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Fortified Wines Flashcards

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1
Q

How large is a pipe?

A

550-620 L

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2
Q

4 grapes of Madeira

A

Driest to Sweetest. Sercial, Verdelho, Boat, Malmsey

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3
Q

Sherry Pressing laws

A 
72.5 liters juice per 100 kg of Grapes 
Primera Yema (free run first 60-70%), Segundo Yema(less good), Mosto Prensa (distillate)
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4
Q

Hottest region in Spain

A

Jerez

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5
Q

Name and character of Jerez winds

A

Levante, from east, hot and madness inducing

Poniente, from Atlantic, Humid and fIor inducing

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6
Q

River at NW end of Jerez

A

Guadalquivir

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7
Q

Three towns allowed to age/ship sherry

A

“golden triangle” of Sancular de Barrameda, EI Puerto de santa Maria, Jerez de la ontera

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8
Q

Training system in sherry

A

Vara y Pulgar, stick and thumb

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9
Q

Types of Soil sherry

A

Albariza (limestone)
Barros (clay)
Arenas (sand)

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10
Q

Valdespino beets

A

oldest house in Jerez
long time under flor
intense elegant Style

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11
Q

Listan is

A

syn Palomino
Most Common sherry grape
low acid

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12
Q

2 Varieties of Palomino

A

Palomino fino and Palomino de Jerez

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13
Q

Moscatel in Sherry syn

A

Muscat of Alexandria

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14
Q

Why is there so much Palomino in sherry

A

Palomino fino especially, disease resentence and high yields

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15
Q

Types of must Sherry

A 
Primera Yema (60-70%, free run)
Segundo Yema (press wine)
Mosto prensa (distillate)
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16
Q

what is “yeso”

A

historic plaster made of cream of tartar added before pressing
Now they normally chuck tartaric acid into juice

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17
Q

how long will palomino normally be left on matts

A

Normally one day

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18
Q

max alcohol at which flor thrives

A

15%

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19
Q

Almacenista meaning

A

special premium blend of sherry

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20
Q

En Rama meaning

A

minimally filtered fino/manzanilla

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21
Q

2 DO zones to make sherry

exception

A

Jerez- Xeres-Sherry
Manzanilla-Sancular
PX from Montilla-Moriles allowed

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22
Q

name 3 sherry vineyards

A

Macharnudo, Anina, Carrascal

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23
Q

different soil in Sherry

A

sandy arenas coastal
Albariza on slopes of Jerez superior
low lying valleys have clay based barros

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24
Q

how many liters from 100 kg of grapes Sherry

A

72.5 Liters

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25
Q

72.5 liters of juice from how many kg of grapes in sherry

A

100 kg

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26
Q

What happens to sherry pre fermentation

A

primera yema and Segundo yema seperated
desfangado Style racking to clarify after acidification
thrown (typically) stainless Steel
fermented 11-12.5%

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27
Q

different fortifications of Still wine sherry

A

Palo, Verticle slash marking it,
to 15% abv
gordura, circle, fortified to 17-18% 50 no flor

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28
Q

What is sherry fortified with

A

mitad y mitad

mixture of mature sherry and grape spirits

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29
Q

ma in difference between Oloroso and fino

A

oxidative and flor

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30
Q

what happens to yeast in sherry

A

special brand of saccharomyces that still works without sugar
especially glycerins and volatile acidity

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31
Q

what is mitad y mitad

A

mixture of Mature sherry and grape spirit

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32
Q

What is sobretablas

A

intermediary stage for 6 mo. or a year where they find out if it’s fino or if it’s a little bitch in 600 liter butts

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33
Q

barrels used in Sobretablas

A

600 liter American butts

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34
Q

Carrascal, Macharnudo, Anina, Balbaina are what?

A

4 top pagos of sherry

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35
Q

What is intermediary period for oloroso

A

sobretablas

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36
Q

levels of sobretablas

A 
Palma
Palma Cortado
Palo Cortado
Raya
Dos Rayas
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37
Q

Palma is

A

delicate fino style from sobretablas

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38
Q

Palma Cortada

A

bigger badder fino, probably going to be amontillado

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39
Q

palo cortado

A

less common, for almost gone

will be lifted up to 17% to oxidize after sobretablas

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40
Q

Raya

A

flor sucks
fortified up to 17/18%
definitely oIoroso

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41
Q

Dos Rayas

A

Rough and tumble son of a bitch
acidity coarse
goes into shitty blends

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42
Q

Dos Rayas

A

Rough and tumble son of a bitch
acidity coarse
goes into shitty blends or turns into vinegar

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43
Q

which sobretablas most likely amontillado

A

Palo cortado

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44
Q

which sobretablas most likely amontillado

A

Palma cortado

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45
Q

what is a criadera

A

a butt in a solera

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46
Q

how many liters can remain in solera for every one drawn

A

2

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47
Q

term for movement of wine within a soldera

A

trasiegos

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48
Q

trasiegos is

A

term for movement of wine within a solera

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49
Q

literal translation of Oloroso

A

fragrant

50
Q

What is the lenta

A

Slow fermentation after the initial intense one

51
Q 
What level of sobretablas is
Amontillado
Palo Cortado
fino
Oloroso
A

Palma will still be fino
Palma cortado will be balanced amontillado
pa to cortado is what it is, and it is rare
Rayas will be oloroso
Dos Rayas is and will be fucking vinegar

52
Q

Which pressing will go through sobretablas

A

Primera Yema

Segundo will be oloroso

53
Q

alcohol amontillado

A

16-22%

54
Q

alcohol paIo cortado

A

same as oloroso 17-22

55
Q

alcohol oloroso

A

17-22

56
Q

what does generoso Mean sherry

A

max 5gI

dry, fino, amontillado, palo cortado, and oloroso all qualify

57
Q

types of sancular de Barrameda

A

Manzanilla fina
Manzanilla Pasada (similar to amontillado)
Manzanilla Olorosa

58
Q

Manzanilla style similar to amontillado

A

Manzanilla Pasada

59
Q

what is cabeceo

A

blending and sweetening

60
Q

term for blending and sweetening sherry

A

cabeceo

61
Q

types of sweetener cabeceo

A

duIce pasa
dulce de Almibar
mistela
produced from dried Moscatel and pedro ximenez

62
Q

most common sweetener sherry

A

dulce pasta from dried palomino

63
Q

what is term for fino blended with sugar

A

dolce de almibar

64
Q

what is dolce de almibar

A

fino blended with sugar

65
Q

what do sherry houses use to adjust color

A

vino de color

non alcoholic boiled grape must

66
Q

what is vino de color

A

grape must boiled to Color sherry

67
Q

levels of Vino de color

A

Sancho 1/3 original volume

arrope 1/5 original Volume

68
Q

1/3 vino de color

A

Sancho

69
Q

1/5 vino de color

A

arrope

70
Q

name of sweet sherry

A

generoso de licor

71
Q

sweetness levels sherry

A

Dry
Medium
Pale cream
Cream

72
Q

sugar levels sherry

A 
generoso: 0-5
Dry: 5-45
Medium: 5-115 
pale cream: 45-115 
cream: 115-140
73
Q

sugar level cream sherry

A

115-140

74
Q

what is medium sherry likely made from

A

Amontillado

5-115

75
Q

Generoso licor sweet to dry

A

Cream
pale cream
medium
Dry

76
Q

which sherry g. licor is 45-115

A

medium

77
Q

sugar level

A

pale cream 45-115

78
Q

which sherry g. licor is 5-45

A

Dry

79
Q

dry sherry

A

sugar levels 5-45

80
Q

vino duIce Natural is

A

fortified partially fermented sherry

81
Q

levels of vino dulce natural

A

Dulce
Moscatel
Pedro Ximenez

82
Q

sugar levels vino dulce natural

A

Dulce 160
Moscatel 160
PX 160

83
Q

Min solera aging sherry

A

2 years in solera

84
Q

can fino sherry have age designation

A

no

only Amontillado, Oloroso, Palo Cortado, Pedro Ximenez VDN

85
Q

levels of sherry aging

A

VOS 20 yr

VORS 30 yr

86
Q

20 year sherry term

A

VOS

87
Q

30 year sherry term

A

VORS

88
Q

VORS sherry is

A

30 years old

89
Q

VOS sherry is

A

20 years old

90
Q

the age of entire solera can be classified as

A

12 or 15 years

designated by consejo regulador

91
Q

name of sherry glass

A

Copita

92
Q

Marsala pioneer

A

John Woodhouse

93
Q

first vintage Marsala

A

1773

94
Q

which wine region is near trapani

A

Trapani is town on NW tip of Sicily

Marsala is there

95
Q

Mountain in Marsala

A

Mount Erice

96
Q

Where is mount erice

A

Mountain in Marsala

97
Q

main grape of Pietramarina

A

finest Etna DOC white made by benanti

Carricante grape

98
Q

what is sifone

A

Italian/Marsala

a mistelle from unfermented must of over ripe sherry grapes mixed with spirit

99
Q

Three Colors of marsala

A

Ambra
oro (goldon)
Rubino

100
Q

grape varieties Ambra/oro

A

Marsala

Grillo, Ansonica (inzolia), catarratto, Damaschino

101
Q

what is inzolia

A

Ansonica synonym

102
Q

Rubino varieties

A

Marsala
Perricone, Calabrese (nero d’avola), Narello Mascalese
plus max 30% white grapes

103
Q

Nero D’Avola syn

A

calabrese

104
Q

Calabrese syn

A

Nero D’Avola

105
Q

White marsala Style

A

Ambra

Oro (gold)

106
Q

best grapes of Ambra/oro

A

Marsala

Grillo and Inzolia

107
Q

Why is Ambra the way it is

A

Mosto cotto, a shitty sweetener

108
Q

Marsala sweetness levels

A

Secco max 40 gl
semi secco 40-100 gI
dolce 100+gI

109
Q

what is concia

A

addition of mosto cotto

in Marsala only permitted for Ambre

110
Q

Marsala aging classifications

A 
fine 1 year
Superiore 2 year 
Superiore Riserva 4 years 
vergine 5 year
vergine stravecchio 10 year
111
Q

Wood permitted in Marsala

A

Oak and Cherry

112
Q

styles of Marsala that can be solera

A

vergine

vergine stravechio

113
Q

what is vecchio Samperi

A

made by Marco de Bartoli
not labelled Marsala
vergine without addition of alcohol

114
Q

Alcohol levels after fortification Marsala

A

fine 17%

superiore/vergine, solera, riserva 18%

115
Q

What does solera mean on Marsala

A

the wine spent at least 5 years in Solera

10 years solera riserva

116
Q

Name three other andalucia fortified DO

A

Malaga
Montilla Moriles
Condado de Huelva

117
Q

what results by fortifying must before fermentation

A

mistelle

118
Q

What is the VDL of champagne

A

Ratafia

119
Q

what is Ratafia

A

VDL of champagne

120
Q

which process uses mutage

A

Vin de liqueur

121
Q

what is cartegene

A

VDL from Languedoc

Wine (43 decks)

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