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Certified Sommelier > Chile & Argentina > Flashcards

Chile & Argentina Flashcards

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1
Q

Name the 6 DO’s of Chile from north to south

A
  • Atacama
  • Coquimbo
  • Aconcagua
  • Central Valley (Valle Central)
  • Sur (Southern Regions)
  • Austral Region
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2
Q

What is the climate in the Northern regions of Atacama and Coquimbo

A

Dry and dessert like, with grapes historically destined for Pisco production or tabel wines.

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3
Q

Where are the vineyards suitable for fine wines mainly located? And what is the climate like?

A

Valle Central (Central Valley) to the south of Santiago (capital).

Cool nighttime temperatures due to the proximity of the Andes, and cool sea from the maritieme Humboldt Current that flows inland through the river valleys.

Irrigation is still essential

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4
Q

When was Chilean wine law established?

A

1995

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5
Q

What is the required percentage for Vintage, Varietal, and Origin for Chilean wines, if listed on the bottle?

A

75% Domestic

85% in order to comply with EU standards for export

Only permitted varieties may be used

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6
Q

What is the minimum alcohol content in Chile for all wines?

A

11.5%

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7
Q

What is the minimum alcohol content for wines labelled Reserva and Reserva Especial?

A

12%

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8
Q

What is the minimum alcohol content for wines labelled Reserva Privada and Gran Reserva?

A

12.5% and must spend mandatory time in oak

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9
Q

Describe the DO Atacama

A

Most northern region of Chile
Viticulture is only possible through irrigation
Region’s wines are generally distilled (Pisco)

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10
Q

What are the sub regions of Coquimbo

A
  • Elqui valley: high altitude, syrah is gaining attention
  • Limari valley: limestone soils, fit for chardonnay
  • Choapa
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11
Q

What are the sub regions of Aconcagua

A
  • Aconcagua Valley
  • Valle de Casablanca
  • Valle de San Antonio
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12
Q

When became Errazuriz’s Sena famous?

A

Iconic Bordeaux style blend and one of the premier reds of Chile. Placed ahead of both Chateau Lafite and Chateau Margaux in the 2004 Berlin tasting.

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13
Q

Describe Aconcagua Valley

A

Sunny and dry
Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot dominate
Home to Errarzuriz wine estate

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14
Q

Describe Casablanca Valley

A

Situated along the coast
Among Chile’s coolest new winemaking zones
Porminent for fresh, crisp Sauvignon Blanc and Chardonnay

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15
Q

Sub Regions of San Antonio Valley

A

Leyda
Lo Abarca
Rosario
Malville

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16
Q

Describe San Antonio Valley

A

Like Casablanca, predominantly a white wine region, with also showing promising results for Pinot Noir

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17
Q

What are the Coastal regions of Aconcagua DO?

A

Casablanca valley and San Antonio

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18
Q

Where is Leyda located and what style of wine do they produce?

A

Located in the San Antonio Valley in Aconcagua. Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay and Pinot Noir

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19
Q

What are the subregions of Central Valley DO from north to south

A

Maipo Valley
Rapel Valley
Curico
Maule Valley

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20
Q

Describe Central Valley DO

A

Located between the Andes and the coastal ranges

Chile’s oldest and most established wine region

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21
Q

Describe Maipo Valley

A

Chile’s most famous winemaking area
Classic region for Cabernet Sauvignon
Followed by Merlot, Chardonnay and Carmenere

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22
Q

How is Chile’s largest producer?

A

Concha y Toro (Maipo Valley)

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23
Q

Concha Y Toro, Santa Rita and Cousino Macul are located in what region?

A

Maipo Valley

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24
Q

Almaviva Estate

A

A joint project between Baron Philippe de Rotschild (Mouton Rotschild) and Concha y Toro

First vintage 1996

Bordeaux blend, dominated by Cabernet Sauvignon

Located in Puente Alto sub region of Maipo Valley (Central Valley)

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25
Q

“Vinedo Chadwick”

A

Errazuriz estate. The 2000 Venedo Chadwick took first place in the 2004 Berlin Tasting

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26
Q

Sub regions of Rapel Valley

A

Cachapoal and Colchagua

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27
Q

Describe Rapel Valley

A

Located to the south of Maipo Valley

Cabernet Sauvignon is leading followed by Merlot and the growing importance of Carmenere.

28
Q

Describe Colchagua

A

The larger subregion of Rapel Valley. Characterized by a warm climate and fertile soils.

Bulk wine region in general

High quality wines form higher altitude subregions in the east, such as San Fernando and Chimbarongo

29
Q

“Purple Angel”

A

One of Chile’s highest-profile Carmenere varietal wines from Calchagau fruit.

30
Q

Describe Maule Valley

A

One of Chile’s largest regions. Mainly bulk wines meant for local consumption.

31
Q

DOs of Sur (Southern Regions)

A

Itata
Bio Bio
Malleco

32
Q

Describe DO Sur

A

Pais and Muscat Alexandria are the most planed grapes in Itata and Bio Bio. Malleco is a small region with just a few hectares of Pinot Noir and Chardonnay.

33
Q

Which is larger, the Cachapoal Valley or the Colchagua Valley?

A

Colchagua Valley

34
Q

What two subregions are within Curico?

A

Lontué and Teno

35
Q

What Current influences Chile?

A

The Humboldt Current

36
Q

What is the Zonda (Argentina)?

A

A warm and dry wind that blows down from the Andes Mountains in Spring and Summer that can dry out vineyards and adversely affect flowering.

37
Q

Name three geographic terms introduces by the Chilean Ministry of Agriculture

A

Coasta (proximity to the coast)
Entre Cordilleras (between mountains)
Andes (proximity to the Andes)

In order to qualify for one of these designations, at least 85% of the grapes must be harvested in the appropriate region.

38
Q

Describe the climate of Argentina

A

Continental climate

Rain shadow effect caused by the Andes Mountains, little rainfall. Irrigation from the Andes is necessary.

Hazards are; Zonda wind and spring and summer hail.

39
Q

Three large economic regions of Argentina:

A

North Region
Cuyo Region
Patagonia Region

40
Q

In the north region of Argentina are the wine regions of?

A

Salta and Catamarca

41
Q

In the Cuyo region of Argentina are the wine regions of?

A

La Rioja, San Juan and Mendoza

42
Q

In the Patagonia region of Argentina are the wine regions of?

A

Nuequen, Rio Negro and la Pampa

43
Q

What is the main grape variety for quality wine in Argentina?

A

Malbec

44
Q

Jujuy

A

Argentina’s highest and most northerly wine region

Wine rarely get exported

Torrontes is the main variety

45
Q

Salta

A

Generally referred to as Argentina’s most northerly wine region (although Jujuy actually is)

High elevated vineyards 1700-2400 the highest in the world, providing cooler temperatures.

Torrontes is the major white grape

Malbec, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah and Tannat are the main black varieties.

46
Q

Cafayata Valley

A

Sub region of Salta

Famous for outstanding Torrontes wines

47
Q

Catamarca

A

Immediately south of Salta

Extremely mountainous

Majority of grapes are distilled into brandy or used for local wine

48
Q

Argentina’s most important black grapes:

A 
Malbec
Bonarda
Cabernet Sauvignon
Syrah
Merlot
Tempranillo
49
Q

Bonarda

A

Argentina’s second most planted grape

Clone of Savoie’s Corbeau, known as Charbono in the United States

50
Q

Argentina’s most planted white grape?

A

Pedro Gimenez (unrelated to Spain’s Pedro Ximenez)

Mainly used in the production of bulk wines

51
Q

Torrontes

A

The second most planted white grape in Argentina

52
Q

What is the name for Bonarda in the U.S?

A

Charbono

53
Q

What are the pink-skinned varietals that occupy 30% of Argentina’s Acreage?

A

Cereza
Criolla Chica
Criolla Grande

54
Q

What are the aging requirements for Reserva and Gran Reserva in Argentina?

A

Reserva:
6 months aging for white and 12 months for red

Gran Reserva:
12 months aging for whites and 24 months for red

55
Q

Flambala Valley

A

Sub region of Catamarca

56
Q

La Rioja

A

Small region to the south of Catamarca

Famatina Valley is the most important sub-region

Malbec and Torrontes are the most widely planted

57
Q

San Juan

A

Argentina’s second largest producer of wine next to Mendoza.

The hot summer climate is ideal for grapes destined for brandy and vermouth production. Also the regions sherry style wines are reasonably good in quality

58
Q

Sub-region of San Juan

A 
Tulum
Zonda
Ullum
Jachal
Fertil Valleys
59
Q

Mendoza

A

The center of Argentinean wine industry and the largest wine region of Argentina.

60
Q

Sub-regions of Mendoza

A 
Uco Valley (900-1400)
Northern Mendoza
Eastern Mendoza
Central Mendoza
Southern Mendoza
61
Q

Uco Valley districts

A

Tupungato (chardonnay and semillon)
San Carlos
Tunuyan

62
Q

What is the principal grape in southern Mendoza

A

Chenin Blanc

63
Q

What is the prominent grape of Tucamán?

A

Torrontes

64
Q

What province encompasses La Rioja, San Juan, and Mendoza?

A

Cuyo

65
Q

What is the most famous region with la Rioja?

A

Famatina Valley

66
Q

Lujan de Cuyo

A

DOC of Mendoza only Malbec is permitted

67
Q

San Rafael

A

DOC of Mendoza in the Soutern Mendoza.

Certified Sommelier (35 decks)

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