Four Fish 12 Tuna Flashcards
cerulean
resembling the blue of the clear sky “And so I found myself in a dive boat, three miles off the coast of the big island of Hawaii, motoring across the cerulean blue of the South Pacific with a tall, highly optimistic Australian named Neil Sims.” MD Cerulean comes from the Latin word caeruleus, which means “dark blue” and is most likely from “caelum,” the Latin word for “sky.” An artist rendering a sky of blue in oils or watercolors might choose a tube of cerulean blue pigment. Birdwatchers in the eastern U.S. might look skyward and see a cerulean warbler (Dendroica cerulea). “Cerulean” is not the only color name that’s closely associated with the sky. “Azure” (which ultimately comes from a Persian word for lapis lazuli, a rich blue stone) describes the color of a cloudless sky and can even be a noun meaning “the unclouded sky.”
decompression
a gradual reduction of air pressure on a person who has been experiencing high pressure while diving, in order to prevent decompression sickness. “Either he will be crushed like a tin can at the bottom or, because he sank so low that he did not have adequate oxygen to surface slowly and decompress, oxygen will boil out of his blood and block his veins and arteries when he dashes to the surface.” (230)
decompression sickness
a condition that results when sudden decompression causes nitrogen bubbles to form in the tissues of the body. It is suffered particularly by divers (who often call it the bends), and can cause pain in the muscles and joints, cramps, numbness, nausea, and paralysis. When you scuba dive with compressed air, you take in extra oxygen and nitrogen. Your body uses the oxygen, but the nitrogen is dissolved into your blood, where it remains during your dive. As you swim back toward the surface after a deep dive, the water pressure around you decreases. If this transition occurs too quickly, the nitrogen does not have time to clear from your blood. Instead, it separates out of your blood and forms bubbles in your tissues or blood. It is these nitrogen bubbles that cause decompression sickness. The condition is called the bends because the joint and bone pains can be so severe they double you over. What happens inside your body during decompression sickness is similar to what happens when you open a carbonated drink. When you open the can or bottle, you decrease the pressure surrounding the beverage in the container, which causes the gas to come out of the liquid in the form of bubbles. If nitrogen bubbles form in your blood, they can damage blood vessels and block normal blood flow. MD - rapid decompression is what happens when you release the top of a carbonated beverage. open a carbonated drink, the pressure is released allowing the bubbles to wiggle free from the liquid same thing happens with the nitrogen in your blood.
ciguatera
poisoning by neurotoxins as a result of eating the flesh of a tropical marine fish that carries a toxic dinoflagellate. “Ciguatera is a poison created by microscopic organisms called dinoflagellates. “ (233) cig like cigarrette (toxin). ciguatera - agua (occurs in water of tropical marine fish that have eaten dinoflagellate.
dinoflagellate
The dinoflagellates (Greek δῖνος dinos “whirling” and Latin flagellum “whip, scourge”) are protists (single-celled eukaryotes) constituting the phylum Dinoflagellata. Usually considered algae, dinoflagellates are mostly marine plankton, but they also are common in freshwater habitats. Half are photosynthetic and half are not. Some dinoflagellates produce toxins. They are second only to diatoms as primary producers in coastal water. A number of photosynthetic dinoflagellates take up residence within other organisms as symbiotic partners called zooxanthellae. “The toxins in dinoflagellates enter the food chain like all the other toxins mentioned earlier-that is, from the bottom. Dinoflagellates stick to coral and are eaten by small fish. These small fish are then eaten by bigger fish.” (233) MD - DINOsaurs dying because asteroid impact created dust cloud that blocked the sun from primary producers that could photosynthesize. The dinoflagellates are primary producers second only to diatoms. Sea dinosaur hopefully this doesn’t wipe out the diatoms, it can wipe out the dinosaurs and because i’m having to eat too many dinflagellates and their toxins are giving me diahhrea. . 2. to remember that dinoflagellates have toxins, think of flagellate gas caused by sickness, diarrhea.
artisanal
(of a product, especially food or drink) made in a traditional or non-mechanized way: artisanal cheeses. Artisans aren’t the same as artists, but it can sometimes be hard to tell the difference. In the Middle Ages, artisans organized themselves into guilds. In every city each group of artisans—weavers, carpenters, shoemakers, and so on—had its own guild, which set wages and prices, kept standards high, and protected its members from outside competitors. In America, however, most artisans have always been fiercely independent. Today, when factories produce almost all of our goods, artisans usually make only fine objects for those who can afford them. And we now even include food among the artisan’s crafts, so you can buy artisanal cheeses, breads, and chocolates—but probably not if you’re watching your budget. “A small-scale, artisanal, wild-fish fishery would be a great thing that could inevitably lead to better protection of wild fish. But a small-scale artisanal fishery will never have the industrial capacity of the supertrawlers that decimated the Georges Bank and Grand Banks codfish stocks.” (250) The artisan is like an artist, using her hands to make something in a traditional or non mechanized way. Crushing baked agave with a horse and a multi-ton stone wheel to make mezcal. We use traditional or non-mechanized method. mechanization is the machinery
