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BACB Exam Prep > Foundationtional Knowledge- The Easy Stuff > Flashcards

Foundationtional Knowledge- The Easy Stuff Flashcards

1
Q

What is ABA?

A

A scientific approach for discovering environmental variables that reliably influence socially significant behavior and for developing technology of behavior change this is practical and applicable

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2
Q

What is Science?

A

A systematic approach for seeking and organizing knowledge about the natural world

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3
Q

What are three levels of scientific understanding?

A

DPC-
Description
Prediction
Control

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4
Q

What is the purpose of science?

A

To achieve a thorough understanding of phenomena under study- For ABA it’s socially important behaviors

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5
Q

Description

A

Systematic observations that can be quantified and classified

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6
Q

Prediction

A

Two events may regularly occur at the same time, not necessarily causation

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7
Q

AKA of Prediction

A

Correlation, Covariation

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8
Q

Control

A

Functional Relation- the highest level of scientific understanding- Manipulating IV results in DV

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9
Q

AKA of Control

A

Causation

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10
Q

6 Attitudes of Science/ Philosophical Assumptions of Behavior

A 
DEER PP
Determinism
Empiricism
Experimentation 
Replication
Parsimony
Philosophical Doubt
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11
Q

Determinism

A

Cause and effect

Lawfulness- If/Then

The world is orderly and predictable

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12
Q

Empiricism

A

FACTS

Experimental data based scientific approach, drawing upon observation

Objective quantification and detailed description

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13
Q

Experimentation

A

Basic strategy

Manipulating variable to see effects on DV

Assessment to determine if one event caused another event

All variables controlled except for DV

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14
Q

Replication

A

Repeating experiments

The method that scientists use to determine the reliability and usefulness of their findings

Makes science a self correcting enterprise

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15
Q

Parsimony

A

All simple and logical explanations must be ruled out before considering more complex explanations

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16
Q

Philosophical Doubt

A

Having healthy skepticism

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17
Q

AKA of Experimentation

A

Experimental Analysis

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18
Q

7 Dimensions of ABA

A 
BATCAGE
Behavioral
Applied
Technological
Conceptually Systematic
Analytic 
Generality 
Effective
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19
Q

Where were the 7 elements of ABA outlined in 1968?

A

First Edition of JABA

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20
Q

Behavioral

A

Observable events

The behavior one chooses must be the behavior in need of improvement

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21
Q

Applied

A

ABA improves everyday life of clients
Improves SOCIALLY SIGNIFICANT BEHAVIORS

Also significant others

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22
Q

Technological

A

Defines procedures clearly and in detail so they are REPLICABLE

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23
Q

Conceptually Systematic

A

All procedures used should be tied to the basic principles of behavior analysis from which they were derived

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24
Q

Analytical

A

A functional relationship is demonstrated

Description when experimenter demonstrated a functional relation between the manipulated events and a reliable change in some measurable dimensions of the targeted behavior

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25
Q

Generality

A

Extends behavior change across setting, time or other behaviors

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26
Q

Effective

A

Improves behavior in a practical manner, not simply making a change that is statistically significant

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27
Q

AKA for Analytic

A

Functional Relation
Experimentation
Control
Causation

28
Q

AKA for Generality

A

Generalization

29
Q

Mentalism

A

An approach to explaining behaviors that assumes an inner dimension exists and causes behavior

Traditional psychology has been and continues to be dominated by mentalism

30
Q

Hypothetical Constructs

A

Presumed but unobserved, entities

31
Q

Explanatory Fictions

A

Fictitious variables that are another name for the observed behavior. They contribute nothing to an understanding of the variables responsible for maintaining behavior

Words that are associated with explanatory fiction include the following “knows”, “wants”, “figure out”, etc.

32
Q

Circular Reasoning

A

The cause and effect are both inferred from the same information

33
Q

Behaviorism

A

Philosophy of the science of behavior

Environmental explanation of behavior

34
Q

4 Branches of Behavioral Analysis

A 
CASE
Conceptual Analysis of Behavior
ABA
Behavior Service Delivery 
Experimental Analysis of Behavior EAB
35
Q

Conceptual Analysis of Behavior

A

Examines philosophical, theoretical, historical and methodological issues

36
Q

ABA

A

Technology for improving behaviors

37
Q

Behavior Service Delivery

A

Professional practice

38
Q

Experimental Analysis of Behavior EAB

A

Research

39
Q

AKA of Conceptual Analysis of Behavior

A

Behaviorism

40
Q

AKA of Mentalism

A

Spiritual, Psychic, Subjective, Feelings, Attitudes, Processing

41
Q

AKA of Hypothetical Constructs

A

Imaginary Constructs

42
Q

Ivan Pavlov

A

Classical Conditioning

Respondent Conditioning of dogs

43
Q

John Watson

A

First person to describe behaviorism as a formal system

Methodological behaviorism- only looks at publically observable events

Said we should study relationship between Stim and Response

Little Albert

44
Q

B.F Skinner

A

Radical behaviorism

Includes private events in understanding of behavior

Because it was a new theory it was considered RADICAL

45
Q

What were 2 main sources that contributed to Skinner’s Radical Behaviorism?

A

Darwinian Selectionism

Pragmatisim

46
Q

Darwinian Selectionism

A

3 term contingency by species and survival

All forms of life evolve as a result of selection with respect to function

Selection by consequences operates during lifetime of individual or ontogeny and is similar to natural selection in evolutionary history of species or phylogeny

Behaviors result in the best outcomes are selected and survive

47
Q

Darwinian Selectionism AKA

A

Selection by consequences

48
Q

Pragmatism

A

A probabilistic AB because of C philosophy

Answers how do things come to be and how can things be changed

49
Q

2 Primary Types of Behavior

A

Respondent Behavior

Operant Behavior

50
Q

Respondent Behavior

A

Elicited or brought out

Involuntary

Behaviors someone does not have to learn

Reflex

Habituation

51
Q

AKA’s for Respondent Behavior

A

Reflex, Reflexive Relations, Unconditioned Stimulus- Unconditioned Response

52
Q

Phylogeny

A

Behavior that is inherited genetically

Respondent behavior is due to phylogenic

53
Q

Respondent Conditioning

A

Ivan Pavlov

When new stimuli acquire the ability to elicit respondents

54
Q

AKA for Respondent Conditioning

A

Classical Conditioning
Pavlovian Conditioning
Stimulus Stimulus Pairing (S-S)
Conditioned Stimulus- Conditioned Response (CS-CR)

55
Q

Operant Behavior

A

Emit/Evoke

A behavior probability of occurrence is determined by its history of consequences

Voluntary Action

Operants defined by function

Encompases reinforcement and punishment

Adaptation

56
Q

AKA’s for Operant Behavior

A

Stimulus- Response- Stimulus Model (S-R-S)

3 Term Contingency

ABC

57
Q

Ontogeny

A

Learning results from an organism’s interaction with his environment

Operant behavior is due to ONTOGENIC history

58
Q

Operant Contingency

A

The occasion for a response, the response and outcome of response

Dependency of a particular consequence on the occurrence of the behavior

When a reinforcer or punisher is said to be contingent on a behavior the behavior must be emitted for the consequence to occur

59
Q

What is the primary unit of analysis in ABA

A

3 term contingency, S-R-S, ABC

60
Q

AKA’s for Operant Contingency

A

Behavioral contingency, contingency, 3 term contingency, ABA

61
Q

Contiguity

A

When 2 stimuli occur close together in time resulting in an association of those 2 stimuli

62
Q

How does contiguity apply to respondent conditioning?

A

Temporal contiguity how close together in time affects the pairing of the CS and US

63
Q

How contiguity apply to operant conditioning?

A

Temporal contiguity affects the pairing of the behavior and consequence

This is how superstitious behavior can be developed because of the temporal contiguity between a specific response and reinforcer or punisher

64
Q

AKA for Contiguity

A

Temporal Contiguity

65
Q

Respondent Operant Interactions

A

An experience can often include both respondent and operant conditioning that occur together at the same time

66
Q

What is not behavior?

A 
The Dead Man Test
Being hungry
Being anxious
Getting wet
Receiving money
Being blown over by a strong gust
67
Q

3 Principle of Behavior

A

PER
Punishment
Extinction
Reinforcement

BACB Exam Prep (32 decks)

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