Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Trop Med > Free Living Ameoba > Flashcards

Free Living Ameoba Flashcards

1
Q

Skin lesion -> meningitis, free living ameoba organism most likely?

A

Ballamuthia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What clinical syndrome does N.Fowleri cause?

A

Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Rx of choice (most important) in Naegleri?

A

Ampho B, miltefosine (pt on round also on rifampicin and albendazole and fluconazole)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Who gets acanthamoeba? Clinical syndrome?

A

Immunosuppressed
Causes disseminated disease
Granulomatous meningitis
Through eyes (Keratitis - ppl with contact lens get this) OR eyes or sinuses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Infective stage of Naegleri fowleri?

A

Trophozoite -> cribriform plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Mode of transmission of acanthameoba?

A

trophozoite / cyst enters via nasal passage / eye / broken skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which of the free living amoebas do you see trophozoites in the CSF on microscopy?

A

N.Fowleri

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

∆∆ for leish (cutaneous) not responding to Rx?

A

Free living ameoba

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What do you see on microscopy in free living ameoba?

A

Look for Giant cells and trophozoite on direct smear with wet mount

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Rx of acanthamoeba?

A

pentamidine, sulfadiazine, flucytosine, and either fluconazole or itraconazole.

Lots of Rx options as per CDC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Mode of acquisition of naegleria fowleri?

A

exposure to warm fresh water - often swimming pool and lagoons - summer months, transmitted by olfactory epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Countries and epidemiology of free living ameobas?

A
  • USA, South America and some in Thailand/USA
  • Naergleria fowleri - more common in children and immunocompetent,
  • Balamuthia - hispanic
  • Acanthameoba - often immunosuppressed
  • Predominance of all strains in males
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which free living ameoba is associated with contact lens use?

A

Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK)
Associated with contact lens use
Occurs in immunocompetent people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Clinical features of ballamuthia mandrillaris

A
  • Painless facial or cutaneous lesion, several weeks incubation, slow growing, mostly nasal
  • Lesions in oral cavity
  • Causes granulomatous meingoencephalitis, insidious onset
  • Cervical lymph nodes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How does acanthameoba present?

A

Insidious onset, meningoencephalitis - granulomatous encephalitis
Immunocompromised
Sometimes have cutaneous skin lesions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How do you ∆ ballamuthia mandrillaris?

A

Tissue biopsy: granulomatous inflammation, with giant cells, lymphocytes, and visible amoeba

17
Q

How does meningitis occur from naergleri fowleri?

A

Transmitted to brain through olfactory nerve via cribriform plate

18
Q

Rx of naergleri fowleri?

A

IV amphotericin B + miltefisine + rifampicin
(+ azithro + fluconazole + albendazole)

19
Q

Differential diagnosis of central facial lesion?

A

Bacteria: rhinosceroderma (klebsiella), NOMA (borrerai), TB, NTM (chelonae, abscessans)
Fungi: paracocci, histo, zygomyces
Parasite: leish, free living ameoba
Non inf: lukaemia

20
Q

Investigations for naegleria fowleri?

A

CSF - aseptic on gram stain
- wet mount - see the ameoba
- WCC and protein will be raised

21
Q

How do you contract ballamuthia mandrillaris?

A

Break in skin, contact with fresh water

22
Q

What are the free living amoebas that cause disease in humans?

A

Ballamuthia mandrillaris, Naegleria fowleri, Acanthamoeba

23
Q

What is this?

A

Ballamuthia Mandrillasis

24
Q

How is B.mandrillasis transmitted?

A

Skin and sinuses

25
Q

When do patients with free living amoeba present with fever?

A

When they have CNS parasites -> leptomeningitis

26
Q

Management of ballamuthia mandrillaris?

A

9-12 months of Rx
Albendazole + Itraconazole
+ Miltefosine
+ Amphotericin B for 1st month

27
Q

Clinical features of naegleria fowleri?

A

Acute aseptic haemorrhagic meningoencephalitis (Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis, PAM)
- headache, fever
- acute and fulminant

28
Q

What is this?

A

Acanthameoba trophozoite - spine like projections

29
Q

What is this?

A

N.Fowleri

Trop Med (49 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions