Forearm and wrist flexor

Question 1

What are the names of the joint the are primarily used in pronation and supination of the arm?

Answer 1

The superior radioulnar joint and the inferior radioulnar joint.

Question 2

Where does the ulna articulate with the radius in the distal forearm

Answer 2

The ulnar notch

Question 3

What are the processes on the radius and ulna lateral and medial sides respectively

Answer 3

Radial and ulna styloid processes.

Question 4

What separates the true wrist joint from the ulna.

Answer 4

The fibrous articular disc

Question 5

What does the true wrist joint encompass

Answer 5

The radius and carpal bones

Question 6

What happens when you pronate the forearm

Answer 6

The distal end of the radius rolls over the ulna and becomes medical to the distal end of the ulna

Question 7

What holds the ulna and radius together proximally

Answer 7

The anular ligament

Question 8

What holds the distal ends of the forearm bones together

Answer 8

The fibrous articular disc

Question 9

What mostly holds the radius and ulna together

Answer 9

The interosseous membrane

Question 10

What are the functions to the interosseous membrane

Answer 10

Hinge
Muscle attachment
Force transmission

Question 11

What are the bones of the wrist

Answer 11

Collectively the carpals.

Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate.

Question 12

What are the palm bones called

Answer 12

Metacarpals. 1-5 Thumb is one

Question 13

What are the finger bones called

Answer 13

Proximal, middle, distal phalanx

Question 14

What is the mneumonic for the wrist bones

Answer 14

Some lovers try positions that they cannot handle

Question 15

What are the joints of the wrist

Answer 15

Radiocarpal joint (true wrist joint)
Midcarpal joint 
Carpometacarpal joint

Question 16

What prevents the tendons of the flexor compartment bowstringing

Answer 16

The flexor retinaculum

Question 17

What are the four muscle in the superficial protonator compartment

Answer 17

Pronatir teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 18

Describe protonator teres

Answer 18

Origin medial condyle of humerus. Inserts halfway down radius

Question 19

Describe flexor carpi radialis

Answer 19

Origin common flexor tendon inserts second metacarpal (all carpi muscles insert into a metacarpal bone). Take radial pulse lateral to FCR tendon

Question 20

Describe palmaris longus

Answer 20

Origin common flexor tendon. Insertion Palmar aponeurosis. The palmar aponeurosis is what helps anchor the skin. Small muscle that doesn’t do a lot.

Question 21

Describe the flexor carpi ulnaris

Answer 21

origin common flexor tendon. Insertion pisiform bone (with slips to metacarpals) tendon over top of retinaculum.

Question 22

What is the muscle of the intermediate layer of the flexor compartment

Answer 22

Flexor digitorum superficialis.

Question 23

Describe flexor digitorum superficialis

Answer 23

Origin a lot of forearm and common flexor tendon. Inserts into made of middle phalanx of four digits.

Question 24

What are the muscles of the deep flexor compartment

Answer 24

Flexor digitorum profunus, flexor pollicus longus, pronator quadratus

Question 25

Describe the flexor digitorum profundus

Answer 25

Origin forearm. Insertion four distal phalanx, Under retinaculm tendon runs within FDS tendon.

Question 26

Describe flexor pollicus longus

Answer 26

Origin forearm. Tendon passes under retinaculum to distal phalynx of thumb.

Question 27

Describe pronator quadratus

Answer 27

Origin lateral margin of radius inserts to medial end of ulna.

Question 28

What are the two nerves that innervate the flexor compartment and what muscles do they innervate.

Answer 28

Ulnar nerve- flexor carpi ulnaris and half of flexor digitorum proudness. Radial nerve all the others.

Question 29

What is the nerve that is most at risk of inflammation of the carpal tunnel

Answer 29

The median nerve

Question 30

What does the median nerve branch into as it passes under pronator teres (and what does this then give off)

Answer 30

Anterior interosseous nerve which then gives off the recurrent branch which innervates the then muscles.

Question 31

What is the path of the ulna nerve

Answer 31

Comes off the medial cord. No innervation of the arm passes medially around the back of the medial epicondyle. Re-enters through the heads of flexor carpi ulnaris. Also innervates half of flexor digitorum profundus. Then innervates most of the hand.

Question 32

What are the branches of the median nerve

Answer 32

Palmar cutaneous branch, dorsal cutaneous branch, superficial and deep branch

Question 33

What branches does the brachial artery give off in the arm

Answer 33

Lateral side: First the profunda brachia which branches to…Anterior: radial collateral. Posterior: Radial collateral.
Medial side: Anterior inferior ulnar collateral. Posterior superior ulnar collateral.

Question 34

What are the two immediate branches off the brachial artery after it exits the bicipital aponeurosis

Answer 34

Radial and ulnar arteries

Question 35

What does the radial artery branch into in the forearm.

Answer 35

Radial recurrent which anastomoses with radio collateral

Question 36

What does the ulnar artery branch into

Answer 36

Anterior ulnar recurrent, anastamoses with inferior ulnar recurrent.
Posterior ulnar recurrent anastamoses with superior ulnar collateral.
Common interosseous which branches into the anterior and posterior interosseous. And the interosseous recurrent which anastamoses with the medial collateral.