Fungi Flashcards
Are fungi heterotrophic or autotrophic?
heterotrophic
Are fungi multicellular or unicellular
most are multicellular
are fungi photosynthetic
no
how to fungi digest food?
use enzymes and absorb it
what are saprophytes?
live off of dead organic matter
Fungi cell walls are are made out of what?
chitin
Fungi are composed of tiny filaments called?
hyphae
What are hyphae
long strings of cells
Hyphae can grow up to how much?
a kilometer
How do fungi reproduce asexually?
release haploid spores
example of unicellular fungi
yeast
example of multicellular fungi
mushrooms, molds
what is the name for the stages of a mushrooom
Basidiomycetes
What is stage 1 of Basidiomycetes
Dikaryotic
What does a mushroom contain in the dikaryotic stage?
2 haploid nuclei/cells
What is stage 2 of Basidiomycetes
Diploid
What happens in the diploid stage
Haploid nuclei fuse in fruiting body of mushroom forming diploid zygote
What is stage 3 of Basidiomycetes
Haploid
What happens in the haploid stage
zygote undergoes meisosis and forms haploid spores. Spores then germinate and fuse.
Example of Zygomycota
Common mold
How do Zygomycota reproduce?
conjugation
Example of ascomycota
Yeast, mildew
What are ascomycota?
Sac fungi which contain ascus
What are Basidiomycota
Fungi which contain fruiting bodies and basidium
What are Deuteromycota?
“imperfect fungi” (do not fit into the commonly established taxonomic classifications of fungi)
Do deuteromycota reproduce sexually?
it has not been observed
Example of Deuteromycota
Ringworm, athletes foot
What is ascus?
sac like structures that contain spores
What is basidium
spores bearing reproduction structures on the gills of the mushroom caps
What are mycorrihizae?
fungus roots
Mycorrhizae are _________ _________ of plant roots and fungi
mutualistic associations
Almost all ________ plants have mychorrhizae
vascular
Why are Fungi so important
they are decomposers
Example of pathogenic fungi
ringworm and athletes foot.
For plants: dutch elm disease, chestnut blight
Some species of ________ produce deadly toxins
mushrooms
What is an example of an antibiotic fungi?
penicillium
how does penicillium work?
produces enzymes that rupture bacterial cell walls
a mass of hyphae is called?
mycelium
