Chapter 13 Schedules Of Reinforcement

Question 1

Fixed interval (FI)

Answer 1

A schedule of reinforcement that provides reinforcement for the first response followings fixed duration of time since the last response was reinforced

Question 2

Fixed Ratio (FR)

Answer 2

A schedule of reinforcement that requires the completion of a number of responses to produce a reinforcer

Question 3

Intermittent

Answer 3

A schedule of reinforcement in which some, but not all,occurrences of the behavior are reinforced

Question 4

Limited hold

Answer 4

Reinforcement remains available for a finite time following the elapse of the FI or the VI interval

Question 5

Postreinforcement pause

Answer 5

The absence of responding for a period of time following reinforcement. An effect commonly produced by FI and FR schedules of reinforcement

Question 6

Ratio strain

Answer 6

A behavioral effect associated with abrupt increases in ratio requirements when moving from denser to thinner reinforcement schedules

Question 7

Schedule of reinforcement

Answer 7

A rule specifying the environmental arrangements and response requirements for reinforcement; a description of a contingency of reinforcement

Question 8

Schedule thinning

Answer 8

Changing a contingency of reinforcement by gradually increasing the response ratio or the extent of the time interval, resulting in a lower rate of reinforcement per responses, time or both

Question 9

Variable interval (VI)

Answer 9

A schedule of reinforcement for the first correct response following the elapse of variable durations of time

Question 10

Variable Ratio (VR)

Answer 10

A schedule of reinforcement that requires the completion off variable number of responses to produce a reinforcer

Question 11

Adjunctive behaviors

Answer 11

Behaviors that occur as a collateral effect of a schedule of periodic reinforcement for other behavior; time-filling or interim activities that are induced by schedules of reinforcement during times when reinforcement is unlikely to be delivered

Question 12

Alternative

Answer 12

A schedule of reinforcement That provides reinforcement whenever the requirement of either a ratio schedule or an interval schedule is met, regardless of which of the component schedule’s requirements is met first

Question 13

Chained

Answer 13

A schedule of reinforcement in which the response requirement of two or more basic schedules must be met in a specific sequence before reinforcement is delivered; a discriminative stimulus is correlated with each component of the schedule

Question 14

Compound

Answer 14

A schedule of reinforcement consisting of two or more elements of the basic schedules occurring successively or simultaneously and with or without discriminative stimuli

Question 15

Concurrent

Answer 15

A schedule of reinforcement in which two or more contingencies of reinforcement operate independently and simultaneously for two or more behaviors

Question 16

Conjunctive

Answer 16

A schedule of reinforcement follows the completion of response requirements for both a ratio schedule and an interval schedule of reinforcement

Question 17

DRD

Answer 17

A schedule of reinforcement in which reinforcement is provided at the end of a predetermined interval contingent on the number of responses emitted during the interval being fewer than gradually decreasing criterion based on the individual’s performance in previous intervals

Question 18

DRH

Answer 18

A schedule of reinforcement in which reinforcement is provided at the end of a predetermined interval contingent on the number of responses emitted during the interval being higher than gradually increasing criterion based on the individual’s performance in previous intervals

Question 19

DRL

Answer 19

A schedule in which reinforcement follows each occurrence of the target behavior that is separated from the previous response by a minimum inter response time, or is contingent on the number of responses within a period of time not exceeding predetermined criterion

Question 20

Matching law

Answer 20

The allocation of responses to choices available on concurrent schedules of reinforcement; rates of responding across choices are distributed in proportions that match the rates of reinforcement received from each choice alternative

Question 21

Mixed

Answer 21

A schedule consisting of two or more basic schedule of reinforcement that occur in an alternating, usually random, sequence. No discriminative stimuli are correlated with the presence or absence of each element of the schedule

Question 22

Multiple

Answer 22

A schedule consisting of two or more basic schedule of reinforcement that occur in an alternating, usually random, sequence. A discriminative stimuli are correlated with the presence or absence of each element of the schedule

Question 23

Progressive

Answer 23

A schedule of reinforcement That systematically thins each successive reinforcement opportunity independent of the individual’s behavior

Question 24

Tandem

Answer 24

A schedule of reinforcement in which the response requirements of two or more basic schedules must be met in a specific sequence before reinforcement is delivered; does not use discriminative stimuli with the elements in the chain

Question 25

Continuous reinforcement

Answer 25

A schedule that provides reinforcement for each occurence of behavior