Femoral triangle and anteromedial thigh Flashcards
What is the fascia lata. Where does it extend and finish, what does it form? Deficiencies? compartments formed?
Deep fascia that surrounds thigh. Attaches superiorly to the pubic tubercle pubis and inguinal ligament, laterally to the iliac crest and posteriorly to the sacrum, coccyx and ischial tuberosity. Extends down thigh and and becomes continuous with fascia in leg. Tendon of tensor fascia late joins fascia late to form iliotibial band. There is a deficincy in the anterior aspect known as saphenous opening and the FL forms three compartments alongside inter muscular septa. anterior medial and posterior.
What is the vein the comes out superficial to the fascia late
Great saphenous vein
What muscles are in the anterior compartment of the thigh?
Vastus medialis, rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis. (Quadracep, 4)
Rectus femoris
Origin- AIIS, superior acetabular rim.
Insertion- Superior patella (quad tendon)
Action- flexes thigh (only one of quad muscles to do so), extends leg
Nerve- femoral
Vastus lateralis
Origin- greater trochanter, line aspera
Insertion- superior patella, quads tendon
Action- extends leg
Nerve supply- femoral
Vastus medialis
Origin- intertrochanteric line, medial inter muscular septum
Insertion- superior patella quads tendon
Action- extend leg (at knee)
Nerve- femoral
Vastus intermedias
Origin- superior 2/3 femoral shaft, lateral intermuscular septum.
Insertion- superior patella (quads tendon)
Action- extend leg
Nerve- Femoral
Sartorius
Origin- ASIS
Insertion- medial knee
Action- flexes, abducts, externally rotates thigh, flexes leg
Nerve- femoral
Tensor Fascia Lata
Origin- ASIS
Insertion - lateral coldly of tibia via ITB.
Action Abducts thigh, dynamic stabilizer
Nerve- Superior gluteal
Medial compartment
Adductor longis, magnus and brevis.
Gracilis
Obturator externus
Origin and insertion of medial compartment muscles and actions
Origin-Front of pelvis
Insertion all along medial femur. Gracilis inserts medial tibia.
All flex thigh, adduct thigh and gracilis internall rotates leg.
Nerve supply mostly obturator. Magnus has some sciatic supply.
What compartment does magnus belong to
Half medial half posterior. Magnus means big
What does the CNS comprise
Brain and spinal cord
What does the peripheral nervous system comprise of?
Everything beyond the brain and spinal cord
How are spinal nerves named
Cervical 1-8. Thoracic 1-12. Lumbar 1-5. Sacral 1-5
Why is it important to know what spinal level peripheral nerves come from
Because if there is a spinal injury it affects how individual peripheral nerves work. knowing the spinal level associated with a peripheral nerve can tell you where the damage to the spinal column has occurred.
What components do spinal nerves have
Spinal nerves have motor and sensory components. Meaning that peripheral nerves often have motor and sensory compartments
What component of the peripheral nerve acts on muscles
The motor part. E.g. the motor part of the femoral nerve causes the leg to flex.
What are the spinal levels giving off the femoral nerve
L2-L4
What are the major branches of the femoral
The saphenous nerve
What are the motor branches of the femoral nerve
Anterior compartment of thigh
Sensory branches of femoral nerve
Anterior cutaneous nerve of thigh (anterior of thigh) and saphenous nerve (medial leg)
Spinal levels of obturator
L2-L4
Motor of obturator
Adductor muscles- medial compartment
Sensory of obturator
Covers a small area of medial thigh
What gives off the femoral artery
The external iliac artery (off common iliac, off aorta)
What does femoral vein drain too
External iliac vein- common iliac, aorta
What os the other vein that joins the femoral
Great saphenous
Boundaries of the femoral triangle
Sartorius laterally, adductor longs medially and inguinal ligament superiorly.
What is in the femoral triangle
Femoral nerve, femoral artery, femoral vein and lympahtic vessels
Clinical applications of femoral triangle
Femoral pulse (artery), veinous access (fluids)
How to give femoral nerve block
Know order of nerves/vessels. Identify artery (pulses). Nerve lateral to this.
