FR04 Forensics DNA

Question 1

Why is DNA useful?

Answer 1

• Can place suspect at the scene leading to conviction
• Being checked against historic unsolved cases
• Prevent further crime with sample stored in permanent data bank

Question 2

What is the legislation for taking DNA?

Answer 2

Criminal Investigations (Bodily Samples) Act 1995

Question 3

What are the different DNA collecting methods?

Answer 3

• Buccal (mouth) swab
• Fingerprick (blood) sample
• Venous (blood) sample

Question 4

Where are DNA samples stored and checked?

Answer 4

• Temporary data bank

- National data bank

Question 5

Temporary Data Bank

Answer 5

• samples kept until person is convicted
• transferred to permanent bank when convicted
• destroyed if not convicted

Question 6

National DNA databank

Answer 6

• aim to increase chances of identifying suspects
• held indefinitely
• linked with databases to solve unsolved crime and identify suspects

Question 7

DNA sampling types (6)

Answer 7

• voluntary
• post conviction
• suspect
• dual
• intent to charge
• elimination

Question 8

Who can take a sample?

Answer 8

A suitably qualified person 
or themselves (buccal swab)

Question 9

What can you do if someone refuses to give a sample under “intention to charge”

Answer 9

Apply for compulsion order demanding a sample be taken

Question 10

Rights under Section 24J (CIBF 1995)

Answer 10

Take sample from anyone 17 years or over if

• they have been arrested for an imp offence or peeping and peering and in lawful custody of police
• good cause to suspect they have committed imp offence and P&P

Question 11

Rights under 24K to take sample from

Answer 11

• young person (14-16) if they have been arrested
• or good cause to suspect they have committed
• relevant offence imp 7 years +

Question 12

If detaining for a DNA sample you must…

Answer 12

• hold them to take sample
• for only period necessary to take sample
• MUST be obtained BEFORE released on bail, released on summons or appears before the court (same day)

Question 13

When can you not take DNA samples? (6)

Answer 13

• warning
• offered pre charge warning
• detained under other enactment
• arrested for not an imp off, P&P or relevant offence (youth)
• haven’t decided whether to charge them
• no DNA kits available

Question 14

What is an elimination sample?

Answer 14

• taken to eliminate person from investigation
  e. g. victim
• used when there has been cross contamination
• not stored in DNA bank, used an exhibit (BIOTRACK)

Question 15

When taking a voluntary sample, what must be done?

Answer 15

• get consent

- in writing or given orally and recorded on tape

Question 16

When taking sample from youth who must also consent?

Answer 16

• Parents