Foot Taiyin 11-21 Flashcards
SP11 Jimen
Winnowing Gate
SP11 Location
On the medial side of the upper leg, 6 cun proximal to SP10, on a line connecting SP10 with SP12 (inguinal groove level with symphysis pubis, 3.5 cun lateral to RN2)
SP11 Needling
Perpendicular or oblique 0.5 - 1 cun
SP11 Caution
Deep needling may puncture femoral artery
SP11 Associations
No hats
SP11 Indications
Conditions/Symptoms:
Swelling in the groin,
Urinary issues related to damp-heat
Genital Pain/Itching
Atrophy of muscles
Retention of urine
Used for a variety of urinary issues related to a collection of dampness/damp-heat - difficult urination/obstruction, retention of urine
SP11 TCM Actions
Regulates urination
Drains damp and clears heat
SP11 TCM Patterns
Bladder Damp Heat
SP11 Neuroanatomy
Superficial Innervation: Obdurator nerve from L2 - L4
Dermatome Segment: L2, L3
SP11 Trigger Point
Muscle: Vastus medialis, adductor magnus (deep) and sartorius
Myotome Innervation: Vastus medialis and sartorius: Femoral nerve (L2 - L3); Adductor magnus: Obdurator nerve (L2 - L4);
Location Notes: For sartorius locate on the belly on the muscle, for vastus medius locate just under the sartorius
Pain Referral Pattern:
Vastus medialis: From point to medial side of the knee
Adductor magnus: Medial side of thigh from groin to knee
Sartiorus: Local to point along the path on the muscle
Indications: Diseases of the hip and knee ; Strain of vastus medialis, adductor magnus or sartorius
SP11 Nearby Points
UB37 - 6 cun distal to UB36 (gluteal fold) on a line connecting UB36 and UB40
SP12 Chongmen
Surging Gate
SP12 Location
Superior to the lateral end of the inguinal groove lateral to the pulsing of the external iliac artery, level with the pubic symphysis, 3.5 cun lateral to RN2
SP12 Needling
Perpendicular 0.5 - 1 cun
SP12 Caution
Deep needling in a medial direction may puncture the femoral artery and in a lateral direction the femoral nerve
SP12 Associations
No hats.
Opening point to SP Divergent channel
SP12 Indications
Conditions / Symptoms:
Lin Disease - Urinary disorders
Obstruction pain of the lower limb
Lactation difficulty
Hemorrhoids
Abdominal Pain/Fullness/Masses
Hernia
Atrophy disorder
Drain damp, clear heat, invigorate blood
SP12 TCM Actions
Invigorates blood, regulates qi to alleviate pain
Drains damp, clears heat and regulates urination
SP12 TCM Patterns
Bladder Damp Heat
SP12 Neuroanatomy
Superficial Innervation: Femoral branches of genitofemoral nerve from L1
Dermatome Segment: L1
SP12 Notes
Ling Shu Ch. 71, On Evil Visitors, says that when a depletion evil is in the Spleen it remains in the two thighs. Yuen’s theory of the Divergent meridians suggests that they store pathogens at the major joints, depleting our resources while they do, which would suggest this is referring to the Spleen/Stomach Divergent. Jimen Sp-11 could also be a candidate as the text only specifies the thigh.
http://www.steve-woodley.co.uk/?content=pointsearch&point=Sp-12
SP12 Nearby Points
RN2 - On the top notch, in the centre of the superior border of the symphysis pubis
KD11 - 0.5 cun lateral to RN2, 5 cun below RN8
ST30 - 2 cun lateral to AML level with RN2
LV12 - Lateral and inferior to ST30 in the inguinal groove where the femoral artery is palpable, 2.5 cun lateral to the midline
SP13 Fushe
Bowel Abode (Abode of Fu)
SP13 Location
4 cun lateral to the midline, 0.7 cun superior to SP12 (superior border of symphysis pubis)
SP13 Needling
Perpendicular 1 - 1.5 cun
SP13 Caution
In thin patients deep needling could puncture the peritoneal cavity
SP13 Associations
None
Trigger Point
SP13 Indications
Conditions / Symptoms:
Alleviate pain
Thigh pain
Too much stress
Abdominal Masses/Pain
Cysts/Fibroids
Hernia
Emotion causing masses
SP13 TCM Actions
Regulates liver qi and alleviates pain
SP13 TCM Patterns
Liver Qi Stagnation
SP13 Neuroanatomy
Superficial Innervation: Femoral branches of genitofemoral nerve from L1
Dermatome Segment: L1
SP13 Trigger Point
Muscle: Lateral abdominals
Myotome Innervation: Intercostal nerves from T8 - T12 and iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves (L1)
Location Notes: Various points around here may cause diarrhoea if active
Pain Referral Pattern: From point and inferiorly to groin with spillover across abdomen
Indications: Abdominal pain and digestive discomfort
SP13 Nearby Points
RN2 - in the notch on the midline of the superior border of the pubic symphysis
RN3 - On the midline 1 cun above the superior border of the pubic symphysis
SP14 Fujie
Abdominal Bind (Knot)
SP14 Location
On the lower abdomen, 1.3 cun inferior to SP15 and 4 cun lateral to the midline on the border of rectus abdominus
SP14 Needling
Perpendicular 1 - 1.5 cun
SP14 Caution
In thin patients, deep needling may puncture the peritoneal cavity
SP14 Associations
None
SP14 Indications
Conditions / Symptoms:
Panic Attack/Periumbilical Pain
Abdominal Pain
Rushing Qi
Constipation/Cough
Heart Pain
Esophageal Reflux (GERD)
Diarrhea
Warms the middle warmer and dissipates cold for lower abdominal pain, diarrhea (from cold), abdominal pain, constipation.
Resolves counterflow qi - can be used to subdue fright (i.e. panic attacks) from counterflow qi disrupting the heart and/or cough from counterflow qi disrupting the lung.
SP14 TCM Actions
Warms and benefits the lower jiao
Regulates qi and descends rebellion
SP14 TCM Patterns
Stomach Cold
Stomach Rebellious Qi
Heart Qi Stagnation
Lung Qi Stagnation
SP14 Neuroanatomy
Superficial Innervation: Lateral cutaneous thoracic nerve from T12
Dermatome Segment: T12
SP14 Major Combination
Major Combinations:
Rushing Heart:
Fujie Sp-14 and Xingjian Liv-2 (CAM)
http://www.steve-woodley.co.uk/?content=pointsearch&point=Sp-14
SP14 Nearby Points
RN6 - Midway between RN5 and RN7, 1.5 cun inferior to the umbilicus
RN7 - 1 cun inferior to the umbilicus
ST26 - 2 cun lateral to the AML, level with RN7
KD15 - 1 cun below RN8, 0.5 cun lateral to RN7
SP15 Daheng
Great Horizontal
SP15 Location
On the abdomen, in the depression at the lateral border of the rectus abdominus muscle, 4 cun from the midline, level with the umbilicus
SP15 Needling
Perpendicular insertion 0.5- 1 cun
SP15 Caution
In thin patients, deep needling may puncture the peritoneal cavity. Deep needling at this point may puncture an enlarged liver or spleen.
SP15 Associations
Intersection point of SP with Yin Wei Mai, Dai Mai and Kidney Divergent
SP15 Indications
Conditions / Symptoms:
Sighing
Constipation/Cold abdomen
Abdominal Pain
Diarrhea (ST25 better)
Sadness
SP15 TCM Actions
Disperses water (water retention in the intestine, mucus in stool, chronic diarrhea)
Moves qi and regulates intestines
SP15 TCM Patterns
Large Intestine Damp Heat
Cold in the Large Intestine
SP15 Neuroanatomy
Superficial Innervation: Lateral cutaneous thoracic nerve from T11
Dermatome Segment: T11
SP15 Major Point Combinations
Arched back with sorrowful weeping:
Daheng Sp-15 with Tianchong GB-9
Constipation:
Daheng Sp-15 with Dachangshu Bl-25 and Zhigou SJ-6 (Deadman)
http://www.steve-woodley.co.uk/?content=pointsearch&point=Sp-15
SP15 Notes
Classical texts such as the Nei Jing and Ling Shu which considered the Dai mai as simple a circle around the waist, would include this as a point on the Dai mai, along with others level to Shenque Ren-8 and Mingmen Du-4 instead of the traditional points (Yuen, 2005, The Eight Extraordinary Vessels).
http://www.steve-woodley.co.uk/?content=pointsearch&point=Sp-15
SP15 Nearby Points
RN8 - Centre of the umbilicus
KD16 - 0.5 cun lateral to umbilicus
ST25 - 2 cun lateral to AML, level with umbilicus
GB26 - Directly below LV13 at the crossing point of a vertical line through the free end of the 11th rib and a horizontal line through the umbilicus
SP16 Fuhai
Abdomen Sorrow (Abdominal Lament)
SP16 Location
On the abdomen at the lateral depression of the rectus abdominus muscle, 4 cun from the midline, 3 cun superior to SP15, level with RN11 and ST22
SP16 Needling
Perpendicular 0.5 - 1 cun
SP16 Caution
In thin patients deep needling may penetrate the peritoneal cavity. Deep needling at this point on the left may penetrate an enlarged spleen.
SP16 Associations
Intersection of SP and Yin Wei Mai
SP16 Indications
Conditions / Symptoms:
Blood in stool
Undigested food in stool
Diarrhea
Dysentary
Heat in intestines
Abdominal Pain
SP16 TCM Actions
Regulates intestines
SP16 TCM Patterns
Stomach Cold
Cold Invading Large Intestine
Large Intestine Damp Heat
LV & GB Damp Heat
SP16 Neuroanatomy
Superficial Innervation: Lateral cutaneous thoracic nerve from T9
Dermatome Segment: T9
SP16 Major Combination
Undigested food in the stool:
Fuhai Sp-16 and Taibai Sp-3
http://www.steve-woodley.co.uk/?content=pointsearch&point=Sp-16
SP16 Notes
This points name, “abdomen sorrow”, its function of regulating the intestines, its location under the ribcage where Liver Qi stagnation can is diagnosed by palpable tightness and its assignment to the Yin Wei Mai (opened with Pc-6) suggest its main use is for digestive disorders due to emotional trauma.
http://www.steve-woodley.co.uk/?content=pointsearch&point=Sp-16
SP16 Nearby Points
RN11 - 3 cun above the umbilicus on the AML
KD18 - 3 cun above the umbilicus and 0.5 cun lateral to the AML
ST22 - 3 cun above the umbilicus and 2 cun lateral to the AML
LV13 - on the lateral side of the abdomen directly below the free end of the 11th floating rib
GB25 - on the lateral side of the abdomen on the lower border of the free end of the 12th floating rib
SP17 Shidou
Food Cavity
SP17 Location
On the lateral side of the chest, in the fifth intercostal space, 6 cun lateral to the midline
SP17 Needling
Transverse-oblique insertion along the intercostal space 0.5 - 1 cun
SP17 Caution
Perpendicular insertion, especially in thin patients, carries a substantial risk of inducing a pneumothorax
SP17 Associations
None
SP17 Indications
Conditions / Symptoms:
Indigestion
Chronic pain of chest
Edema
Cough
Undigested food
Borborygmus/Breast Distention
Emesis
Promotes smooth spleen qi (digestion), moves water stagnation -
SP17 TCM Actions
Dissipates accumulation of food and promotes digestion
SP17 TCM Patterns
Food Accumulation in the Stomach
Small Intestine Qi Stagnation
SP17 Neuroanatomy
Superficial Innervation: Lateral cutaneous thoracic nerve from T6
Dermatome Segment: T6
Deeper Structures: Neuromuscular junction of long thoracic nerve (C5 - C7) to the serratus anterior muscle
SP17 Trigger Point
Muscle: Serratus anterior
Myotome Innervation: Long thoracic nerve (C5 - C7)
Location Notes: Although Melzack (1977) locates the serratus anterior here, Travell & Simons’ (1998) diagrams show Dabao Sp-21 to be a better location
Pain Referral Pattern: Around the point on the lateral aspect of the chest and on the back at the medial-inferior border of the scapula
Indications: Costal vertebral sprain ; Scapular fractures
SP17 Nearby Points
ST18 - 4 cun lateral to the AML in teh 5th intercostal space
GB23 - 1 cun anterior to GB22, level with the nipple in the 5th ICS
KD22 - in the 5th ICS, 2 cun lateral to RN16
LV14 - On the mamillary line, directly below the nipple, 4 cun lateral to the AML in the 6th ICS
RN16 - Level with the 5th ICS, where the right and left ribs meet on the lower border of the sternum, at the junction of the sternum and xyphoid process
GB22 - On the midaxillary line when the arm is raised, below the axilla in the 5th ICS (directly below HT1)
SP18 Tianxi
Heavenly Stream (Celestial Ravine)
SP18 Location
On the lateral side of the chest, 6 cun from the AML, in the 4th ICS
Sp18 Needling
Transverse oblique insertion along the intercostal space 0.5 - 1 cun
SP18 Caution
Perpendicular insertion, esp. in thin patients, carries substantial risk of pneumothorax
SP18 Associations
No hats.
Trigger point
SP18 Indications
Conditions / Symptoms:
Wheezing (Dyspnea)
Breast Distention/Abscess
Insufficient Lactation
Running Piglet Disorder
Cough
Hiccups
Descends qi - chest oppression, shortness of breath, cough, hiccup, running piglet disorder.
Opens the chest and circulation in the breasts - breast pain, insufficient lactation.
SP18 TCM Actions
Regulates and descends qi
Opens chest
Benefits the breast
Promotes lactation
SP18 TCM Patterns
Liver Qi Stagnation
SP18 Neuroanatomy
Superficial Innervation: Lateral cutaneous thoracic nerve from T5
Dermatome Segment: T5
SP18 Trigger Point
Muscle: Intercostals
Myotome Innervation: Intercostal nerve from T4
Location Notes: Intercostals can produce trigger points anywhere in the intercostal space
Pain Referral Pattern: Locally and towards the sternum. The more posterior the point the stronger its tendency to radiate pain to the front
Indications: Aching pain exacerbated by deep inhalation and activities such as sneezing and coughing
SP18 Nearby Points
ST17 - never needled, landmark in centre of nipple
GB22 - On the midaxillary line when the arm is raised, below the axilla in the 5th ICS
RN17 - Level with teh 4th ICS, midway between the nipples
KD23 - in the 4th ICS, 2 cun lateral to RN17
SP19 Xiongxiang
Chest Village
SP19 Location
6 cun lateral to the midline in the 3rd ICS
SP19 Needling
Oblique or subq insertion on lateral direction along the ICS 0.5 - 0.8 cun. Do not puncture deeply.
SP19 Caution
Perpendicular insertion, especially in thin patients, carries substantial risk of pneumothorax
SP19 Associations
No hats.
Trigger point
SP19 Indications
Conditions/Symptoms:
- Cough
- SOB
Fullness of chest and pain in hypochondriac region (aca)
Aids the descent of lung qi - cough.
Regulate lung qi - shortness of breath, chest oppression
SP19 TCM Actions
Regulates and descends qi and unbinds chest
SP19 TCM Patterns
Lung Rebellious Qi
SP19 Neuroanatomy
Superficial Innervation: Lateral cutaneous thoracic nerve from T4 at the skin and anterior thoracic nerve (C5 - C6) to the muscle
Dermatome Segment: T4
SP19 Trigger Point
Muscle: Pectoralis major (costal section)
Myotome Innervation: Medial pectoral nerve (C7 - T1)
Pain Referral Pattern: To the breast around the nipple
Indications: Strain of pectoralis major
SP19 Nearby Points
ST16 - 4 cun lateral to the AML in the 3rd ICS
KD24 - 2 cun lateral to CV18, in the 3rd ICS
CV18 - level with the 3rd ICS
SP20 Zhourong
Encircling Glory
SP20 Location
On the lateral side of the chest, in the 2nd ICS, 6 cun lateral to the midline
SP20 Needling
Transverse-oblique insertion along the ICS 0.5 - 1 cun
Oblique-subq along the ICS 0.5-0.8 cun (ACA)
SP20 Caution
Risk of pneumothorax
SP20 Associations
No hats.
Trigger point
SP20 Indications
Conditions / Symptoms:
Cough
Asthma
Indigestion
Aids the descent of lung qi - cough, shortness of breath, chest oppression.
SP20 TCM Action
Regulates and descends qi
Unbinds the chest
SP20 TCM Patterns
Lung Rebellious Qi
SP20 Neuroanatomy
Superficial Innervation: Lateral cutaneous thoracic nerve from T3
Dermatome Segment: T3
SP20 Trigger Point
Muscle: Pectoralis major (clavicular head)
Myotome Innervation: Lateral pectoral nerve (C5 - C7)
Pain Referral Pattern: From point across top of chest inferior to clavicle
Indications: Strain of pectorals ; Cardiac syndromes
SP20 Nearby Points
CV19 (Zi Gong Purple Palace) - On the anterior midline, level with the 2nd ICS
ST15 (Wu Yi Roof) - 4 cun lateral to the AML level with the 2nd ICS
KI25 (Shen Cang Storehouse of the Spirit) 2 cun lateral to the AML, level with the 2nd ICS
SP21 Dabao
Great Wrapping (Embracement)
SP21 Location
On the mid-axillary line, in the seventh ICS (note: some sources locate this in teh 6th ICS
6 cun below the axilla midway between the axilla and the free end of the 11th floating rib
SP21 Needling
Transverse-oblique along teh ICS 0.5 - 1 cun
Oblique or subq in a posterior direction 0.5 - 0.8 cun (ACA)
SP21 Caution
Risk of pneumothorax
SP21 Associations
Great Luo of the Spleen (Grand Luo Connecting Point)
Exit point
SP21 Indications
Conditions / Symptoms:
Chest Pain
Cough
Limb flaccidity/Joint flaccidity
Asthma
Pain of the whole body
Mentioned classically that when this point is deficient, all the joints are flaccid, and when excess, pain all over the body.
Descends lung qi - cough, chest oppression, shortness of breath.
SP21 TCM Actions
Regulates qi and blood and firms sinews and joints
Unbinds the chest and benefits the lateral costal region
SP21 TCM Patterns
Lung Rebellious Qi
?
SP21 Neuroanatomy
Superficial Innervation: Lateral cutaneous thoracic nerve from T6 or T7
Dermatome Segment: T6, T7
SP21 Trigger Point
Muscle: Latissimus dorsi, serratus anterior or intercostals
Myotome Innervation: Latissimus dorsi: Thoracodorsal (long scapular) nerve (C6 - C8); Serratus anterior: Long thoracic nerve (C5 - C7); Intercostals: Intercostal nerve from T6 or T7
Location Notes: For latissimus dorsi trigger point palpation or needling needs to be directed into the latissimus dorsi muscle posteriorly. Can also be located posteriorly on the back just lateral to the inferior angle of the scapula. Melzack (1977) locates the serratus anterior point at Shidou sp-17, but Travell & Simons (1998) diagram clearly shows it to be on the axillary line at the 6th intercostal space.
Pain Referral Pattern:
Latissimus dorsi: To inferior corner of scapula and down posterior and ulnar side of the arm
Serratus anterior: Around point and to inferior medial border of scapula
Indications: Mid-thoracic backache unresponsive to stretching and movement (latissimus dorsi) or chest pain, especially on deep or heavy breathing (serratus anterior)
SP21 Notes
Ling Shu Ch. 10 describes the diseases relating to the Luo emanating from this point as:
Repletion: Entire body aches
Depletion: All the joints relax
(Unschuld, 2016).
This point creates the connection between Blood and the lower Jiao via the Bao mai which drains Blood stasis from this point, the great Luo of the Spleen, to the Dai mai, first via the Luo of the Ren Jiuwei Ren-15 to the Du, and then from the Luo of the Du Chanqiang Du-1 to the Dai mai to create symptoms of Blood stagnation with Shen disturbance often seen in gynaecological disorders (Yuen, 2005, The Eight Extraordinary Vessels).
SP21 Nearby Points
GB22 - On the midaxillary line when the arm is raised, in the 5th ICS (directly below HT1)
GB23 - 1 cun anterior to GB22, level with teh nipple in the 5th ICS
LV14 - On the mamillary line, directly below the nipple, 4 cun lateral to the AML in teh 6th ICS
