Gallstone Flashcards
1
Q
Cause
A
Increase in choleterol and or bili
Decrease in bile salt
Stasis
2
Q
Cholesterol stone
A
Radiolucent (10-20% opaque due to calcification)
80% of stones
Associated with obesity, crohns’, CF, old age, clofibrate, estrogens, multiparity, rapid weight loss, native american
3
Q
Pigment stones
A
Radiopague
Seen in chronic hemolysis, alcoholic cirrhosis, advanced age, biliary infection
Balck: hemolysis
Brown: infection
4
Q
Complication
A
Often cause cholecystitis,
ascending cholangitis,
acute pancreatitis,
bile stasis
5
Q
Biliary colic
A
Neurohormonal activaiton (CCK after fatty meal) Triggers contraction of the gallbladder, forcing stone into the cystic duct May present without pain (in DM)
6
Q
Dx
A
US
Radionuclide biliary scan (HIDA)
7
Q
Cholecystitic
A
Inflammation of gallbladder
Usually from gallstones
Rarely from ischemia or infectious
Increase ALP if bile duct involved.
