Gait Flashcards
how many periods of single and double leg support are in one cycle
two
makes up 60-65% of walking cycle
stance phase
stance phase stages (5)
initial contact (heel strike)
load response (foot flat)
midstance (single-leg stance)
terminal stance (heel off)
preswing (toe off)
what phase is the closed kinetic chain phase of gait
stance phase
what accounts for the first 10% of gait cycle
initial contact (heel strike)
what happens in initial contact (heel strike)
one foot comes off floor
other foot accepts body weight and absorbs shock
b/c both feet are in contact w floor it is double leg stance
when the trunk is aligned w stance leg - pelvis drops slightly on swing leg side and rotates medially on same side = what phase
load response (weight acceptance)
trunk is aligned over stance leg and pelvis shows a slight drop to swing leg side = what stage
midstance (single leg support)
when does double support occur during stance phase
initial contact and preswing (toe off)
trunk is initially aligned over lower limbs and moves toward stance leg
pelvis initially level and posteriorly rotated and then dips to swing leg side - remaining posteriorly rotated =
terminal stance (heel off)
trunk remains erect, pelvis remains posteriorly rotated and hip is extended and slightly medially rotated
pre-swing (toe off)
occurs when foot is not weight bearing and is moving forward
swing phase
3 phases of swing stage
initial swing (acceleration)
mid-swing
terminal swing (deceleration)
what happens in initial swing
- knee flexion
- ankle dorsiflexion
- flexion/med rotation of hip & knee occur
- the pelvis rotates medially and dips to swing leg side
- the trunk is aligned w stance leg
hip continues to flex and rotate medially and knee reaches its maximum extension
trunk and pelvis maintain same position as before
terminal swing
(deceleration)
what would you suspect if base (step) width is wider
pathology resulting in poor balance (inner ear problem, cerebellar)
the linear distance in the plane of progression between successive points of foot-to floor contact of the same foot is referred to as
stride length
what keeps the centre of gravity from moving up and down more than 2 inches during normal gait
vertical pelvic shift
where is centre of gravity
2 inches anterior to second sacral vertebra
what is a self protective gait called that results from injury
antalgic gait
swing phase of unaffected leg decrease
stance phase on affected leg is shorter
shoter step length on uninvolved side, decreased walking velocity and decreased cadence
when pt lifts entire leg higher than normal to clear the ground bc of a stiff hip or knee =
arthrogenic gait
irregular, jerking, weaving gait =
ataxic
increased lumbar lordosis and extension of trunk combined w knee flexion to get foot off ground =
contracture gait
painful gait due to arthritis
pt lurches forward to affected side while pelvis stays level or elevated on contralateral side due to normal abductors on affected side
coxalgic gait
