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BTC Human A & P 2 > FOR FINAL Module 1 > Flashcards

FOR FINAL Module 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the purpose of hemoglobin

A

Carry oxygen

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2
Q

What part of the hemoglobin molecule binds oxygen?

A

To the iron.

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3
Q

How many oxygen can attach to one hemoglobin?

A

4 oxygen

The heme ring binds O2, consists of 4 polypeptide chains

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4
Q

How much carbon dioxide is transported by hemoglobin?

A

23%

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5
Q

Name 3 blood cell types?

-Medical term and function

A

1 - Red Blood Cell, Erythrocytes, Transport O2
2 - White Blood Cell, Leukocytes, Immune
3 - Platelets, Thrombocytes, Clotting

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6
Q

Where is erythropoietin made?

What does it do?

A
  • Made in the kidneys.

- Increases RBC production.

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7
Q

Do red blood cells have a nucleus?

A

NO

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8
Q

How long does an RBC live?

A

About 120 days

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9
Q

Name 5 major leukocytes.

A 
1 - Eosinophil
2 - Basophil
3 - Neutrophil
4 - Lymphocyte
5 - Monocyte
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10
Q

Eosinophil

A
  • combats effects of allergic reaction
  • 2-4% of WBC’s
  • 2 lobed nucleus
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11
Q

Basophil

A
  • release heparin, histamine & serotonin
  • least abundant type of WBC
  • Large hard to see nucleus
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12
Q

Neutrophil

A
  • phagocytes that respond quickly to tissue damage
  • Most abundant type of WBC
  • many lobed nucleus
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13
Q

Lymphocyte

A
  • many types, B cells, T cells, NK cells
  • 20-40% of WBC
  • smallest in size, nucleus has only small rim of cytoplasm
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14
Q

Monocyte

A
  • differentiate into macrophages
  • phagocytes that destroy microbes
  • 3-8% of WBC
  • nucleus is horseshoe shaped
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15
Q

Define Antigen

A
  • composed of glycoproteins & glycolipids

- can provoke antibodies

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16
Q

Define Antibodies

A

-protein produced by plasma cells in response to certain antigens.

17
Q 
Type A Blood
1-Antigen
2-Antibody
3-Can receive blood from
4-Can give blood to
A

1 - A
2 - Anti-B
3 - A & O
4 - A

18
Q 
Type B Blood
1-Antigen
2-Antibody
3-Can receive blood from
4-Can give blood to
A

1 - B
2 - Anti-A
3 - B & O
4 - B

19
Q 
Type AB Blood
1-Antigen
2-Antibody
3-Can receive blood from
4-Can give blood to
A

1 - A & B
2 - no antibody
3 - A, B, AB & O (universal receiver)
4 - AB

20
Q 
Type O Blood
1-Antigen
2-Antibody
3-Can receive blood from
4-Can give blood to
A

1 - No Antigen
2 - Both A & B
3 - O
4 - A, B, AB, & O (universal donor)

21
Q

Major damage caused by transfusion reaction?

A

Agglutination (clumping of RBC’s)

22
Q

What is Rh antigen?

A

specific Rh antigen on surface of RBC’s

23
Q

What does Rh+ mean?

A

Means you have the antigen.

24
Q

What happens if Rh- receives Rh+ blood?

A

They will make the anti-Rh antibody.

25
Q

What happens if Rh- person receives Rh+ blood more than one time?

A
  • Antibodies then attack the Rh antigen.

- Causes agglutination & hemolysis (rupture of RBC’s).

26
Q

Which 2 valves are termed AV valves?

A
  • Tricuspid valve

- Bicuspid valve

27
Q

Which 2 valves are termed semilunar valves?

A
  • Aortic valve

- Pulmonary valve

28
Q

What force causes the open & close of the AV valves?

A

higher pressure in the atria than ventricles.

29
Q

What force causes the open & close of the semilunar valves?

A

higher pressure in ventricles than in arteries.

30
Q 
Atrial Systole
1-preceeded by \_\_\_\_EKG wave
2-causes the atria to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
3-blood goes where\_\_\_\_\_\_
4-Semilunar valves are \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
A

1- P wave
2- contract
3-to the ventricles
4 - closed

31
Q 
Ventricular Systole
1-preceeded by \_\_\_\_EKG wave
2-causes the ventricles to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
3-AV valves \_\_\_\_\_\_
4-Semilunar valves \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
5 - blood does what
A 
1- QRS wave
2- contract
3- close (make lubb sound)
4- open
5- ventricular ejection of blood into arteries
32
Q 
Ventricular Diastole
1-preceeded by \_\_\_\_EKG wave
2-causes the ventricles to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
3-AV valves \_\_\_\_\_\_
4-Semilunar valves \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
A

1- T wave
2- relax
3 - open
4- close (makes dupp sound)

33
Q

Three branches off of aortic arch from left to right.

A

1-Brachiocephalic
2-Left common carotid
3-Left subclavian

34
Q

Heart conduction system
1-name parts in order
2-what is the natural pacemaker

A

1- SA node, AV node, AV bundle, Bundle branches, Purkinje fibers
2 - SA node

BTC Human A & P 2 (11 decks)

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