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Certified Sommelier > France - Burgundy > Flashcards

France - Burgundy Flashcards

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1
Q

What type of climate does Burgundy have?

A

Continental. Rain, hail and spring frost are risks

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2
Q

What are the major grape varieties in Burgundy?

A

White: Chardonnay, Aligote
Red: Pinot Noir, Gamay

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3
Q

What are the soil types in Burgundy?

A

Northern: Chalk and clay marl
Southern: Granite

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4
Q

What are the labeling classifications in Burgundy?

A

Burgundy Red/White (basic regional wines)
Village wines: village name
Premiers Crus: village + vineyard name
Grands Crus: vineyard name

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5
Q

What is a negociant?

A

merchant who buys grapes/wine from small producers and sells the resulting wine under negociant’s name

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6
Q

What does the term ‘domaine’ indicate on a label?

A

That the entire process of growing and winemaking takes place at the property.

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7
Q

Define lieu dit (leh dee)

A

specific vineyard with name; “location”.

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8
Q

Define climat

A

Burgundian term for a specific vineyard site defined by, as the name suggests, all of its climatological as well as geographical characteristics, otherwise known as terroir. The French use the word climat interchangeable with ‘vineyard’. A climat is generally smaller then a specific appellation. The term climat for example may refer to a grand cru such as Richebourg.

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9
Q

What does the term ‘clos’ indicate on a label?

A

The vineyard is surrounded by a wall of stone

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10
Q

What does the term ‘monopole’ mean in Burgundy?

A

A piece of land with singel ownership (Romanee conti / La Tache)

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11
Q

Why is the quality of red wine in Burgundy difficult to predict?

A

The cool, northern climate can be rainy and lack sun - leading grapes to not fully ripen.

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12
Q

What are the districts of Burgundy:

A 
Chablis (Yonne)
Cote de Nuits (Cote d'Or)
Haute Cote de Nuits (Cote d'Or)
Cote de Beaune (Cote d'Or)
Hautes Cotes de Beaune (Cote d'Or)
Cote Chalonnaise
Cote Maconnais
Beaujolais
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13
Q

What are the two sub-regions that make up the cote d’or

A

Cote the Nuits and Cote de Beaune

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14
Q

What type of soil does Chablis have

A

Kimmeridgian clay and limestone

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15
Q

What is the Climate in Chablis

A

Continental

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16
Q

What are the climate risks in Chablis

A

Late frost (spring frost)

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17
Q

What is the quality hierarchy in Chablis (low to high)?

A

Petite Chablis
Chablis AOP
Chablis Premier Cru
Chablis Crand Cru

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18
Q

What are the 7 climats in Chablis Grand Cru

A 
Blanchot
Bougros
Grenouilles
Les Clos
Preuses
Valmur
Vaudésir
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19
Q

What is true about most Grand Cru vineyards in Chablis?

A

They have a Southwest exposure

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20
Q

Good Chablis can be said to have what unique flavour?

A

Gunflint (gout de pierre a fusil)

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21
Q

What are the village AOC of Cote de Nuits

A 
Marsannay
Fixin
Gevrey-Chambertin
Morey-St-Denis
Chambolle-Musigny
Vougeot
Vosne Romanee
Nuits-St-George
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22
Q

How many of the 24 Grand Cru appellations are in the Cote the Nuits

A

23

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23
Q

Grand Cru’s of Cevrey-Chambertin (8)

A 
Le Chambertin
Clos de Beze
Chapelle-Chambertin
Charmes-Chambertin
Criottes-Chambertin
Latricieres-Chambertin
Mazis Chambertin
Ruchottes-Chambertin
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24
Q

Grand Cru’s of Morey-St-Denis (5)

A 
Clos de Tart
Clos de la Roche
Clos St-Denis
Clos des Lambrays
Bonnes-Mares (part)
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25
Q

Grand Cru’s of Chambolle-Musigny (2)

A

Bonnes-Mares (Marjority)

Le Musigny

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26
Q

Grand Cru’s of Vougeot (1)

A

Clos de Vougeot

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27
Q

Grand Cru’s of Vosne-Romanee (6)

A 
Richebourg
La Tache
La Romanee
Romanee Conti
Romanee-St-Vivant
Grande Rue
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28
Q

Grand Gru’s of Flagey-Echezeaux (2)

A

Grands Echezeaux

Exchezeaux

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29
Q

What is the only white Grand Cru in the Cote the Nuits

A

Musigny

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30
Q

How many Grand Cru’s are there in the Cote de Beaune

A

7

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31
Q

Which Grand Cru is in the villages of Aloxe-Corton, Ladoix-Serringy and Pernand-Vergelesses

A

Corton-Charlemagne

32
Q

Which Grand Cru is in the village of Aloxe-Corton and mainly produces red wine and some white wine

A

Le Corton

33
Q

Which Grand Gru is only in Chassagne-Montrachet

A

Criots-Batard-Montrachet

34
Q

Which Grand Gru’s are only in Puligny-Montrachet

A

Le Montrachet
Chevalier-Montrachet
Bienvenues-Batard-Montrachet

35
Q

Which Grand Gru is in the village of Puligny- and Chassagne-Montrachet

A

Batard-Montrachet

36
Q

What are the village AOC of Cote de Beaune

A 
Pernand-Vergelesses
Aloxe-Corton
Ladoix-Serrigny
Savigny-les-Beaune
Chorey-les-Beaune
Beaune
Pommard
Volnay
Meursault
Ausey-Duresses
St-Romain
Blagny
Puligny-Montrachet
Chassagne-Montrachet
St-Aubin
Santenay
Dezize-les-Maranges
Cheilly-les-Maranges
Sampigny-les-Maranges
37
Q

Explain St-Bris AOC:

A

St-Bris is a white wine produced form Sauvignon Blanc and similar in style to the Sauvignon Blanc wines from the central vineyards of the Loire

38
Q

Explain Irancy AOC:

A

Irancy AOC is a red wine made in a small area within the St-Bris district. Made from the Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris and Cesar grapes and sold under the name Irancy.

39
Q

Explain Hautes-Cote de Beaune and Hautes-Cotes de Nuits

A

Appellations for white, red and rose wine. They are situated to the west of the Cote d’Or at a greater altitude. This currently causes difficulty in the ripening of the grapes, but with climate change they could become more important. These wines are generally lighter in style.

40
Q

Villages of the Cote Chalonnais

A 
Bouzeron
Rully 
Mercury
Givry
Montagny
41
Q

Bouzeron AOC

A

Produces dry white wines from the Aligote grape, with up to 15 percent chardonnay

42
Q

Villages of Maconnais

A 
Vergisson
Macon
Solutre
Saint-veran
Pouilly-Fuisse
Vinzelles
43
Q

Name the 10 Cru Beaujolais:

A 
St-Amour
Julienas 
Chenas
Moulin a Vent
Fleurie
Chiroubles
Morgon
Brouilly
Cote de Brouilly
Regnie
44
Q

What is the climate of Maconnais?

A

Slightly warmer and drier than the rest of Burgundy.

45
Q

What are common vinification practices in Maconnais?

A

Whites are mostly unoaked, with the exception in Pouilly-Fuisse.

46
Q

What is the soil type in Beaujolais?

A

Granite

47
Q

What is the climate type in Beaujolais?

A

Continental

48
Q

What is a common vinification practice in Beaujolais?

A

Carbonic Maceration

49
Q

Explain Carbonic Maceration

A

Whole clusters or berries of red grapes are sealed in a tank and then carbon dioxide is pumped in. In the absence of oxygen, intact whole berries undergo a short intracellular fermentation (glucose and malic acid to produce alcohol and carbon dioxide) without the aid of yeast. The grape will burst or be pressed and then ferment to dryness with the normal activity of yeast.

50
Q

What is the quality hierarchy in Beaujolais (low to high)?

A

Beaujolais
Beaujolais Nouveau
Beaujolais-Villages
Beaujolais Cru

51
Q

What are common vinification decisions in Cote d’Or?

A

Use of new oak increases with quality (Nuits reds use more oak than Beaune)
MLF
Use of either whole cluster or de-stemmed grapes

52
Q

Why is malolactic fermentation common in Chablis?

A

Wines are very high in acid due to early picking

53
Q

Maconnais wine

A

Also known as “Macon”
Burgundy’s center for large-volume production of Chardonnay
Lean, high in acidity, and vinified in stainless steel
Reds and Roses are Gamay based

54
Q

Characteristics of carbonic maceration wines

A

Fruity, highly floral, softer tannins

55
Q

Semi-carbonic Maceration

A

Carbon dioxide is not added to the vat, but produced naturally. Whole clusters at the bottom of the tank crush under the weight of those above and begin fermenting normally. The carbon dioxide released causes the whole berries above to ferment internally.

56
Q

Regional wines of Burgundy

A

Bourgogne AOC is the basic designation for red, white, and rose wines, and Cremant de Bourgogne (methode traditionnelle sparkling appellation).
Grapes may be sourced throughout Burgundy.

57
Q

Burgundy vs. Bordeaux Premier Cru and Grand Cru status

A 
Bordeaux = Status is awarded to the individual producer
Burgundy = Status is conferred upon the vineyard itself
58
Q

Premier Cru label

A

Village or Commune
Vineyard
“Premier Cru”

59
Q

Grand Cru label

A

Name of vineyard only
“Grand Cru”
(each vineyard is its own appellation)

60
Q

Best known fine wine in Maconnais

A

Pouilly-Fuisse

61
Q

What is the primary grape in the Grand Crus of the Côte de Nuits?

A

Pinot Noir

- Exception: Musigny Blanc is Chardonnay

62
Q

What is the primary grape in the Grand Crus of the Côte de Beaune?

A

Chardonnay

- Exception: Corton is Pinot Noir

63
Q

How many Grand Cru Villages are in the village of Mersault?

A

Zero

64
Q

The Grand Cru Bonne Mares is shared between Chambolle-Musigny and which other commune?

A

Morey-St-Denis

65
Q

Which is the largest of all of the Grand Cru in Burgundy?

A

Corton

66
Q

Which is the only Grand Cru in the Côte de Nuits legally allowed to produce red and white wines?

A

Chambolle-Musigny

67
Q

What grape is the base for the classic Kir cocktail?

A

Aligote

68
Q

What are the two sparkling wine AOPs in Burgundy?

A

Cremant de Bourgogne AOC

Bourgogne Mousseux AOC

69
Q

What is the largest Village appellation in the Côte d’Or?

A

Gevrey-Chambertin

70
Q

Beaujolais Nouveau is released annually on which day every year?

A

3rd Thursday of November

71
Q

What is a Burgundy Barrel called? How much does it hold?

A

Bourgogne Piece, 228 L

72
Q

Which commune in Burgundy is famous for making the most masculine expression of Pinot Noir?

A

Gevrey-Chambertin

73
Q

Beurot is a synonym for which grape?

A

Pinot Gris

74
Q

What three appellations in the Côte de Beaune are exclusive to red wine only?

A

Pommard
Volnay
Blagny

75
Q

Who is Aubert de Villaine?

A

Co-owner and Co-director of Domaine de la Romanee de Conti

Certified Sommelier (35 decks)

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