Foot and ankle Flashcards
Bones of the ankle joint
Tibia and fibula and tallus
Name the bone that makes the heel
Calcaneus
Name the bones in front of the talus
Navicular medial, cuboid lateral
Name the three bones in front of the navicular
Cuniforms (medial, intermediate, lateral)
What are the five mid toe bones called
Metatarsals
What are the toe bones called
Phalanges
What is the joint where the metatarsals and phalanges meet
Metatarsalphalangeal joint
What are the two ankle joints
Ankle joint proper (dosiflexion and plantar flexion) and subtalar (eversion and inversion)
When is the ankle joint most stable
In dorsiflexion
Where is the tibiofibular joint and what stabilises it
Distal end of tibia and fibula it is stabilised by the anterior and posterior tibiofibular joints which are essentially thickenings if the interosseus membrane.
What are the lateral ankle ligaments
Three parts anterior and posterior talofibular ligaments and calcaneofibular ligament
What is the medial ankle ligament
The deltoid ligament
Where is the medial malleolus
Medial distal bony prominence of tibia
What muscles and myotome cause dorsiflexion
Tibialis anterior, extensor hallicus longus and extensor digitorum longus.
Deep peroneal nerve.
Myotome L4, L5
What muscles and myotome cause plantarflexion of the ankle
Gastrocniemus Solieus Tibialis posterior Flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallicus longus Tibial nerve, S1 and S2
What muscles and myotome cause inversion of the ankle (and at which joint)
Subtalar joint, tibialis anterior, tibialis posterior. Myotomes L4
What muscles and myotome cause eversion of the ankle (and at which joint)
Subtalar
Perineus brevis and longus
L5, S1
What muscle layer do the neuromuscular bundle of the foot lie
Second layer
