Brucellosis Flashcards
What are the reservoirs for brucella species?
Melitensis - goat/sheep (most common)
Abortus - cattle, hyena, horse
Suis - pig
Diagnosis of brucella
GS: Culture
Agglutination test
Rose Bengal or TAT test - detects IgG and IgM
ELISA
Rapid test
PCR
Bone marrow biopsy in chronic form
What are the reservoirs for brucella species?
Melitensis - goat/sheep (most common)
Abortus - cattle, hyena, horse
Suis - pig
Contraction of brucellosis (Br.meliteneisis) associated with what?
Dairy products/goats cheese - unpasteurised
Direct contact with animals and their saliva - vets and abattoir workers
Highly infectious through aerosols - lab personnel at risk
Organism for brucellosis?
Brucella melitensis. Gram negative bacteria, brucella species
What is the Rx of brucellosis?
1 week of gentamicin and 6 weeks doxy
Contraction of brucellosis (Br.meliteneisis) associated with what?
Dairy products/goats cheese - unpasteurised
Direct contact with animals and their saliva - vets and abattoir workers
Highly infectious through aerosols - lab personnel at risk
Clinical features of acute brucellosis
Fever mainly at night, and extensive sweating
Arthralgia, myalgia, constipation
Weight loss
Mild derangement in liver enzymes and hepatomegaly
Arthritic disease - May present with spinal disease and back pain - lumbar, 2 or more vertebrae affected.
Can be spondylitis or sacroilitis
More severe clinical picture in females (linked to iron def)
Erythema nodosum
Posterior uveitis
High prevalence countries for brucella?
Middle East, Mexico, Peru, mediterranean
HIGHLY ENDEMIC IN SPAIN
Most common arthritic features of brucella?
The most frequent syndromes are unilateral sacroiliitis (US) and mono-arthritis
Gold standard Ix of choice for brucella?
Culture
Rx of brucella in under 7 yrs old?
Ceftriaxone 4 weeks plus amino glycoside
Rx of brucella in pregnancy?
Rifampin (6 weeks) + Aminoglycoside (1 week)
