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Sam’s World History > FRANCE > Flashcards

FRANCE Flashcards

1
Q

Who was the first King of France?

A

Clovis I

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2
Q

Which dynasty did King Louis XIV belong to?

A

The Bourbon dynasty

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3
Q

True or False: King Louis XVI was executed during the French Revolution.

A

True

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The period of absolute monarchy in France is often associated with King _____ .

A

Louis XIV

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5
Q

What was the primary residence of the French monarchy during the reign of Louis XIV?

A

The Palace of Versailles

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6
Q

Who was known as the Sun King?

A

Louis XIV

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7
Q

Which king is credited with the Edict of Nantes?

A

Henry IV

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8
Q

What was the significance of the Edict of Nantes?

A

It granted religious freedom to Huguenots.

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9
Q

Which king was known for his role during the Hundred Years’ War?

A

Charles VII

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10
Q

True or False: King Philip II of France was known as Philip Augustus.

A

True

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11
Q

Who was the last king of France before the abolition of the monarchy?

A

Louis XVI

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12
Q

Fill in the blank: The French Revolution began in _____ .

A

1789

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13
Q

Which French king was known for his military campaigns in Italy?

A

Francis I

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14
Q

What was the name of the dynasty that ruled France from 987 to 1328?

A

The Capetian dynasty

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15
Q

Who was the king during the construction of the Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris?

A

Louis VII

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16
Q

Which king is associated with the phrase ‘L’état, c’est moi’?

A

Louis XIV

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17
Q

True or False: Charles X was the last king of the Bourbon restoration.

A

True

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18
Q

What major event marked the end of the reign of King Louis XVI?

A

His execution by guillotine

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19
Q

Who was the king known for his support of the arts and culture during the Renaissance?

A

Francis I

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20
Q

Fill in the blank: _____ was the king during the French Revolution and was executed in 1793.

A

Louis XVI

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21
Q

Which king initiated the construction of the Palace of Versailles?

A

Louis XIV

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22
Q

What title did the ruler of France hold before the revolution?

A

King of France

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23
Q

Who is often referred to as the ‘Father of France’?

A

Clovis I

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24
Q

True or False: Louis XVIII was the brother of Louis XVI.

A

True

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25
Q

Which king was known for his attempts to centralize power in France?

A

Louis XI

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26
Q

Fill in the blank: The French king known for his religious tolerance was _____ .

A

Henry IV

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27
Q

What was the primary cause of the French Revolution?

A

Social inequality and financial crisis

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28
Q

Who was the French king during the American Revolutionary War?

A

Louis XVI

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29
Q

Which king’s reign was marked by the Wars of Religion in France?

A

Henry III

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30
Q

True or False: Louis XIV ruled for over 70 years.

A

True

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31
Q

What was the outcome of the Treaty of Picquigny?

A

It ended hostilities between France and England.

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32
Q

Fill in the blank: King _____ was known for his military reforms and strengthening the French army.

A

Louis XIV

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33
Q

Who was the king that famously said ‘I have made this day a great day for France’?

A

Charles VII

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34
Q

Which French king was known for his extravagant lifestyle and patronage of the arts?

A

Louis XIV

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35
Q

What was the nickname of Henry IV of France?

A

Good King Henry

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36
Q

True or False: The reign of Louis XVI saw the rise of the bourgeoisie.

A

True

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37
Q

Fill in the blank: _____ was the king who lost his head during the French Revolution.

A

Louis XVI

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38
Q

Who was the first king of the Franks?

A

Clovis I

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39
Q

What major change did Louis XIV implement in the French government?

A

He centralized power in the monarchy.

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40
Q

True or False: The French monarchy was restored after the fall of Napoleon.

A

True

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41
Q

What was the significance of the coronation of Charlemagne in 800 AD?

A

It marked the foundation of the Holy Roman Empire.

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42
Q

Fill in the blank: The last king of France was _____ .

A

Louis-Philippe

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43
Q

Who was the first President of France?

A

Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte

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44
Q

Which President of France served from 1959 to 1969?

A

Charles de Gaulle

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45
Q

True or False: François Mitterrand was the first Socialist President of France.

A

True

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46
Q

Fill in the blank: The President of France is elected for a term of ____ years.

A

five

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47
Q

Who was the President of France during World War II?

A

Albert Lebrun

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48
Q

Which French President is known for the policy of ‘la politique de la grandeur’?

A

Charles de Gaulle

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49
Q

Name the President of France who served from 2007 to 2012.

A

Nicolas Sarkozy

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50
Q

What is the official residence of the President of France?

A

Palais de l’Élysée

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51
Q

True or False: Emmanuel Macron was elected President of France in 2017.

A

True

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52
Q

Who was the first female candidate in a French presidential election?

A

Ségolène Royal

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53
Q

Which President of France initiated the ‘République Française’?

A

Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte

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54
Q

Fill in the blank: The French President can be re-elected for ____ consecutive terms.

A

one

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55
Q

Name the President of France who succeeded Jacques Chirac.

A

Nicolas Sarkozy

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56
Q

What is the role of the French President in the government?

A

Head of state and commander-in-chief of the armed forces

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57
Q

True or False: The French President has the power to dissolve the National Assembly.

A

True

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58
Q

Who was the President of France during the May 1968 protests?

A

Charles de Gaulle

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59
Q

Which President of France was in office during the establishment of the Fifth Republic?

A

Charles de Gaulle

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60
Q

What is the minimum age requirement to be President of France?

A

40 years old

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61
Q

Fill in the blank: Jacques Chirac served as President of France from ____ to ____.

A

1995, 2007

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62
Q

Who was the French President before François Hollande?

A

Nicolas Sarkozy

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63
Q

True or False: The French President is elected by direct popular vote.

A

True

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64
Q

What political party did Emmanuel Macron found?

A

La République En Marche!

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65
Q

Who was the youngest President of France?

A

Emmanuel Macron

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66
Q

Name the first President of the Fifth Republic.

A

Charles de Gaulle

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67
Q

Fill in the blank: The President of France appoints the ____.

A

Prime Minister

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68
Q

Who was the President of France during the Euro 2016 football tournament?

A

François Hollande

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69
Q

True or False: The French President has the authority to appoint judges.

A

True

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70
Q

Which President of France was known for his ‘cohabitation’ with the Socialist government?

A

Jacques Chirac

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71
Q

What is the term used to describe the French presidential election process?

A

Two-round system

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72
Q

Who was the first President of France to be re-elected in the Fifth Republic?

A

Jacques Chirac

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73
Q

Fill in the blank: François Mitterrand was President of France from ____ to ____.

A

1981, 1995

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74
Q

True or False: The President of France can veto legislation.

A

True

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75
Q

Who was the President of France during the 1992 Maastricht Treaty?

A

François Mitterrand

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76
Q

What is the primary function of the French President in foreign affairs?

A

To represent France in international relations

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77
Q

Who was the President of France known for his emphasis on European integration?

A

François Mitterrand

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78
Q

Fill in the blank: The French President is elected for a term of ____ years, renewable once.

A

five

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79
Q

True or False: The French President must be a citizen of France.

A

True

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80
Q

Who succeeded François Mitterrand as President of France?

A

Jacques Chirac

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81
Q

Which French President was in office during the 2008 financial crisis?

A

Nicolas Sarkozy

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82
Q

What is the French term for the President’s official residence?

A

Palais de l’Élysée

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83
Q

True or False: The President of France can serve an unlimited number of terms.

A

False

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84
Q

Who was the first President to use television as a campaign tool in France?

A

Valéry Giscard d’Estaing

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85
Q

Fill in the blank: The French President is elected by ____ vote.

A

popular

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86
Q

Which President of France was known for his ‘tough on crime’ policies?

A

Nicolas Sarkozy

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87
Q

What major change did Charles de Gaulle implement in the French government?

A

Established the Fifth Republic

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88
Q

Who was the President of France during the Gulf War?

A

François Mitterrand

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89
Q

True or False: The President of France has the power to grant pardons.

A

True

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90
Q

What period is referred to as Medieval France?

A

The period from the 5th to the late 15th century.

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91
Q

True or False: The Carolingian Empire was established by Charlemagne.

A

True

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92
Q

Who was crowned Emperor of the Romans in 800 AD?

A

Charlemagne

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93
Q

Fill in the blank: The Treaty of _______ in 843 divided the Carolingian Empire into three kingdoms.

A

Verdun

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94
Q

What was the primary social structure of Medieval France?

A

Feudalism

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95
Q

Which event marked the beginning of the Hundred Years’ War?

A

The claim of Edward III to the French throne in 1337.

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96
Q

True or False: Joan of Arc was a key figure in the Hundred Years’ War.

A

True

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97
Q

Who was the last Capetian king of France?

A

Philip IV

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98
Q

What was the main purpose of the Estates-General in Medieval France?

A

To represent the three estates: clergy, nobility, and commoners.

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99
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ was a series of religious wars in the 11th to 13th centuries.

A

Crusades

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100
Q

What was the significance of the Battle of Agincourt in 1415?

A

It was a major English victory during the Hundred Years’ War.

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101
Q

Who was the French king during the early part of the Hundred Years’ War?

A

Philip VI

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102
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following was a major consequence of the Black Death in France? A) Population growth B) Economic decline C) Political stability

A

B) Economic decline

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103
Q

What architectural style became prominent in Medieval France during the Gothic period?

A

Gothic architecture, characterized by features such as pointed arches and flying buttresses.

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104
Q

True or False: The French Revolution began in the late Medieval period.

A

False

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105
Q

What was the primary language of the nobility in Medieval France?

A

Old French

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106
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ was a popular movement that sought to reform the Catholic Church during the Middle Ages.

A

Gregorian Reform

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107
Q

Who was known as the ‘Maid of Orléans’?

A

Joan of Arc

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108
Q

What was the primary cause of the feud between the Capetians and Plantagenets?

A

Territorial disputes and claims to the French throne.

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109
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following was a major French literary work of the Medieval period? A) The Divine Comedy B) The Canterbury Tales C) The Song of Roland

A

C) The Song of Roland

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110
Q

True or False: The Valois dynasty succeeded the Capetian dynasty in France.

A

True

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111
Q

What role did the church play in Medieval France?

A

It was a central institution influencing politics, education, and social life.

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112
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ was a medieval code of chivalry that dictated the conduct of knights.

A

Chivalric code

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113
Q

What was the significance of the Magna Carta for France?

A

It influenced the development of constitutional law in Europe.

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114
Q

What event ended the Medieval period in France?

A

The Renaissance and the rise of centralized monarchy.

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115
Q

What year did the French Revolution begin?

A

1789

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116
Q

True or False: The French Revolution was primarily a response to the economic crisis in France.

A

True

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117
Q

What was the name of the social class system in France before the Revolution?

A

The Estates System

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118
Q

Fill in the blank: The first estate consisted of ______.

A

Clergy

119
Q

What event is commonly considered the start of the French Revolution?

A

The Storming of the Bastille

120
Q

Who was the king of France at the start of the French Revolution?

A

King Louis XVI

121
Q

Multiple choice: Which document, adopted in 1789, outlined the rights of man and citizen?

A

Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

122
Q

True or False: The Reign of Terror was a period marked by mass executions.

A

True

123
Q

What was the main purpose of the Committee of Public Safety?

A

To protect the Revolution from internal and external enemies

124
Q

Who was the leader of the Committee of Public Safety during the Reign of Terror?

A

Maximilien Robespierre

125
Q

Fill in the blank: The Revolution led to the rise of _______ as a political figure.

A

Napoleon Bonaparte

126
Q

What was the fate of King Louis XVI after the Revolution?

A

He was executed by guillotine.

127
Q

Multiple choice: Which group was primarily responsible for the radical phase of the Revolution?

A

The Jacobins

128
Q

True or False: The French Revolution had no impact on other countries.

A

False

129
Q

What was the significance of the Women’s March on Versailles?

A

It demonstrated the power of the people and women’s involvement in the Revolution.

130
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ was a radical political group that emerged during the Revolution.

A

Sans-culottes

131
Q

What was the purpose of the National Assembly?

A

To represent the Third Estate and create a new constitution.

132
Q

Multiple choice: Which event marked the end of the French Revolution?

A

The rise of Napoleon Bonaparte

133
Q

True or False: The French Revolution established a monarchy that lasted for many years.

A

False

134
Q

What was the role of the Estates-General in the lead-up to the Revolution?

A

It was convened to address the financial crisis and led to the formation of the National Assembly.

135
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ was a period of political instability following the Revolution.

A

Directory

136
Q

What was one of the key economic causes of the French Revolution?

A

Heavy taxation and debt

137
Q

Multiple choice: Which social class was most dissatisfied leading up to the Revolution?

A

The Third Estate

138
Q

True or False: The French Revolution was solely a social movement.

A

False

139
Q

What was the significance of the Napoleonic Code?

A

It reformed the legal system in France and influenced many legal systems worldwide.

140
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ was a radical group that opposed the monarchy and promoted egalitarianism.

A

Montagnards

141
Q

Who is the current Prime Minister of France as of October 2023?

A

Élisabeth Borne

142
Q

What is the primary role of the Prime Minister of France?

A

To head the government and execute laws.

143
Q

True or False: The Prime Minister of France is appointed by the President.

A

True

144
Q

Fill in the blank: The Prime Minister of France must be a member of the __________.

A

National Assembly

145
Q

Who was the first Prime Minister of France?

A

Jean Casimir-Perier

146
Q

Which Prime Minister served the longest term in the Fifth Republic?

A

Georges Pompidou

147
Q

Multiple Choice: Who was Prime Minister of France during World War II? A) Charles de Gaulle B) Paul Reynaud C) Édouard Daladier

A

B) Paul Reynaud

148
Q

What is the official residence of the Prime Minister of France?

A

Hôtel de Matignon

149
Q

True or False: The Prime Minister can dissolve the National Assembly.

A

False

150
Q

Who was the first female Prime Minister of France?

A

Élisabeth Borne

151
Q

What year was the Fifth Republic established in France?

A

1958

152
Q

Multiple Choice: Which Prime Minister implemented the ‘40-hour work week’ in France? A) Michel Rocard B) Lionel Jospin C) Édouard Philippe

A

B) Lionel Jospin

153
Q

Fill in the blank: The Prime Minister is responsible for the __________ of the French Armed Forces.

A

direction

154
Q

Who was Prime Minister of France before Édouard Philippe?

A

Édouard Philippe

155
Q

True or False: The Prime Minister has the power to appoint ministers.

A

True

156
Q

What is the maximum term length for a Prime Minister in France?

A

There is no fixed term length.

157
Q

Which Prime Minister is known for the ‘Socialist Program’ in the 1980s?

A

François Mitterrand

158
Q

Multiple Choice: Who was Prime Minister during the Paris Agreement on Climate Change? A) Manuel Valls B) Bernard Cazeneuve C) Édouard Philippe

A

C) Édouard Philippe

159
Q

What is the primary legislative body that the Prime Minister must work with?

A

The National Assembly

160
Q

True or False: The Prime Minister of France can propose laws.

A

True

161
Q

Who served as Prime Minister of France during the Yellow Vest protests?

A

Édouard Philippe

162
Q

Fill in the blank: The Prime Minister is responsible for the __________ of public services.

A

administration

163
Q

What is the term used for the Prime Minister’s official statement to the National Assembly?

A

The Government’s Statement

164
Q

Who was the Prime Minister of France in 1997?

A

Lionel Jospin

165
Q

Multiple Choice: Who was Prime Minister immediately before Dominique de Villepin? A) Jean-Pierre Raffarin B) Lionel Jospin C) Édouard Balladur

A

A) Jean-Pierre Raffarin

166
Q

True or False: The Prime Minister must be a member of the Senate.

A

False

167
Q

Who was the Prime Minister of France from 2007 to 2012?

A

François Fillon

168
Q

What significant event occurred during the tenure of Prime Minister Georges Pompidou?

A

The May 1968 protests

169
Q

Fill in the blank: The Prime Minister can request the __________ of the National Assembly.

A

dissolution

170
Q

Who was Prime Minister of France during the 2015 Paris attacks?

A

Manuel Valls

171
Q

Multiple Choice: Which Prime Minister was known for his austerity measures? A) Alain Juppé B) Manuel Valls C) Édouard Philippe

A

A) Alain Juppé

172
Q

True or False: The Prime Minister can only be removed by the President.

A

True

173
Q

What is the name of the Prime Minister’s cabinet in France?

A

The Council of Ministers

174
Q

Who was the Prime Minister of France during the 2008 financial crisis?

A

François Fillon

175
Q

Fill in the blank: The Prime Minister represents the government in the __________.

A

National Assembly

176
Q

Multiple Choice: Which Prime Minister initiated the ‘Loi Travail’ reforms? A) Jean-Marc Ayrault B) Manuel Valls C) Édouard Philippe

A

B) Manuel Valls

177
Q

True or False: The Prime Minister can be a member of the European Parliament.

A

True

178
Q

What is the primary responsibility of the Prime Minister regarding the budget?

A

To prepare and present the budget to the National Assembly.

179
Q

Who was the Prime Minister of France during the COVID-19 pandemic?

A

Édouard Philippe

180
Q

Fill in the blank: The Prime Minister is responsible for the __________ of public policies.

A

implementation

181
Q

Multiple Choice: Which Prime Minister was known for the phrase ‘La France est un pays de droits’? A) Édouard Philippe B) Manuel Valls C) Michel Rocard

A

C) Michel Rocard

182
Q

What was the primary cause of the Hundred Years’ War?

A

Territorial disputes and claims to the French throne.

183
Q

True or False: Napoleon Bonaparte was a military leader during the French Revolution.

A

True

184
Q

Fill in the blank: The Battle of _____ was a significant victory for France in World War I.

A

Verdun

185
Q

Who was the French monarch at the start of the Hundred Years’ War?

A

King Edward III of England

186
Q

What major military innovation was introduced during the Napoleonic Wars?

A

The use of mass conscription and large-scale armies.

187
Q

Which treaty ended the Franco-Prussian War?

A

The Treaty of Frankfurt

188
Q

True or False: The Maginot Line was a successful defense strategy during World War II.

A

False

189
Q

What year did the French Revolution begin?

A

1789

190
Q

Who led the French forces during the Battle of Waterloo?

A

Napoleon Bonaparte

191
Q

What was the outcome of the French and Indian War?

A

France lost most of its North American territories.

192
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ Revolution led to the rise of Napoleon.

A

French

193
Q

What was the significance of the Battle of the Somme?

A

It was one of the largest battles of World War I, resulting in heavy casualties.

194
Q

Who was Joan of Arc?

A

A French peasant girl who became a national heroine for her role in the Hundred Years’ War.

195
Q

What was the main objective of the French military during the Napoleonic Wars?

A

To expand French territory and influence across Europe.

196
Q

True or False: France was a member of the Central Powers in World War I.

A

False

197
Q

What was the primary military strategy used by the French in World War I?

A

Trench warfare

198
Q

What major conflict did France engage in during the 19th century in North America?

A

The French and Indian War

199
Q

Who was the French general known for his campaigns in Egypt?

A

Napoleon Bonaparte

200
Q

What was the significance of the Franco-Russian Alliance?

A

It was a military alliance formed to counteract German power in Europe.

201
Q

True or False: The French military was successful in the Battle of Agincourt.

A

False

202
Q

What was the result of the Dreyfus Affair?

A

It exposed deep divisions in French society regarding antisemitism and military justice.

203
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ War was fought between France and Britain from 1756 to 1763.

A

Seven Years

204
Q

Who was the leader of the Free French Forces during World War II?

A

Charles de Gaulle

205
Q

What was a major consequence of the Treaty of Versailles for France?

A

It imposed heavy reparations on Germany and redrew the map of Europe.

206
Q

What was the main purpose of the French Foreign Legion?

A

To allow foreign nationals to serve in the French armed forces.

207
Q

True or False: The French military doctrine emphasizes rapid mobility and mechanization.

A

True

208
Q

What was the goal of the French military campaigns in Africa during the 19th century?

A

To expand French colonial territories and influence.

209
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ of 1940 marked the fall of France to Nazi Germany.

A

Battle of France

210
Q

Who was the French Marshal known for his role in World War I?

A

Ferdinand Foch

211
Q

What battle is often regarded as the turning point of World War II in Europe?

A

The Battle of Stalingrad

212
Q

What was the primary role of the French navy during the Napoleonic Wars?

A

To challenge British naval supremacy.

213
Q

True or False: The French Revolution led to the rise of a constitutional monarchy.

A

False

214
Q

What was the main military conflict in Vietnam involving France?

A

The First Indochina War

215
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ War was a conflict between France and its colonies in North Africa.

A

Algerian

216
Q

What was the main focus of French military strategy during the Cold War?

A

Nuclear deterrence and maintaining independence from NATO.

217
Q

Who was the French general who led the Allied forces in the liberation of France in 1944?

A

General Dwight D. Eisenhower

218
Q

True or False: The French military was involved in the Korean War.

A

False

219
Q

What was the primary purpose of the French military in the Suez Crisis?

A

To regain control of the Suez Canal.

220
Q

Fill in the blank: The French military’s operation in Mali is part of the _____ operations.

A

anti-terrorism

221
Q

What was the outcome of the Battle of Verdun?

A

It resulted in a French victory but at a great cost of life.

222
Q

What significant military alliance did France form in 1949?

A

NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)

223
Q

True or False: France was the first country to use tanks in warfare.

A

True

224
Q

What was the goal of the French military during the Napoleonic era?

A

To establish French dominance over Europe.

225
Q

Fill in the blank: The French military is known for its elite unit called the _____.

A

GIGN

226
Q

What was the main impact of the French Revolution on military organization?

A

It led to the establishment of a conscript army.

227
Q

Who was the famous French military leader known for his tactics and strategies?

A

Napoleon Bonaparte

228
Q

What was the primary military conflict involving France in the late 20th century?

A

The Gulf War

229
Q

Who is known as the first French explorer to reach North America?

A

Jacques Cartier

230
Q

What year did Jacques Cartier first arrive in Canada?

A

1534

231
Q

True or False: Samuel de Champlain is often referred to as the ‘Father of New France’.

A

True

232
Q

Which French explorer founded Quebec City in 1608?

A

Samuel de Champlain

233
Q

Fill in the blank: The French explorer _______ mapped much of the Mississippi River.

A

Robert Cavelier de La Salle

234
Q

What was the primary goal of French explorers in the New World?

A

To find a northwest passage to Asia and exploit resources.

235
Q

Which explorer is known for his expeditions in the Great Lakes region?

A

Étienne Brûlé

236
Q

What year did Robert Cavelier de La Salle claim the Mississippi River Basin for France?

A

1682

237
Q

True or False: Jacques Cartier made three voyages to Canada.

A

True

238
Q

Who explored the St. Lawrence River and established trade relations with Indigenous peoples?

A

Jacques Cartier

239
Q

What was the name of the settlement founded by Samuel de Champlain?

A

Quebec

240
Q

Multiple Choice: Which explorer is associated with the fur trade in Canada? A) Jacques Cartier B) Samuel de Champlain C) René-Robert Cavelier de La Salle

A

B) Samuel de Champlain

241
Q

Fill in the blank: The French explorer _______ was the first European to see the Great Lakes.

A

Jacques Marquette

242
Q

What was the primary economic activity promoted by French explorers in North America?

A

Fur trading

243
Q

Which explorer is known for his detailed maps of North America?

A

Samuel de Champlain

244
Q

True or False: French explorers were primarily motivated by the search for gold and silver.

A

False

245
Q

What was the name of the expedition led by La Salle that ended in tragedy?

A

The expedition to the Gulf of Mexico

246
Q

Who was the first European to explore the Mississippi River?

A

Jacques Marquette and Louis Jolliet

247
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following was NOT a French explorer? A) Jacques Cartier B) Christopher Columbus C) Samuel de Champlain

A

B) Christopher Columbus

248
Q

What did French explorers primarily seek in their New World expeditions?

A

Trade routes and natural resources

249
Q

Fill in the blank: The French explorer _______ is known for his extensive exploration of Canada in the 17th century.

A

Samuel de Champlain

250
Q

Who was the French explorer that claimed Canada for France?

A

Jacques Cartier

251
Q

True or False: French explorers established a significant agricultural presence in North America.

A

False

252
Q

What was the significance of the year 1534 in French exploration?

A

It was the year Jacques Cartier made his first voyage to Canada.

253
Q

Multiple Choice: Which explorer’s name is associated with the Great Lakes? A) Jacques Cartier B) Samuel de Champlain C) Louis Jolliet

A

C) Louis Jolliet

254
Q

Fill in the blank: _______ was a French explorer who played a significant role in the fur trade in North America.

A

Samuel de Champlain

255
Q

What event marks the Roman conquest of Gaul?

A

52 BCE – Vercingetorix Defeated at Alesia

Julius Caesar defeats Gallic leader Vercingetorix.

256
Q

Who established the Frankish Kingdom in 486?

A

Clovis I

This event begins the unification of modern France.

257
Q

What significant battle in 732 halted Muslim expansion into Europe?

A

Battle of Tours

Charles Martel secured Christian dominance in the region.

258
Q

What was the outcome of the Treaty of Verdun in 843?

A

Divides Charlemagne’s empire

It lays the foundations of modern France and Germany.

259
Q

Who was crowned king in 987, marking the founding of the Capetian dynasty?

A

Hugh Capet

260
Q

What event in 1066 linked French and English histories?

A

Norman Conquest of England

William the Conqueror becomes King of England.

261
Q

What was the significance of the Battle of Bouvines in 1214?

A

Philip II Augustus defeats the English and their allies

This event consolidates royal power in France.

262
Q

What assembly was convened for the first time in 1302?

A

Estates-General

It strengthens royal authority by gaining support from various social classes.

263
Q

What conflict began in 1337 between England and France?

A

Hundred Years’ War

264
Q

What turning point in the Hundred Years’ War occurred in 1429?

A

Siege of Orléans

Joan of Arc leads the French to victory.

265
Q

What cultural period began with Francis I’s reign in 1515?

A

Renaissance

266
Q

What event in 1572 highlighted religious tensions in France?

A

St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre

Mass killing of Huguenots during the French Wars of Religion.

267
Q

What did the Edict of Nantes issued in 1598 grant?

A

Religious freedom to Huguenots

268
Q

Who became king in 1643 and was known as the Sun King?

A

Louis XIV

269
Q

What significant action did Louis XIV take in 1685?

A

Revocation of the Edict of Nantes

This prompted Huguenot emigration and weakened France economically.

270
Q

What event in 1789 marked the start of the French Revolution?

A

Storming of the Bastille

271
Q

What document established principles of liberty, equality, and fraternity in 1791?

A

Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen

272
Q

What happened to Louis XVI in 1793?

A

Execution

273
Q

What event in 1799 ended the French Revolution?

A

Coup of 18 Brumaire

Napoleon Bonaparte seizes power.

274
Q

What significant action did Napoleon take in 1804?

A

Declares Himself Emperor

275
Q

What was the outcome of the Battle of Waterloo in 1815?

A

Napoleon is defeated and exiled

276
Q

What revolution occurred in 1830?

A

July Revolution

Overthrows Charles X and establishes the July Monarchy.

277
Q

What was proclaimed in 1848 following the overthrow of the July Monarchy?

A

French Second Republic

278
Q

In what year did Napoleon III declare the Second Empire?

A

1852

279
Q

What conflict began in 1870 leading to the fall of the Second Empire?

A

Franco-Prussian War

280
Q

What radical government briefly controlled Paris in 1871?

A

Paris Commune

281
Q

What iconic structure was completed in 1889?

A

Eiffel Tower

282
Q

What major global conflict began in 1914?

A

World War I

283
Q

What treaty ended World War I in 1919?

A

Treaty of Versailles

284
Q

What significant event occurred in France in 1940 during World War II?

A

Fall of France

285
Q

What marked the liberation of Paris in 1944?

A

Paris is freed from German occupation

286
Q

What republic was established in France in 1946?

A

French Fourth Republic

287
Q

What significant political change occurred in 1958?

A

Charles de Gaulle Establishes the Fifth Republic

288
Q

What major protests occurred in 1968?

A

May Protests

289
Q

Who was elected president in 1981, becoming the first socialist president of France?

A

François Mitterrand

290
Q

What treaty was signed in 1992 establishing the European Union?

A

Maastricht Treaty

291
Q

What significant attack occurred in 2015 in France?

A

Charlie Hebdo Attack

292
Q

What devastating event occurred in 2019?

A

Notre-Dame Cathedral Fire

293
Q

What global challenge did France face in 2020?

A

COVID-19 Pandemic

294
Q

What major event is scheduled for 2024 in France?

A

Paris Hosts the Olympics

Sam’s World History (25 decks)

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