic animals

Answer 10

Aquatic animals move through water or move water over their gills for ventilation

Question 11

Countercurrent exchange

Answer 11

Used by fish gills. Blood flows in the opposite direction to water passing over the gills (blood is always less saturated with O2 than the water it meets)

Question 12

Insect tracheal systems consists of

Answer 12

Network of tracheal tubes that supply O2 directly to the body cells

Question 13

What systems are separate in insects

Answer 13

Respiratory and circulatory

Question 14

What must larger insects do

Answer 14

Ventilate their tracheal system to meet O2 demands

Question 15

Lungs

Answer 15

an infolding of the body surface

Question 16

Size and complexity of the lungs correlates with the organisms _________

Answer 16

metabolic rate

Question 17

What does the circulatory system do with the lungs

Answer 17

Transports gases between the lungs and the rest of the body

Question 18

Path of air to the lungs

Answer 18

Passes through the pharynx, trachea, brochi, and bronchioles to the alveoli

Question 19

Where does gas exhance occur

Answer 19

The alveoli

Question 20

What are alveoli

Answer 20

Air sacs at the tips of bronchioles

Question 21

Surfactants

Answer 21

Secretions that coat the surface of the alveoli because the alveoli lack cilia and are suseptible to contamination

Question 22

Why are preterm babies vulnerable to respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 22

They lack surfactants