Foot Yangming 34-45 Flashcards
ST34 Liangqiu
Beam Hill (Ridge Mound)
ST34 Location
With knee flexed, 2 cun above the superior lateral border of the patella on a line connecting with the ASIS.
ST34 Needling
Perpendicular or oblique 1 - 1.5 cun
ST34 Associations
Xi Cleft Point
ST34 TCM Patterns
- Stomach Food Stagnation
- Stomach Blood Stagnation
- Stomach Rebellious Qi
- Stomach Cold Invasion
- Spleen Qi Deficiency
ST34 TCM Actions
Activates the channel and alleviates pain
Harmonizes the stomach and alleviates pain
Moderates acute conditions
ST34 Indications
Conditions / Symptoms:
Back pain & Breast Distention
Leg pain
Acid Reflux Disease (GERD)
Circulation issues of knee and lower leg
Knee Pain (Lateral
Parkinson’s Disease (PD)
Vomiting
Abdominal Pain
ST34 Neuroanatomy
Superficial Innervation: Intermediate femoral cutaneous nerve of the thigh from L2 - L4
Dermatome Segment: L3
ST34 Nearby Points
SP10 - With knee flexed, 2 cun superior to the superior medial border of the patella on a bulge in the middle of the vastus lateralis (quadriceps femoris)
LV9 - 4 cun above the medial epicondyle of the femur in a depression between vastus lateralis and sartorius
ST35 Dubi
Calf’s Nose
ST35 Location
On the knee, in a hollow formed when the knee is flexed, immediately below the patella and lateral to the patellar ligament
ST35 Needling
With the knee flexed and supported by a rolled pillow: perpendicular insertion directed towards Weizhong Bl-40, 1 - 2 cun, or oblique insertion in a medial and superior direction, behind the patella 1 - 2 cun, or behind the patella ligaement to join with medial Xiyan (MN-LE-16)
ST35 Associations
No hats.
Luo harmonizing point?
ST35 TCM Patterns
?
ST35 TCM Actions
Dispels wind-damp and reduces swelling
Activates the channel and alleviates pain
ST35 Indications
Conditions and Symptoms:
Knee pain - swelling, difficult movement, weakness
Atrophy of lower limb
Knee problems. Often used with heding and the medial xiyan extra points.
ST35 Neuroanatomy
Superficial Innervation: Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve of the calf from L4 - S1
Dermatome Segment: L5
ST35 Notes
At the end of a Stomach Luo treatment this point is needled, deqi grasped and removed immediately to normalize the circulation of blood
http://www.steve-woodley.co.uk/?content=pointsearch&point=St-35
ST35 Nearby Points
GB33 - 3 cun above GB34, lateral to the knee joint, in a depression above the external epicondyle of the femur, between the femur and tendon of biceps femoris
LV8 - At the medial end of the transverse popliteal crease, posterior to the medial apicondyle of the femur, in a depression on the anterior border of the insertions of semitendinosus and semimembranosus, about 1 cun anterior to KD10.
EX-LE-2 Heding - in a depression at the midpoint and superior to the patella
EX-LE-5 Xiyan - Lateral (ST35) and medial knee depressions
ST36 Zusanli
Leg Three Miles
ST36 Location
3 cun inferior to ST35, 1 fingerbreadth lateral to the anterior crest of the tibia
ST36 Needling
Perpendicular insertion 1 to 1.5 cun
ST36 Associations
He Sea and Earth point
(Horary Point of ST channel)
Lower He Sea point of ST
Command Point of Abdomen
Heavenly Star Point
Point of Sea of Water and Grain
ST36 TCM Actions
Activates the channel and alleviates pain
Fortifies the spleen and resolves dampness
Supports the correct qi and fosters original qi
Tonifies qi and nourishes blood and yin
Clears fire and calms the spirit
Revives the Yang and restores consciousness
ST36 Indications
Conditions / Symptoms:
Muscle Weakness
Abdominal Pain/Distention
Nausea
Diabetes Type I/Type II
Immunity
Breast Distention
Urination/Bladder problems
Leg pain
Asthma
Rebellious qi - vomiting, hiccup, belching
Wheezing (Dyspnea)
Appetite (Too Much/Too Little)
Tinnitus
Constipation
Hypertenstion/Palpitations
EPF’s (fever/chills, fever w/o sweating)
Diarrhea (Chronic/Acute)
Mental Health/Middle Jiao Hot or Cold
Acute heart/chest pain
Taxations 5 and 7 injuries
Chronic pain anywhere
Headaches
Edema
Dizziness
4 insufficiencies: insufficiency of original qi, insufficiency of yin qi, insufficiency of zang qi, insufficiency of Stomach qi,
ST36 Neuroanatomy
Superficial Innervation: Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve of the calf (L4 - S1)
Dermatome Segment: L5
Deeper Structures: Common fibular (peroneal) nerve (L4 - S3)
ST36 Trigger Point
Muscle: Tibialis anterior
Myotome Innervation: Deep fibular (peroneal) nerve (L4 - S3)
Pain Referral Pattern: Inferior to the point, across the front of the leg to the anterior of the ankle and the big toe
Indications: Strain of dorsiflexors of foot ; Ankle sprain
ST36 TCM Patterns/Notes
- SP Qi Deficiency
- SP Qi Sinking
- SP Unable to Control Blood
- SP Blood Deficiency
- Stomach Yin Deficiency
- Stomach Qi Deficiency (and Cold)
- LU Qi Deficiency
http://www.steve-woodley.co.uk/?content=pointsearch&point=St-36
ST36 Nearby Points
GB34 - In a depression anterior and inferior to the head of the fibula
SP9 - In a depression posterior and inferior to the medial condyle of the tibia. Or…on the lower border of the medial condyle of the tibia on level with tuberosity of the tibia.
LV7 - 1 cun posterior to SP9, posterior and inferior to the medial condyle of the tibia, in th upper portion of the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle
ST37 Shangjuxu
Upper Great Void
ST37 Location
6 cun below ST35, 1 finger width lateral to the anterior crest of the tibia
ST37 Needling
Perpendicular 1 - 1.5 cun
ST37 Associations
Lower He Sea Point of the LI
Sea of Blood Point
ST37 TCM Patterns
ST Fire
ST Food Stagnation
Blood Stagnation
SP Blood Xu
SP Damp-Cold Invasion
ST37 TCM Actions
Activates channel and alleviates pain
Regulates the intestines and transforms stagnation
Clear damp-heat and alleviates diarrhea/dysenteric disorder
Regulates SP & ST
ST37 Indications
Conditions / Symptoms:
Dysentary/Diarrhea
Insufficient Zang Qi
SOB/Dyspnea
Pain/Cold/Numb Legs - Bone Marrow Pain
Leukemia
Abdominal Pain/Distention
Constipation
Excess/acute disorders of GI system
Damp/heat problems (eg. Dark Urine)
Mental Health - manic
Anxiety/Palpitations
Sound Sensitivity
Qi rushing to chest/fullness of chest
Swelling of face
Sea of Blood Point - if excess the patient may have feelings of largeness, whereas, if deficient the patient may feel small.
ST37 Neuroanatomy
Superficial Innervation: Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve of the calf (L4 - S1)
Dermatome Segment: L5
Deeper Structures: Common fibular (peroneal) nerve (L4 - S1)
ST37 Trigger Point
Muscle: Extensor digitorum longus
Myotome Innervation: Common fibula (peroneal) nerve (L4 - S1)
Pain Referral Pattern: On the lateral anterior aspect of the lower half of the lower leg and ankle, and concentrating on the lateral aspect of the dorsum of the foot, possibly extending to the 4 lateral toes.
Indications: Strain of toe extensors
ST37 Notes
This point is also on the 5th trajectory of the Chong mai relating to digestive functions
The “59 piercings” are named in the Su Wen Ch. 61 and mentioned in Su Wen Ch. 32 and Ling Shu Ch. 23 for treating Heat diseases. This point along with Qichong St-30, Zusanli St-36 and Xiajuxu St-39 clear Heat from the stomach.
Ling Shu Ch. 19, on the Four Seasonal Qi, recommends this point for disease in the Large Intestine with borborygmus and rushing against the chest, use this hole, Zusanli St-36 and either the diaphragm (Unschuld, 2016) or Qihai Ren-6 (Wu & Wu, 2010)
http://www.steve-woodley.co.uk/?content=pointsearch&point=St-37
ST37 Nearby Points
SP8 - 3 cun below SP9 on a line joining SP9 and the tip of the medial malleolus
ST38 Tiaokou
Ribbon Opening (Lines Opening)
ST38 Location
8 cun below ST35, one fingerwidth lateral from the anterior border of the tibia
ST38 Needling
Perpendicular or oblique insertion 1 - 1.5 cun
ST38 Associations
None
ST38 TCM Patterns
Expels wind-damp and alleviates pain
Benefits shoulder
ST38 TCM Patterns
Blood Stagnation
ST38 Indications
Conditions / Symptoms:
Parkinson’s Disease (PD)
Leg Pain (Swelling, Atrophy, Numbness)
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder)
Shoulder Pain - Empirical point
Muscle Weakness
Abdominal pain
ST38 Neuroanatomy
Superficial Innervation: Lateral cutaneous nerve of the calf from L4 - S1
Dermatome Segment: L5
ST38 Notes
Ling Shu Ch. 19, on the Four Seasonal Qi, recommends this point for disease in the Small Intestine reversing to attack the Intestines and Stomach, combined with Qihai Ren-6 (Unschuld, 2016) or “the Source point of the Chest” (Wu & Wu, 2010), plus points on the Hand Taiyin Lung to supplement and Foot Jueyin Liver to drain.
http://www.steve-woodley.co.uk/?content=pointsearch&point=St-38
ST38 Nearby Points
LV6 - 7 cun above the tip of the medial malleolus on the midline of the medial surface of the tibia
GB35 - 7 cun above the tip of the external malleolus on the posterior border of the fibula, level with GB36 and UB58
GB36 - 7 cun above the tip of the external malleolus on the anterior border of the fibula
ST39 Xiajuxu
Lower Great Void
ST39 Location
On the lower leg, 7 cun superior to the lateral malleolus, 9 cun inferior to ST35, one fingerbreadth lateral to the anterior crest of the tibia.
3 cun inferior to Shangjuxu St-37, and 1 cun inferior to Tiaokou St-38
ST39 Needling
Perpendicular or oblique insertion 1 - 1.5 cun
ST39 Associations
Lower He Sea point of SI
Point of Sea of Blood
ST39 TCM Patterns
Blood Stagnation
?
ST39 TCM Actions
Moves small intestine qi and transforms stagnation
Regulates and harmonizes intestines
Clear damp-heat
Activates channel and alleviates pain
ST39 Indications
Conditions / Symptoms:
Poor Appetite
Abdominal Pain
Lumbar pain to genitals
Leg Pain (atrophy, numbness, swelling)
Abscess Breast/Mastitis
Diarrhea/Dysentery
Insufficiency SI Qi/Channel Problems
Undigested Food
Muscle Weakness/Muscular Dystrophy
Mental Health
ST39 Neuroanatomy
Superficial Innervation: Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve of the calf (L4 - S1)
Dermatome Segment: L5
Deeper Structures: Deep fibular (peroneal) nerve (L4 - S1)
ST39 Notes
This point is also on the 5th trajectory of the Chong mai relating to digestive functions (Yuen, 2005, The Extraoridinary Vessels).
The “59 piercings” are named in the Su Wen Ch. 61 and mentioned in Su Wen Ch. 32 and Ling Shu Ch. 23 for treating Heat diseases. This point along with Qichong St-30, Zusanli St-36 and Shangjuxu St-37 clear Heat from the stomach.
http://www.steve-woodley.co.uk/?content=pointsearch&point=St-39
ST39 Nearby Points
LV6 - 7 cun above the tip of the medial malleolus on the midline of the medial surface of the tibia
GB35 - 7 cun above the tip of the external malleolus on the posterior border of the fibula, level with GB36 and UB58
GB36 - 7 cun above the tip of the external malleolus on the anterior border of the fibula
UB58 - 7 cun directly above UB 60 on the posterior border of the fibula about 1 cun lateral and inferior to UB 57.
ST40 Fenglong
Abundant Bulge
ST40 Location
8 cun below ST35, 2 fingerbreadths lateral to the anterior crest of the tibia
ST40 Needling
Perpendicular or oblique insertion 1 - 1.5 cun
ST40 Associations
Luo Connecting Point
ST40 TCM Patterns
Stomach Dampness
Phlegm Misting Heart
Phlegm Stagnation
ST40 TCM Actions
Transforms phlegm and dampness
Benefits the chest
Clears phlegm from lung and activates coughing and wheezing
Clears phlegm from the heart and calms spirit
Activates the channel and alleviates pain
ST40 Indications
Conditions / Symptoms:
Leg Pain
Oppression of Chest
Asthma
Dizziness (Vertigo)
Sore Throat
Plum Pit Qi
Abdomen Cutting Pain
Cough, Copious Phlegm
Epilepsy
Manic Depression
Vocal Problems
Depression
Headache
Urination/defecation difficult
Muscle Weakness - damp body, slack and heavy
ST40 Neuroanatomy
Superficial Innervation: Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve of the calf (L4 - S1)
Dermatome Segment: L5
Deeper Structures: Deep fibular (peroneal) nerve (L4 - S1)
ST40 Notes
Main point in the body for transforming all types of phlegm
http://www.steve-woodley.co.uk/?content=pointsearch&point=St-40
ST40 Nearby Points
LV6 - 7 cun above the tip of the medial malleolus on the midline of the medial surface of the tibia
GB35 - 7 cun above the tip of the external malleolus on the posterior border of the fibula, level with GB36 and UB58
GB36 - 7 cun above the tip of the external malleolus on the anterior border of the fibula
UB58 - 7 cun directly above UB 60 on the posterior border of the fibula about 1 cun lateral and inferior to UB 57.
ST41 Jiexi
Stream Divide
ST41 Location
On the midpoint of the transverse crease of the ankle, approximately level with the tip of the external malleolus, in a depression between the tendons of extensor digitorum longs and hallucis longus.
ST41 Caution
The anterior tibial vessels and nerve lie deep to this point.
ST41 Associations
Jing River
Fire Point
ST41 TCM Patterns
Phlegm Misting the Heart
ST41 TCM Actions
Clears heat from the stomach channel and fu
Calms the spirit
Activates the channel and alleviates pain
ST41 Indications
Conditions / Symptoms:
Palpitations
EPF’s absence of sweating
Ankle Pain
Headache
Channel issues opposite end (head/face)
Abdominal Pain
Constipation
Attention Deficit Disorder (ADHD/ADD)
Dizziness
Epilepsy
Manic Depression
Y atrophY, injurY
ST41 Neuroanatomy
Superficial Innervation: Superficial peroneal nerve from L4 - S1
Dermatome Segment: L5
ST41 Notes
One of the points in the Internal Dragons protocol in five element acupuncture, along with Jiuwei Ren-15, Tianshu St-25 and Futu St-32, for eliminating a blockage between the therapist and patient, or a disconnection from themselves, due to internal causes.
In five element acupuncture this point is reinforced to tonify Stomach deficiencies.
http://www.steve-woodley.co.uk/?content=pointsearch&point=St-41
ST41 Nearby Points
LV4 - Anterior to the medial malleolus, midway between SP5 and ST41, in a depression on the medial side of the tendon of tibialis anterior
SP5 - On the medial side of the ankle, in a depression at the junction of lines drawn along the anterior and inferior sides of the medial malleolus (or) Midway between the prominence of the medial malleolus and the tuberosity of the navicular bone
GB40 - Anterior and inferior to the external malleolus in a depression on the lateral side of the tendon of extensor digitorum longus
ST42 Chongyang
Surging Yang
ST42 Location
In a depression formed by the junction of the second and third metatarsals and the cuneiform bone, between the tendons of the long extensors of the big toe and other toes (or) 1.5 cun distal to ST41 on a line drawn between ST41 and ST43, at the point where the pulsation of the dorsalis pedis artery can be felt.
ST42 Needling
Oblique or perpendicular insertion 0.3 - 0.5 cun
ST42 Caution
Care should be taken not to puncture the dorsalis pedis artery which lies beneath this point
ST42 Associations
Yuan Source Point
Exit Point to SP1
ST42 TCM Patterns
Liver Wind
ST42 TCM Actions
Activates channel and alleviates pain
Clears heat from the stomach channel
Harmonizes the stomach fu
Calms spirit
ST42 Indications
Conditions / Symptoms:
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
Opposite end channel issues
Parkinson’s Disease
EPF absence of sweating
Depression/Manic
Stroke (CVA)
Ankle Pain
Bell’s Palsy
Bipolar/Depression
Abdominal Distention/Pain
Toothache
ST42 Neuroanatomy
Superficial Innervation: Superficial peroneal nerve from L4 - S1
Dermatome Segment: L5
ST42 Trigger Point
Muscle: Extensor hallucis brevis
Myotome Innervation: Lateral terminal branch of deep fibular (peroneal) nerve (S1 - S2)
Pain Referral Pattern: Around point
Indications: Foot strain
ST42 Notes
ST42 Nearby Points
GB41 - Posterior to the 4th metatarsophalangeal joint in a depression lateral to the tendon of extensor digiti minimi
SP4 - In a depression distal and inferior to te base of the 1st metatarsal bone on the
KD2 - Anterior and inferior to the medial malleolus in a depression on the lower border of the tuberosity of the navicular bone
ST43 Xiangu
Sunken Valley
ST43 Location
On the dorsum of the foot between the 2nd and 3rd metatarsals, in a depression 1 cun proximal to Neiting ST44.
ST43 Needling
Perpendicular 0.5 - 1 cun
ST43 Associations
Shu Stream
Wood Point
ST43 TCM Patterns
Stomach Fire
ST43 TCM Actions
Regulates spleen and dispels edema
Regulates and harmonizes stomach and intestines
ST43 TCM Indications
Conditions / Symptoms:
Borborygmus/Belching frequent
Edema
Hiccups
Abdominal Pain
Local foot pain
Facial Pain
EPF - fever w absence of sweating
Similar actions to ST 44 but used less often - will clear heat from the channel and organ.
Classically noted for clearing facial pain and/or edema / swelling. May be used for general edema.
ST43 Neuroanatomy
Superficial Innervation: Superficial peroneal nerve from L4 - S1
Dermatome Segment: L5
ST43 Notes
Ling Shu Ch. 19, on the Four Seasonal Qi, advises using the Shu-Stream points, unless the diseases are in the Fu organs, in which case the He-Sea points are chosen.
Ling Shu Ch. 34, On the Five Disturbances, advises piercing this point with Neiting St-44, Zulingqi GB-41and Xianxi GB-43 after bleeding stagnant blood in the vessels to remove disturbing Qi in the limbs causing counterflow.
http://www.steve-woodley.co.uk/?content=pointsearch&point=St-43
ST43 Nearby Points
LV3 - On the dorsum of the foot in the hollow distal to the junctions of the 1st and 2nd metatarsal bones
GB42 - Between the 4th and 5th metatarsal bones, in a depression proximal to the metatarsal heads, on the medial side of the tendon of extensor digitorum branch to the little toe
ST44 Neiting
Inner Courtyard
ST44 Location
On the dorsum of the foot beween the 2nd and 3rd toes, 0.5 cun proximal to the margin of the web
ST44 Needling
Perpendicular insertion 0.5 cun or oblique insertion directed proximally 0.5 - 1 cun
ST44 Associations
Ying Spring
Water Point
Heavenly Star Point
ST44 TCM Patterns
- Stomach Fire
- Stomach Rebellious Qi
- Stomach Food Retention
- Spleen and Stomach Damp Heat
ST44 TCM Actions
Clears heat from the stomach channel
Alleviates pain
Harmonizes intestines and clears damp heat
Calms spirit
ST44 Indications
Conditions / Symptoms:
Diarrhea/Constipation
Abdominal Pain
Toothache
Acid Reflux Disease (GERD)
Bell’s Palsy
Aversion to cold
Stroke
EPF’s with absence of sweat
Sore Throat
Tinnitus
Eye Problems
Fever
Facial Pain
Sound sensitivity
Ying Spring Point - Clears heat from the channel and organ - febrile disease with absence of sweating.
Useful for issues of the Face & Jaw along with LI 4 - toothache, facial pain, bell’s palsy, stroke, sore throat, eye pain.
Damp Heat in the intestines - diarrha, dysentary, distention, abominal pain, constipation, GERD.
Interior heat that presents with cold signs - Feel hot but hands/feet are cold or Red tongue w/cold extremities.
ST44 Neuroanatomy
Superficial Innervation: Superficial peroneal nerve from L4 - S1
Dermatome Segment: L5
ST44 Notes
Important point for clearing Heat from the Stomach and Yangming
http://www.steve-woodley.co.uk/?content=pointsearch&point=St-44
ST44 Nearby Points
LV2 - On the dorsum of the foot between the 1st and 2nd toes, 0.5 cun proximal to the web margin
GB43 - on the dorsum of the foot between the 4th and 5th toes, 0.5 cun proximal to the web margin
Bafeng - On the dorsum of the foot between the web and metatarsophalangeal joints (4 points on each foot)
ST45 Lidui
Strict Exchange (Severe Mouth)
ST45 Location
On the dorsal aspect of the second toe, on the junction of a line drawn along the lateral border and base of the nail, approx. 0.1 cun from the corner of the nail
ST45 Needling
Perpendicular or oblique insertion directed proximally 0.1 to 0.2 cun or prick to bleed
ST45 Associations
Jing Well
Metal Point
(Son Point of Stomach Channel)
ST45 TCM Patterns
- Phlegm Misting the Heart
- Heart Yin Deficiency
- Liver Wind
- Stomach Fire (Phlegm Fire in Stomach)
- Food Accumulation in Stomach
ST45 TCM Actions
Clears heat from the stomach channel
Clears heat, calms the spirit and restores consciousness
ST45 Indications
Conditions / Symptoms:
Toothache
Headache
EPF’s (absence sweat)
Insomnia
Sore Throat
Temporomandibular Joint Disorder (TMJ)
Stroke (CVA)
Bells Palsy
Loss of Consciousness
Excessive Hunger
Excessive Dreaming
Depression (Manic)
Lower leg, knee, shin pain and moves cold
Release heat a/or move stagnation from the channel and organ - headaches, toothaches, facial pain, sore throat, TMJ, bell’s palsy, facial deviation from stroke.
Swelling of the face, heat in the head, nosebleed, yellow nasal discharge, rhinitis with nosebleed, toothache, lockjaw, throat painful obstruction, cracked lips, deviation of the mouth.
ST45 Neuroanatomy
Superficial Innervation: Superficial peroneal nerve from L4 - S1
Dermatome Segment: L5
ST45 Notes
In five element acupuncture this point is reduced to drain excess in the Stomach.
http://www.steve-woodley.co.uk/?content=pointsearch&point=ST-45
ST45 Nearby Points
SP1 - On the medial side of the big toe, 0.1 cun from teh corner of the nail
LV1 - On the lateral side of the big toe, 0.1 cun from the corner of the nail
GB44 - On the lateral side of the 4th toe, 0.1 cun from the corner of the nail